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Purpose: This study performed an integrated review based on Roy's adaptation modes of physiological-physical and psycho-social integration to identify health problems and measure health management of child and adolescent cancer survivors. Methods: Based on 'Whittemore and Knafl's stages' of an integrative review process (problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation of the results), six databases (Google Scholar, CINAHL, PubMed, RISS, KISS, and DBpia) were used to retrieve relevant articles. A total of 992 variables were collected from 14 studies published between 2011 and 2023. Results: Three thematic categories were identified: physiological-physical and psycho-social health problems (fatigue, diminished physical activity, physical sequela, sleep disorders, endocrine problems, bullying, and prejudice), daily self care management(lifestyles integrating health promotion, adaptation processes, and self-care), and preventive health management(utilization of health checkups and screening tests). Conclusion: Nursing interventions that can result in a healthy lifestyle for child and adolescent cancer survivors should be further examined at the individual, community, and national levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of uncertainty in illness and coping on the quality of life (QoL) of colorectal cancer patients. Methods: Research involved 160 colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at a single tertiary hospital. Data collected between August 3 and October 8, 2020, were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results: Results revealed low scores for 'global health status' but moderate scores for 'function scale' and 'symptom scale.' Uncertainty in illness exhibited a negative correlation, while coping correlated positively with QoL. Coping (β=.52, p<.001) and uncertainty in illness (β=-.26, p<.001) significantly influenced 'global health status.' Coping (β=.42, p<.001), uncertainty in illness (β=-.17, p=.021), and side effect symptoms (yes) (β=-.16, p=.022) were influencing factors in 'function scale,' and coping (β=-.33, p<.001) and side effect symptoms (yes) (β=.22, p=.002) were influencing factors for 'symptom scale.' Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of enhancing coping skills and reducing uncertainty in illness to improve QoL among colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Consequently, nursing interventions assessing and managing uncertainty in illness, empowering positive coping strategies, and effectively managing side effect symptoms are imperative for enhancing the QoL of colorectal cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an app-based self-management program based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) for breast cancer survivors' exercise practice, as well as to investigate the program's effects on the stage of change for exercise, exercise self-efficacy, exercise decisional balance, exercise amount, and body composition. Methods: This non-randomized controlled study included 52 participants (26 in each of the experimental and control groups, respectively). An app-based self-management program based on the TTM was conducted with the experimental group for a 12-week period. The program comprised three components: individual coaching for each stage of change for exercise based on TTM, amount of exercise and body composition monitoring, and online self-help meetings. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher stages of change for exercise (p < .001), exercise self-efficacy (p < .001), exercise decisional balance (p = .002), exercise amount (p < .001), and body composition (body weight [p = .006], body mass index [p = .005], and body fat percentage [p = .010]) immediately and four weeks after the intervention. Conclusion: An appbased self-management program based on the TTM improves exercise behaviors in breast cancer survivors and provides physical benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of group education reflecting unmet needs led by Nurse Practitioners (NPs) on essential knowledge regarding chemotherapy for cancer patients and their families undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Conducted at a tertiary general hospital in Seoul from December 30, 2020, to April 30, 2022, this study, which is based on a one group pre-post design, involved 104 cancer patients and their families. It assessed differences in knowledge regarding chemotherapy and satisfaction levels by means of participation through video-based group education led by NPs. The data were analyzed with SAS version 9.4 using paired t-tests and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The average score of knowledge regarding chemotherapy increased from 80.0 to 89.8 (p<.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, being less than 50 years old (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]=13.56, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.76~10.20) and having a college degree or higher (aOR=3.99, 95% CI: 1.15~13.82) were associated with an increase in knowledge regarding chemotherapy. Satisfaction with participation in the group education program was also reported to be high. Conclusion: This study aimed to develop and implement a group education program for cancer patients and their families undergoing chemotherapy, assess changes in knowledge levels, and investigate satisfaction with the program. As a result of the study, the average score of patients who received the group education program increased; thus, it is an effective method for improving the degree of knowledge about the daily life of cancer patients and the management of side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of body image, self-esteem, and depression on sexual function in young breast cancer survivors. Methods: Data were collected through an online questionnaire from 171 patients under 50 years of age between February and April 2023. The statistical analysis, performed using SPSS/WIN 26.0, included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression. The bias-corrected bootstrap method was employed for testing mediation using JASP 0.17.2. Results: Sexual function correlated with body image (r=-.54, p<.001), selfesteem (r=.50, p<.001), and depression (r=-.60, p<.001). Regression analysis revealed depression, age, and cancer stage influenced sexual function. Body image and self-esteem indirectly influenced sexual function through depression. Conclusion: A tailored sexual function improvement program for young breast cancer survivors should consider addressing issues related to body image, selfesteem and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study evaluated whether patient activation and nurse trust mediate the relationship between a person-centered climate and patient satisfaction in cancer patients. Methods: A total of 179 participants, who were admitted in a tertiary hospital of J city, were surveyed in a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from March 1 to June 10, 2023. The descriptive statistics and mediating effects were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 25.0 and PROCESS macro program. Results: A person-centered climate directly affected patient satisfaction (direct effect=0.21, p<.001; direct effect=0.34, p<.001). Patient activation had a mediating effect between a person-centered climate and patient satisfaction (indirect effect=0.31, 95% Boot confidence interval=0.24~0.39). Nurse trust had a mediating effect between a person-centered climate and patient satisfaction (indirect effect=0.19, 95% Boot confidence interval= 0.10~0.27). Conclusion: This indicates the importance of developing a person-centered climate, patient activation and nurse trust to improve satisfaction for cancer patients. