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Background: Volume overload results in higher mortality rates in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The ratio of bioimpedance (RBI) might be a helpful parameter in adjusting dry body weight in CAPD patients. This study examined whether it is possible to distinguish between non-hypervolemic status and hypervolemic status in CAPD patients by using only RBI. Methods: RBI was calculated as follows: RBI = impedance at 50 kHz/impedance at 500 kHz. Based on the experts’ judgements, a total of 64 CAPD patients were divided into two groups, a non-hypervolemic group and a hypervolemic group. The RBI was measured from right wrist to right ankle (rw-raRBI) by bioimpedance spectroscopy (BCM®, Fresenius Medical Care) before and after the peritosol was emptied. Other RBIs were measured from the right side of the anterior superior iliac spine to the ipsilateral ankle (rasis-raRBI) to control for the electro-physiological effects of peritoneal dialysate. Results: The mean rw-raRBI of non-hypervolemic patients was higher than that of hypervolemic patients in the presence (1.141 ± 0.022 vs. 1.121 ± 0.021, P < 0.001) of a peritosol. Likewise, the mean rasis-raRBI of non-hypervolemic patients was higher than that of hypervolemic patients (presence of peritosol: 1.136 ± 0.026 vs. 1.109 ± 0.022, P < 0.001; absence of peritosol: 1.131 ± 0.022 vs. 1.107 ± 0.022, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The volume status of CAPD patients was able to be simply expressed by RBI. Therefore, this study suggests that when patients cannot be analyzed using BCM, RBI could be an alternative.

Correction of hyperuricemia can slow down the progression of renal disease in animal study. However, there is limited data regarding the effect of lowering serum uric acid in patients with hyperuricemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 (estimated GFR [eGFR] 30-60 mL/min). Methods: We retrospectively investigated 100 patients (age 56.1±9.9 years, M:F=79:21) with hyperuricemia (serum uric acid 7.9±0.9 mg/dL) and CKD stage 3 (eGFR 52.0±7.0 mL/min) 10 years ago. First, to evaluate the effect of allopurinol on the progression of renal disease, 23 patients who have taken allopurinol were compared with the randomly selected 23 patients according to the level of serum uric acid and eGFR as a control group among the other 77 patients who have never received allopurinol. Second, to clarify the effect of lowering serum uric acid by diet on renal disease progression, these 77 patients were divided into 2 groups by decreased amount of serum uric acid during 10 years and compared each other (group 1>1.0 mg/dL vs. group 2