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The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of parenting attitudes on adolescents' fandom activities, and to prove the meditating effect of psychological factors and life satisfaction on the relationship between parenting attitudes and adolescents' fandom activities. The results are as follows: First, while negative parenting attitude influenced negatively adolescents' fandom activities, positive parenting attitude had no effect on them. Second, positive parenting attitude had negative effect on adolescents' psychological factors, but negative parenting attitude influenced positively them. Third, adolescents' psychological factors influenced positively their fandom activities. Fourth, adolescents' psychological factors had perfect mediating effect between positive parenting attitude and their fandom activities, and they also played partial mediating role between negative parenting attitude and their fandom activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Psychological aspect is an important factor that needs to be taken into consideration in a weight management program for it to be successful and effective. This paper studies the psychological characteristics of the obese people. Methods: Forty two obese adults (body mass index 28.4 kg/m2, mean age of 29.4 years) and 23 normal weight adults (body mass index 21.5 kg/m2, mean age of 26.4 years) were studied. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Symptom Checklist (SCL)-90-R were used to measure depression and anxiety, and to evaluate psychological problems. Self-esteem, body shape satisfaction, and self-efficacy were assessed as variables for the psychological aspects of quality of life. Results: The obese group had higher scores for obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation, and psychotic dimensions compared with the normal weight group. The obese group had lower self-esteem and lower body shape satisfaction than the normal weight group, however, obese group's self efficacy was higher than the normal weight group. Conclusion: This study shows that the obese subjects have lower self-respect and lower body shape satisfaction. Therefore, efforts should be made to ease their anxiety regarding their body weight. Care and consideration for their feelings of inferiority should be exerted when weight management program is implemented. In addition, encouragement for self-control and self-determination is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]