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the level of trust in nurses to improve and strengthen trust in them and to develop various program to focus on patient activation in cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition risk, physical activity, insomnia, anxiety, and depression on fatigue among breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Methods: The participants of this study were 160 breast cancer patients at Yeungnam University Medical Center in South Korea. The data were collected from September to November 2022 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Bonferroni correction, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS version 28.0. Results: The mean fatigue score was 18.44±7.30 points, while the scores for nutrition risk, insomnia, anxiety, and depression were 2.03±1.52, 5.43±4.79, 6.79±2.81, and 8.17±3.36 points, respectively. Physical activity was measured at 1366.49±1617.87 METs. The general characteristics of the participants showed significant differences in fatigue concerning pain (F=13.97, p=.001), duration of illness (t=-2.37, p=.019), and total radiation dose (t=-2.13, p=.035). Fatigue exhibited significant positive correlations with nutrition risk (r=.35, p<.001), insomnia (r=.35, p<.001), and anxiety (r=.35, p<.001), and a significant negative correlation with physical activity (r=-.20, p=.012). In multiple regression analysis, the factors influencing fatigue were identified as nutrition risk (β=28, p<.001), duration of illness (β=19, p=.005), depression (β=23, p=.006), total radiation dose (β=19, p=.005), and physical activity (β=-.14, p=.036). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of addressing nutrition risk and depression in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Encouraging physical activity may also play a crucial role in managing fatigue in these patients. These findings could guide the development of targeted interventions to improve the well-being of breast cancer patients during radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect lung cancer survivors' awareness of well-dying. Methods:Data were collected from November 8, 2022 to December 23, 2022. Participants were 105 lung cancer survivors university hospital located in Chungcheongnam-do. Data was analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffétest, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Symptom experience, resilience, awareness of well-dying, general cancer-related variables were measured. Results: Multiple regression analysis, the factors influencing awareness of well-dying were identified as symptomexperience (intensity), presence or absence of a spouse, andgender. The explanatory power of well-dying awareness through the three variables was 30.9%. The factor that has the greatest influence on the awareness of well-dying was symptom experience (intensity) (β=-.44), followed by spouse (β=.29) and gender (β=-22) in order. Conclusion: Lung cancer survivors' symptom experienceis a key factor influencing awareness of well-dying. Therefore, in order to increase awareness of well-dying among lung cancer survivors, symptom management should be actively provided to male patients and those who have received radiation therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify degrees of symptoms, self-efficacy, fear of cancer recurrence, anti-hormone therapy beliefs, and medication adherence, and to pinpoint factors influencing medication adherence among patients with breast cancer who were undergoing hormone therapy. Methods: The data of 144 breast cancer patients who had breast cancer surgery and were undergoing anti-hormone therapy were collected from July to August 2022. The collected data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchy multiple regression analysis. Results: Medication adherence significantly differed according to the breast cancer stage (F=3.35, p=.38) and presence of comorbidities other than breast cancer (t=-2.26, p=.025). Medication adherence was explained by breast cancer stage (β=.15), the presence of comorbidities other than breast cancer (β=.16), symptom (β=.17), and Anti-Hormone Therapy Beliefs (β=-.44)(F=11.47, p<.001). The model explained 34% of the variance. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that share the patient's symptom experiences among medical staff, and educate about the importance of anti-hormone therapy beliefs and prior methods. The findings of this study highlight the need to develop and implement education or interventions to enhance medication adherence among breast cancer patients who are undergoing anti-hormone therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose:This study aims to identify the perceived care needs of nurses as care providers and patients as care recipients for managing adverse effects that result from chemotherapy. Methods:This descriptive study used a mixed-methods design employed with convenience sampling. The instrument was a 25-item, 4-point Likert-scale questionnaire that focused on the care needs of patients with advanced cancer, completed by the patients and the nurses who care for them. The study also included an open-ended question. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, and content analysis. Results:The total mean value of care needs was not significantly different between the patient and nurse groups (t=-1.67, p=.098). The results of one open-ended question analyzed using content analysis were identified in five categories: physical, psychological, spiritual, policy, and other. Conclusion: This study suggested the multifaceted care needs for managing the adverse effects of chemotherapy among patients with advanced cancer at a long-term care hospital in Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the impact of uncertainty and social support on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors who received chemotherapy. Methods: Data was collected from 119 participants diagnosed with breast cancer who had completed chemotherapy and were active members of breast cancer self-help groups in cities D and B. Results: Factors influencing the quality of life were, in order of significance, uncertainty (β=-.58, p<.001), family history (β=-.15, p=.029), and medical staff support (β=.15, p=.043). The overall explanatory power was measured at 45.0%. It was observed that a lower level of uncertainty and a higher level of support from medical staff correlated with a better quality of life. Furthermore, participants without a family history of breast cancer were found to have a better quality of life than those with a family history of breast cancer. Conclusion: These findings suggest that enhancing the quality of life of breast cancer survivors after chemotherapy requires nursing interventions aimed at reducing uncertainty and bolstering support from medical staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Cancer patients need ongoing care from healthcare providers to maintain continuity of treatment. Much research has been conducted on digital health services for providing continuous management of discharged cancer patients. This review aimed to identify nurse-led digital health interventions for discharged cancer patients. Methods: This scoping review was conducted using JBI methodology. The population was post-discharge adult cancer patients, the concept was nurse-led digital health intervention, and the context was open. Databases including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and RISS were searched. Data were summarized about the general characteristics of the article, participants, interventions, and outcomes. Results: Fifty-seven studies were included, with ten studies that focused on the elderly. One third of the participants included in this review had colorectal cancer (32.7%). Telephone was the most frequently used format, while the others were applications, the internet, and telemonitor- ing. The nurses' main roles consisted of counseling, symptom monitoring, and education. Conclusion: The development of nurse-led digital health intervention for the elderly will be necessary, and studies using more diverse technologies will need to be conduct- ed. Digital health interventions for post-discharge colorectal cancer patients could be applied in practice. Nurses should provide emotional support while providing digital health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study sought to identify potential predictors of psychological distress among patients with lung cancer who underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy. Methods: Seventy patients with lung cancer were recruited. Patients' data were collected between February and November 2021 using Distress Thermometer (DT) scale and problem lists. Patients were categorized into mild (DT score < 4 points) and moderate/severe (DT score) groups at six months postoperatively. