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n recent years, there has been significant progress in the fields of Attention-based Transformers[1, 2]. In this paper, we compare the performance of an Attention encoder and an LSTM[3] for the stock prediction task, evaluating the performance based on the model's size and input length. We utilize stock history data for Apple, Samsung, and Amazon, obtained from Kaggle. The Attention Encoder model outperforms the LSTM baseline model on all datasets. This demonstrates the superior performance of the Attention Encoder model. Additionally, increasing the input sequence dimension of the Attention Encoder network leads to improved performance. However, there is a concern regarding overfitting of the Attention Encoder model due to the rapid changes in the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tumor embolism is defined as tumor cells within the vascular system such as pulmonary artery that is not contiguous with the other metastatic foci. The incidence of tumor embolism varies widely ranging from 3% to 26% among several studies; whereas lung cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, pancreas cancer are associated with high risks for tumor embolism. However thyroid cancer is rarely associated with tumor embolism. Among the rare cases, tumor embolism was reported as being mostly of follicular carcinoma or undifferentiated carcinoma, but few of papillary carcinoma. We report an unusual presentation that pulmonary tumor embolism from thyroid papillary carcinoma was diagnosed with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) and chest CT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is known as a marker of inflammation in asthma, cystic fibrosis and exacerbation of COPD. However, its importance has not been established in patients using mechanical ventilation. We assessed whether FENO is elevated in patients with ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), and physiologic or pathologic factors affecting levels of FENO in patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods: All patients (over 18-year-old) using mechanical ventilation were included, and among them, VAP patients were diagnosed on the basis of clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS). We measured FENO in air collected during the end-expiratory pause via an off-line method. We compared the levels of FENO between patients with VAP and without, and assessed the relationship between FENO and other physiologic or pathologic characteristics; age, gender, PaO2, oxygenation index, CPIS. Results: A total of 43 patients (23 male, mean age 67.7 ± 10.7) in an ICU were enrolled; 19 of them were VAP-patients (10 male, mean age 64.8 ± 12.9). The level of FENO in the VAP-patients was substantially higher than in the non-VAP group (55.8 ± 25.3 ppb Vs. 31.8 ± 13.5 ppb, p < 0.001). CPIS on day 1 and day 3, and duration of mechanical ventilation, were associated with the level of FENO, but oxygenation index, PaO2, PaO2/FiO2, and the mean PEEP were not. Conclusions: FENO may be useful for the diagnosis of VAP, and is related to CPIS, as well as the duration of mechanical ventilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background In addition to improving the serum vitamin D balance, narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy can effectively treat chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP). We investigated the degree of CKD-aP amelioration according to changes in the serum vitamin D level after NB-UVB phototherapy. Methods This was a before–after clinical study in patients with refractory CKD-aP on hemodialysis. NB-UVB phototherapy was administered thrice weekly for 12 weeks. The response of CKD-aP to NB-UVB phototherapy was assessed as the change in pruritus intensity over time. A rapid response was defined as a reduction in the visual analog scale (VAS) score of ≥50% within the first 6 weeks of NB-UVB phototherapy. Results We included 34 patients in this study. Although serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations increased significantly, by a median of 17.4 ng/mL, after the phototherapy course, other serologic parameters did not change. NB-UVB phototherapy reduced the VAS score for pruritus intensity over time significantly more in patients with Δ25(OH)D of >17.4 ng/mL than in patients with Δ25(OH)D of ≤17.4 ng/mL (p = 0.001). Ten patients were rapid responders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Δ25(OH)D was independently associated with rapid response (odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.63; p = 0.04). Conclusion The effect of NB-UVB phototherapy on patients with CKD-aP correlated with their increase in serum vitamin D levels. Further well-designed clinical and experimental studies are needed to clarify the relationship between NB-UVB phototherapy and serum vitamin D levels in patients with CKD-aP.

Pnuemocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is one of leading causes of acute respiratory failure in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the mortality rate remains high in mechanically ventilated HIV patients with PJP. There are several reported cases who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment for respiratory failure associated with severe PJP in HIV-infected patients. We report a patient who was newly diagnosed with HIV and PJP whose condition worsened after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation and progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring veno-venous ECMO. The patient recovered from PJP and is undergoing treatment with HAART. ECMO support can be an effective life-saving salvage therapy for acute respiratory failure refractory to mechanical ventilation following HAART in HIV-infected patients with severe PJP.

A 74-year-old woman presented with edema in the lower extremities. Laboratory tests revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, and nephrotic-range proteinuria. Myelodysplastic syndrome-refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (MDS-RCMD) was confirmed by bone marrow biopsy. Renal biopsy demonstrated membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN), stage I. Based on these clinicopathologic results, she was diagnosed as having MGN with MDS-RCMD. This is a rare case report of MGN in a parient with MDS-RCMD featuring nephrotic syndrome.