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, χ²-test, independent t-test, and logistic regression. Results: Of the 70 participants, 40 (57.1%) displayed elevated distress, as indicated by DT score of ≥ 4, six months after VATS lobectomy. Depression (p=.008), nervousness (p=.002), sadness (p=.035), getting around (p=.016), and sexual problems (p=.019) were more frequent in the moderate/severe group. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age < 65 years (odds ratio (OR)=4.41) and nervousness (OR=5.52) were predictive factors for high postoperative psychological distress. Conclusion: More than half of patients with lung cancer had moderate/severe distress at six months after VATS lobectomy. Further research is needed to reduce symptoms or manifestations of distress such as nervousness in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer, especially among patients who are under 65 years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The research aimed to investigate the factors affecting cancer preventive behavior among patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Methods: Data were collected from 126 patients who underwent ESD for EGC and who were recruited from a single university affiliated hospital, Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average score of cancer preventive behavior was 66.87±10.36 out of 90. Correlations between attitude toward cancer and preventive behavior regarding cancer were positive (r=.26, p=.004). Also, the regression analyses revealed that factors affecting cancer preventive behavior included perception of cancer screening, attitude toward cancer, and age. A history of drinking alcohol on the other hand was negatively related to cancer preventive behavior. The regression analyses explained 31% of variance (F=6.50, p=.037). Conclusion: These results suggest that nurses should develop a program for risk groups (people who drink alcohol regularly, are under the age of 65 and who have poor self-health care after ESD). And such a program should include interventions to improve attitudes toward cancer and perception of cancer screening, and encourage physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between cancer coping, family support, and degree of posttraumatic growth in female genital cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and provide evidence for nursing intervention to enhance posttraumatic growth. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to 114 participants. The cancer coping, family support, and posttraumatic growth were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed with independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation using the SPSS/win 28.0 statistical programs. Results: The mean score of cancer coping was 62.65±13.53, that of intrapersonal coping 38.32±8.34, and that of interpersonal coping was 24.32±6.56. The mean score of family support was 49.06±7.32 and posttraumatic growth was 59.66±17.92. Posttraumatic growth showed a statistically significant positive correlation among intrapersonal coping (r=.80), interpersonal coping (r=.61), and family support (r=.42, p<.001). Conclusion: To increase posttraumatic growth, it is necessary to develop coping interventions so that cancer patients can effectively and positively cope with various difficulties and problems in the process of chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the quality of life of cancer patients by examining the degree of the COVID-19 pandemic-related depression, anxiety, stress, and treatment-crisis. Methods: Data were collected from 132 cancer patients undergoing surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy at K University Hospital in D City using a structured questionnaire. The period of data collection was from May 6 to May 28, 2022. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearsons correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean scores of quality of life, depression, anxiety, stress, and treatment-crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic were 84.64±29.09, 15.14±6.49, 4.66±5.27, 75.83±17.70, and 78.52±19.95, respectively: In terms of factors affecting the quality of life related to the COVID-19 pandemic, CO-VID-19 pandemic-related stress (β=41,p<.001) appeared to have the greatest impact, followed by COVID-19 pandemic-related treatment-crisis (β=.28, p=.002), anxiety (β=.21, p=.002), and gender (β=.14, p=.009), with a total explanatory power of 67.6%. Conclusion: To improve the quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 pandemic-related stress, treatment-crisis, and anxiety should be periodically monitored and nursing interventions such as education on infection prevention, management, and emotional support programs should be provided to decrease the COVID-19 pandemic-related stress, treatment-crisis, and anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the experiences of women under 40 years of age with gynecologic cancer. Methods: Semi-structured individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 Korean female patients aged 21-39 years with gynecologic cancer. The data were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss' grounded theory approach, including open coding, context analysis, and integrating categories. Results: Grounded theory analysis revealed nine categories and a core category of 'the journey to find my life after losing the life as a typical woman.' The categories that emerged as the conditions are 'Unwelcomed guest, cancer,' 'Completely devastated life as an ordinary woman,' 'Uncertain future,' 'Losing my physical characteristics as a woman,' and 'Life tied with treatments.' The actions/interactions were 'Decrease of interpersonal relationships,' 'A lonely battle to overcome alone,' and 'The power to overcome hardships.' The consequence was 'Live my own life.' Conclusion: This study contributes to the development of a substantive theory of the experience of gynecologic cancer in young women, which has been on the rise in recent years. The study's results are expected to be used as a basis for providing nursing care to help young women with gynecologic cancer adapt to their disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: It is difficult to determine whether a comprehensive and systematic community-based cancer care project is properly carried out. The purpose of this article is to present the current status and prospects of community-based oncology nursing by reviewing related literature. Methods: A new cancer care model is established through the analysis of existing cancer care models and literature review of community-based cancer prevention, cancer screening, cancer survivor care, cancer patient hospice care. Results: The Comprehensive Cancer Care Model (CCCM) was presented. The CCCM arranges the periods of cancer treatment and the cancer journey on the horizontal axis, and public health centers, oncology hospitals, cancer convalescent hospitals, primary care physicians, and prayer centers on the vertical axis, and describes levels of care participation of human resources in institutions and the degree of interconnection. Conclusion: It is expected that CCCM will be used for holistic, sustainable, and cost-effective cancer management. In community-based oncology nursing, health promotion team nurses of public health centers are in charge of population- based cancer prevention and early detection programs, and visiting health management team nurses of public health centers are in charge of individual-based cancer survivor and hospice programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore defecation functions related quality of life (QoL) according to the location of cancer in colorectal cancer survivors. Methods: A total of 120 colorectal cancer survivors (67 colon vs. 53 rectum, mean age: 55.3±10.3 years, 46.7% male) who completed treatment were recruited from a tertiary hospital. QoL and defecation function related QoL were surveyed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC QLQ-colorectal cancer specific core (CR29) questionnaire. Physical activity (PA) levels of participants were surveyed using a global PA questionnaire. Results: There was no statistical difference in general QoL according to the location of cancer, but significant differences were observed in defecation function related QoL. When cancer location is closer to the anus, survivors experience more defecation dysfunction, negatively associated with QoL (Hemicolectomy: 67.71±14.07, anterior resection: 92.22±15.18, lower anterior resection: 151.85±17.20, and ultra-low anterior resection: 263.73±42.69). Conclusion: When location of cancer is closer to the anus, colorectal survivors experience significantly more defecation dysfunction and poorer QoL. Strategies to reduce defecation dysfunction according to the location of cancer among colorectal cancer patients should be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate symptom experience and quality of life (QoL) and to identify the predictors of QoL among colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 107 colorectal cancer patients at a university-affiliated hospital between June 1 and July 30, 2021. Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C), Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form (MSAS-SF) were used to assess symptom experience and QoL of these patients. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The mean QoL score for colorectal cancer patients was 88.78±20.08. The most frequently experienced physical and psychological symptoms were numbness/tingling and worrying. Physical and psychological symptoms have a significant negative association with QoL. Perceived economic status was significantly associated with QoL in patients' general characteristics. The regression analyses showed that high psychological symptoms (β=-.63, p<.001), middle perceived economic status (β=-.22, p=.009) and low perceived economic status (β=-.36, p<.001) were statistically significant in predicting patients' low QoL. Conclusion: Symptom experience and QoL are essential variables that should be acknowledged when delivering health care to colorectal cancer patients. More attention to the reduction and comprehensive symptom management of psychological distress could improve QoL among colorectal cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to explore the role of oncology nurses in cancer survivorship care by understanding the concept of cancer survivors and cancer survivor management models. Methods: This review focused on a search of the related prior literature to identify the role of oncology nurses in the cancer survivor management system, and assessing the current status in Korea and abroad. Results: Life as a cancer survivor is the longest part of the cancer journey. Cancer survivor health management involves both cancer-related health problems and general health problems, and is a time in which the health management entity shifts from medical institutions to the local community. Cancer survivor management led by medical institutions has limitations when it comes to the overall management of cancer survivors. In particular, nurse-led management can be effective for the management of cancer survivors in the chronic stage. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the cancer survivor care capabilities of oncologists, such as planning and operating cancer survivor management programs, and to establish administrative and legal roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of an advanced practice nurse-led psychoeducational program on distress, anxiety, depression, coping with cancer (CWC), health promotion behavior (HPB), and quality of life (QOL) among colorectal cancer survivors. Methods: This study was designed as a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest. The participants were survivors of colorectal cancer who underwent follow-up care. There were 39 survivors: 19 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. The experimental group performed a psychoeducational program for 120 minutes per session, once a week for a total of six weeks, while the control group received routine education and counseling. Distress, anxiety, depression, CWC, HPB, and QOL were investigated before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN ver. 24.0, using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There were significant interactions between time and group for distress and anxiety. In addition, CWC interacted with the total of CWC and interpersonal coping, and QOL interacted with the total of QOL and functional status. However, there were no significant differences in the depression or HPB scores. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we expect that this program can be used as an effective intervention for colorectal cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model which explains the psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer survivors using the family resilience model suggested by McCubbin and McCubbin. Methods: The study participants were 242 breast cancer survivors who had finished active treatments within the past five years. Data were collected from September to October 2017 from an offline breast cancer self-help group survey and an online breast cancer support group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 and AMOS version 23.0. Results: The model fit indices for the modified hypothetical model were suitable for the recommended level: x² =223.80 (df=88, p<.001), x²/df=2.54, RMR=.04, GFI=.90, IFI=.93, CFI=.93, and RMSEA=.08. Symptoms and posttrauma- tic growth directly affected psychosocial adjustment. Symptoms were found to be the most influential factors in the psychosocial adjustment. All three family resilience factors-family hardiness, problem-solving communication, and problem-solving coping-directly affected posttraumatic growth and indirectly affected psychosocial adjustment through posttraumatic growth. These variables explained 81.2% of breast cancer survivors' psychosocial adjustment. Conclusion: Health care professionals need to continue to provide interventions for symptom relief and support to improve the psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer survivors. Additionally, practical nursing interventions should be prepared for individuals and families of breast cancer survivors to promote recovery and reinforce family resilience. This will ultimately improve the quality of life for breast cancer survivors and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the experiences of adult cancer patients living with Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment (CRCI). Methods: Data were collected by using in-depth and audio-recorded interviews with seven patients of colorectal, stomach, and breast cancer. The participants were asked to describe their CRCI experience. The data were analyzed according to Colaizzi's method for phenomenological analysis. Results: Three-theme clusters and six themes emerged: (1) Foggy daily life: brain health impairment; "I feel different from my usual self: cognitive impairment," "Lost daily activities: work-related tasks affected," (2) Struggle to retain memories; "Tried using all strategies I could to recall my memories," "Need for concern and therapeutic communication," (3) Expectation of a whole body: hope to live; "Expectations for cognitive rehabilitation," "Reorganizing daily life." Conclusion: These results showed that patients did not consider CRCI important until symptoms affected daily activities and workrelated tasks and tried to use self-management strategies to manage CRCI. A two-way exchange of information between patients and health professionals can help patients understand and prepare for CRCI in dealing with symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a scale to measure spiritual distress in cancer patients. Methods: A total of 69 preliminary items for the spiritaul distress assessment tool (SDAT) were compiled, based on a literature review, selection of empirically relevant items through concept analysis of hybrid models, confirmation of content validity by experts, cognitive interviews, and a pretest. Self-administered questionnaires were collected between April 1 and July 31, 2018, from 225 cancer patients at four medical institutions and one nursing home. The data were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity, and Pearson correlation for criterion validity. Reliability was tested by Cronbash's α coefficient. Results: The final version of the SDAT consisted of 20 items. Five-factors, loss of peace, burden of family, avoidance of confronting death, guilt and remorse, regret for not being able to apololgize and forgive were extracted, and showed 62.8% of total variance. The factors were confirmed through convergent and discriminant validity. Criterion validity was confirmed by functional assessment chronic illness therapy spiritual well-being scale 12 (FACIT-Sp12). The overall Cronbach's α was .91, and the coefficients of each subscale ranged from .78~.83. Conclusion: The SDAT for cancer patients is valid and reliable. It is suggested that the tool can be used to measure spiritual distress in cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the major keywords and the structure of the networks for each major topic to gain knowledge on factors influencing the quality of life of cancer survivors using Text Network Analysis (TNA) and topic modeling. Methods: The study was conducted in four steps:(1) collecting abstracts, (2) text preprocessing in Python, (3) building a co-occurrence matrix, and (4) analyzing network features and clustering topic groups. From 2010 to 2020, 133 studies related to factors affecting the quality of life of cancer survivors were collected from several databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL RISS, KoreaMed, KISS). Results: As a result of analyzing 9,968 evaluation results on "breast cancer," "female," "depression," "treatment," "age," "questionnaire," "symptom," and "diagnosis," five topics were derived after topic modeling considering coherence score and perplexity score. The main themes were breast cancer survivor, symptom experience, colon cancer survivor, psycho-social factors, and lifestyle and health management. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, symptoms such as depression, physical activity, and lifestyle and health management are significant factors affecting the quality of life of cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate unmet needs and sexual distress of gynecological cancer patients according to the period following immediately, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after initial treatment. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional comparative study, and the data collection was done from April to December 2020. The study subjects comprised a total of 212 gynecological cancer patients. The 212 subjects were grouped and evaluated as follows: 41 in immediately, 38 in 6 months, 46 in 12 months, 43 in 18 months, and 44 in 24 months after initial treatment. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups of five periods after initial treatment in the unmet needs of the subjects. As a result of post-hoc test, the unmet needs were significantly higher after 6 months than after 12, 18, and 24 months. There was a significant difference between the groups of five periods after initial treatment in sexual distress, and sexual distress after 6 months was the highest. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the unmet needs and sexual distress at the time of 6 months after initial treatment in gynecological cancer patients were high. In particular, nursing interventions, such as patient teaching and counseling are necessary for gynecological cancer patients who have reached 6 months after initial treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study examined the mediating effect of bowel function symptoms in the relationship between social support and uncertainty in rectal cancer patients. Methods: In total, 132 rectal cancer patients were recruited online. Data were collected from October 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020 using on-line questionnaires and were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients and bootstrapping for mediation. Results: Social support had a significant and positive effect on bowel function symptoms and a negative effect on uncertainty. Bowel function symptoms had a significant negative effect on uncertainty; and showed a statistically significant mediating effect in the relationship between social support and uncertainty. In other words, social support had direct and indirect effects on uncertainty. Conclusion: In rectal cancer patients, social support attenuated bowel function symptoms and showed direct and indirect effects on uncertainty. Therefore, to increase the social support of rectal cancer patients, the patients' family, friends, and meaningful others should be involved in providing nursing. In order to reduce bowel function symptoms, which have a mediating effect, rectal cancer patients need to be well aware of the symptoms of bowel function that change after surgery. Systematic pre- and post- operative education would be help reduce uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on depression among patients with lung cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies. A literature search was performed through PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and five Korean databases in November 2020. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Ver. 3.0 and Review Manager Ver. 5.4 programs. Results: A total of 37 studies, including 25 RCTs and 12 quasi-experimental studies, were identified; 27 studies reported data suitable for meta-analysis. In meta-analysis, the overall effect sizes for NPIs of RCTs and quasi-experimental studies were -0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.90, -0.31) and -0.40 (95% CI: -0.59, -0.21), respectively. Among the types of NPI in RCTs, the effect size of psychological therapy was the largest with -0.68 (95% CI: -1.13, -0.23). In addition, information & communication technology (ICT) had a larger effect size of -0.68 (95% CI: -1.13, -0.23), compared to face-to-face intervention. Conclusion: NPIs may have a significant effect in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with lung cancer. It is suggested that further studies develop and apply structured NPIs considering intervention components such as type and mode of ICT delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Sleep disturbance is among commonly reported symptoms associated with leukemia and its treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify the symptom experience, anxiety and depression, and sleep disturbance in patients with acute leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 82 patients with acute leukemia who were undergoing chemotherapy were recruited. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire, which included the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Patient Activation Measure 13. Results: Sleep disturbance and symptom experience, and anxiety and depression were shown to be positively correlated, and patient activation was shown to be negatively correlated. Use of sleeping pills and symptom severity were significantly associated with sleep disturbance. Conclusion: The psychological and physical symptoms patients experience during treatment should be accurately identified, and effective nursing interventions should be provided. In addition, patient activation in patients with acute leukemia under inpatient treatment was not correlated with symptoms. However, supportive care should be provided to develop and accurately measure patient activation tools suitable for disease characteristics to increase patient activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the trajectories of depressive symptoms and the predictive factors that determine the trajectories among elderly cancer survivors in South Korea. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The inclusion criteria were adults who were aged 65 years or older, diagnosed with cancer, and participated in the panel survey at least three times. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and STATA 16.0 for Group-Based Trajectory Model. Results: This study comprised 197 participants. Depression trajectories were derived into the three groups of 'non-depression,' 'mild depression,' and 'depression.' As a result of multinomial logit analysis using 'mild depression' as a reference group, the significant predictors that differentiated the 'non-depression' and 'mild depression' groups was whether the subject was living alone or not (p=.001). Conclusion: To prevent and manage depression among the elderly cancer survivors living alone, it is necessary to first identify the social support resources from a cancer diagnosis. In addition, a social foundation should be established to enable elderly cancer survivors to utilize the supporting resources. Further studies should be conducted considering disease-specific variables such as types of cancers, stages of cancer, and treatment methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the fear of cancer recurrence in the patients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants based on Simonelli's theory of the fear of cancer recurrence. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted. From October 2020 to January 2021, a total of 83 patients who were diagnosed with hematopoietic cancer at C university hospital in Seoul and who had received hematopoietic stem cell transplants were surveyed using questionnaires and electronic medical records. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients were at high risk of fear of cancer recurrence (68.7%). The regression model explained that distress, quality of life, and gender were the main factors influencing the fear of cancer recurrence, which can explain 43.2% of the total variation. Conclusion: In order to reduce the fear of cancer recurrence in patients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants, a nursing plan to reduce the psychosocial factors of the patients should be developed. In this way, nurses can assist patients in solving problems after transplantation and in adapting to daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted so as to determine a hypothetical model concerning factors affecting breast cancer patients' resilience. Methods: Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire from 212 patients with breast cancer between July 25 and August 24, 2020. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: The model supported 7 of the 11 presented hypotheses for all participants. Test results indicated that "hope", "uncertainty", and "symptom experience" all directly affected participants' resilience, and that "uncertainty" also affected participants', "depression" and "hope". "Spiritual well-being" affected participants' sense of "hope" and "symptom experience". Of these variables, "hope" had the strongest direct influence on resilience across all participants. "Uncertainty" was found to directly and indirectly affect participants, whereas "spiritual well-being" indirectly affected the resilience of all participants. "Uncertainty" and "spiritual well-being" indirectly affected the resilience of all participants. Conclusion: These results suggest that management strategies to enhance breast cancer patients' resilience should address patients' uncertainty, spiritual well-being, hope, and symptom experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was intended to clarify the concept of spiritual distress in cancer patients using the hybrid model of Schwarz-Barcott and Kim. Methods: The hybrid model was used to clarify the dimension, attributes, and definition of spiritual distress. In the theoretical phase, a systemic literature review of nursing and other disciplines was conducted. In the fieldwork phase, individual in-depth interviews were held with six cancer patients. In the final analytic phase, the results of the theoretical and fieldwork phases were integrated after comparing and reviewing. Results: The concept of spiritual distress was analyzed in three domains: a changed relationship with God, a changed relationship with the self, and a changed relationship with others. Also, 10 attributes were clarified. The changed relationship with God domain had two attributes: "low connectedness in relationship with God" and a "feeling of guilt". The changed relationship with the self domain had five attributes: "loss of self-identity", "changed meaning of life", "loss of inner peace", "dwelling on the cause of unsloved suffering", and "avoidance of confronting death". The changed relationship with others domain had three attributes: "shrunk relationships", "the feeling of being unloved and unforgivable", and "burden on family". Conclusion: The concept of spiritual distress in patients with cancer encompasses multidimensional domains and 10 attributes. To assess spiritual distress in patients with cancer based on the findings of this study, it is necessary to develop a suitable spiritual distress assessment scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to examine associations among inner strength, mood status, symptom experience, and quality of life in women with lung cancer and to investigate whether inner strength has a moderating effect on these relationships. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to analyze 106 women with lung cancer in the National Cancer Center. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted on the influence of quality of life. For the moderating effects, the Johnson--Neyman methods were applied using the SPSS PROCESS macro. Results: The significant factors of quality of life were inner strength, symptom experiences, total mood disturbance, accounting for 70.7% of the variance. Inner strength had a moderating effect on the relationship between total mood disturbance and quality of life. This means that when women have higher inner strength, there is a significantly less negative effect of total mood disturbance on quality of life. Conclusion: Female patients with lung cancer who experienced inner strength can improve the quality of life as well as reduce the negative impact of mood status on the quality of life. Therefore, these findings support the theory of inner strength and provide nurses with an opportunity to foster the development of this theory in female cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study is a descriptive correlation research to test the mediating effect of spiritual well-being in the relationship between posttraumatic growth and health promotion behaviors of cancer patients. Methods: The data were collected from 145 cancer patients of three hospitals. The instruments were Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and Spiritual Well-Being Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression using Baron and Kenny's steps for mediation. Results: The mean score for posttraumatic growth was 3.57. The mean score was 2.98 for health promotion behaviors. The mean score for spiritual well-being was 2.96. There were significant correlations among the variables, posttraumatic growth, health promotion behaviors, and spiritual well-being. Spiritual well-being was directly affected by posttraumatic growth (Adj R²=25). Health promotion behaviors were directly affected by posttraumatic growth (Adj R²=26). Posttraumatic growth and spiritual well-being affected health promotion behaviors (Adj R²=31). Spiritual well-being had a partial mediating effect (β=.25, p<.001) on the relationship between posttraumatic growth and health promotion behaviors (Sobel test: Z=2.84, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on managing posttraumatic growth and increasing spiritual wellbeing are highly recommended to improve health promotion behaviors in cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of posttraumatic growth and health promoting behavior on quality of life (QOL) of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, descriptive design. Participants were 142 patients with gastrointestinal cancer who were seen at Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences in Busan. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results: The results show that QOL had a significant correlation with posttraumatic growth (r=.24, p=.004) and health promoting behavior (r=.49, p<.001). Posttraumatic growth had a significant correlation with health promoting behavior (r=.54, p<.001). Multiple regression analysis for QOL revealed that the most powerful predictor was stress management in the sub-area of health promoting behavior. Stress management, coping skills, preciousness of life, diagnosis and duration since diagnosis explained 38.0% of the variance in QOL. Conclusion: Findings indicate that various factors are related to the QOL of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Based on the results of this study, further development and application of specific nursing programs to improve posttraumatic growth and health promoting behavior with a focus on improving stress management and coping ability, are needed to improve the QOL of gastrointestinal cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate family support and medical staff support and their mediating effects in the relationship between self-efficacy and resilience in patients with colorectal cancer with stoma. Methods: The participants were 170 patients with colorectal cancer who were hospitalized or receiving treatment for colorectal anus surgery in general hospitals located in B, D, and I cities. Data were collected from July 1 to October 25, 2019 through a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple linear regression analysis, and the bootstrapping method with SPSS/WIN 25.0 and the PROCESS macro program. Results: The mean score for resilience was 2.70±0.62 (range 0~4). Resilience was significantly associated with self-efficacy (r=.59, p<.001), family support (r=.38, p<.001), and medical staff support (r=.37, p<.001). Using Baron and Kenny's approach and PROCESS macro model 4, resilience was found to be affected by self-efficacy (β=.53, p<.001). Further, family support (β=.25, p<.001) and medical staff support (β=.39, p<.001) were affected by self-efficacy. The partial mediating effects of family support (β=.25, p<.001, 95% confidence interval 0.01~0.12) and medical staff support (β=.15, p=.022, 95% confidence interval 0.01~0.16) in the impact of self-efficacy on resilience were confirmed. Conclusion: The impact of self-efficacy on resilience was mediated by family support and medical staff support in patients with colorectal cancer with stoma. The results suggest that family and medical staff support need to be considered in developing nursing interventions to improve self-efficacy and resilience in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore healthcare professionals' experience of talking about the fear of cancer recurrence with cancer survivors. Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 healthcare professionals at two university hospitals in South Korea from August to September 2019. Interviewed healthcare professionals were oncologists and oncology nurses who had at least five years of experience in caring for cancer survivors. Interviews were recorded and transcribed for qualitative content analysis. Results: Participants agreed that most cancer survivors experience fear of cancer recurrence on some level. However, health care professionals rarely heard the word 'recurrence' directly from cancer survivors, and they responded to cancer survivors' concern about recurrence differently. Some of them intervened in the cancer survivors' problems actively but some had minimum communication with cancer survivors. Health professionals believed that interventions were necessary not only for the survivors but also for themselves. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals need education or training on how to respond to and manage cancer survivors' fear of recurrence in clinical settings, considering its impact on survivors' quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate and collect literature related to the effects of depression intervention programs on depression of breast cancer patients in Korea, and review these precedent studies on the effectiveness of depression intervention programs through meta-analysis. Method: To achieve a systematic literature review, a review question was defined according to PICO-SD: "How do depression intervention programs affect depression reduction in breast cancer participants compared to the control group?" The subjects of this study were research papers on depression intervention programs, which were released in Korea between 1990 and February 2020. Through the literature quality assessment in accordance with the SIGN (2012) Guidelines on Quality Assessment, a total of 30 pieces were selected as the final subjects of this study. Result: The overall effect size of a total of 30 pieces was -3.92 (95% CI: -4.82, -3.03, p<.001), which indicates that these depression intervention programs have a great effect on depression reduction. Conclusion: Intervention in depression of breast cancer patients in Korea is considered to contribute to improving the quality of their life and the ability to manage their symptoms, thus helping them have a positive meaning of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine lifestyle behaviors, mental health, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and identify the effects of lifestyle behaviors and mental health on the HRQoL of cancer survivors and general adults. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted. The data used in the study were drawn from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII-2 (January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017). A sample of 190 cancer survivors (mean age, 65.12 years; women, 63.7%) and 1,815 general adults (mean age, 52.67 years; women, 52.6%) was used, focusing on demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors (including tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and eating behavior), and mental health (including sleeping hours, stress, and depressive symptoms). Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical stepwise multiple regression were performed to analyze the data. Results: The overall mean of HRQoL for all the participants was 0.96±0.08 (0.93±0.11 for cancer survivors and 0.97±0.08 for general adults). For cancer survivors, age, depressive symptoms, and moderate intensity physical activity were associated with HRQoL (adjusted R²=.180, p<.001). For general adults, age, education level, economic activity, income level, walking, sodium intake, depressive symptoms, and stress were associated with HRQoL (adjusted R²=.165, p<.001). Conclusion: Cancer survivors had lower HRQoL than general adults. Differences were found in the factors associated with HRQOL in cancer survivors and general adults. Therefore, customized health programs and policies should be developed and provided for each group to improve their HRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand the lived experience of illness among older females with cancer in South Korea. Methods: Data were collected from May to December of 2019 through individual in-depth interviews with eight older females with cancer who have undergone thorough cancer diagnosis and treatments. Transcribed data were analyzed using the hermeneutic phenomenological method developed by van Manen. Results: Six essential themes emerged: old body physically devastated through the fight against cancer; tug of war for symbiosis between cancer and the old body; home that does not provide comfort anymore; twilight years with no regrets even with cancer; womanhood to keep for a lifetime even in old age; and putting pieces together of the relationships around oneself. Conclusion: Based on the participants' illness experience, efforts need to be made to develop and implement effective strategies to improve nurses' understanding of the life experiences of illness among older females with cancer in the Korean socio-cultural context, and to provide patient and family-centered nursing interventions that reflect patients' age and gender characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors associated with the occurrence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and to study its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: In total, 137 women with breast cancer who had undergone more than one cycle of chemotherapy were recruited for this descriptive study from the outpatient department of a university hospital in Incheon, Korea. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire, which included the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-CIPN20 and EORTC QLQ-C30. Results: The mean CIPN score between patients was 13.57 on the sensory scale, 15.87 on the motor scale, and 25.06 on the autonomic scale. Of the studied socio-demographic, disease and treatment, and health behavior-related factors, only the chemotherapy regimen was significantly associated with CIPN (t = 2.50, p= .013). Taxane-based chemotherapy was significantly related to higher CIPN scores. Regression analyses revealed that CIPN was a factor that was significantly influential on HRQoL, adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical factors. Conclusion: This study suggests that oncology nurses need to be aware of the increased risk of CIPN in patients with breast cancer undergoing taxane-based chemotherapy. In addition, interventions for alleviating CIPN may be required to improve HRQoL among these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In order to implement effective nursing interventions in operative procedures, it is necessary to understand the patients' care requirements. The aim of this study was to investigate the operating room experiences of patients with breast cancer. Methods: The study was conducted from November 15, to December 28, 2018. Participants were recruited through an objective sampling method and included eight women who had undergone breast cancer surgery within the last 10 years. Interviews were conducted with the participants until no new data were obtained. Qualitative data were analyzed using the 6-stage phenomenological analysis method of Colaizzi. Results: Three categories were identified across 18 themes and 8 theme clusters. For the category "before entering the operating room", participants experienced crossing the threshold of death, mixed feelings of regret and resentment, and discomfort due to the gaze of unfamiliar people. With regard to "when entering the operating room", participants experienced uneasiness owing to the cold environment and the medical procedures. However, they felt comforted with the attentiveness of the medical staff. Finally, regarding the category "after leaving the operating room", participants experienced a sense of relief that the cancer cells were removed but expressed distress concerning the obstacles in follow-up care. Conclusion: The results indicate the necessity of understanding the experiences of breast cancer patients undergoing surgery and developing effective nursing interventions for these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated lifestyle, depression, marital intimacy, and quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer survivors, with the goal of identifying the impacts of these factors on QoL. Methods: A sample of 146 breast cancer survivors was surveyed in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected from March 20 to May 30, 2019, using self-report structured questionnaires at a hospital located in Jeonju, Korea. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analysis. Participants agreed to complete a face-to-face interview, including administration of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-Depression Scale, Marital Intimacy Scale, and Functional Assess- ment Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer tool. Results: QoL was positively correlated with lifestyle (r=.49, p<.001) and marital intimacy (r=.45, p<.001) and negatively correlated with depression (r=--.72, p<.001). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that depression (β=--0.63, p<.001), marital intimacy (β=0.19, p=.001), and lifestyle (β=0.13, p=.031) had significant effects on the QoL of breast cancer survivors, accounting for 63.3% of variance in related QoL. Conclusion: This study provides insights into how breast cancer survivors' QoL was influenced by depression, marital intimacy, and lifestyle. To improve the QoL of breast cancer survivors, healthcare providers should consider developing strategies to decrease depression, to increase marital intimacy, and to improve lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors relating to commitment to a plan for exercise in the breast cancer patient following a mastectomy and to examine the relationship between these factors. Methods: This study was a correlational research and the participants were 152 patients with breast cancer. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from June to October, 2015. Results: The final regression model showed that income, experience of exercise and current exercise were significant predictors related to commitment to a plan for exercise in patients with breast cancer and explained for 65.9% of the variance in commitment to a plan for exercise. Conclusion: The findings indicate that patients in breast cancer-oriented intervention programs have an enhancing experience of exercise. Current exercise should be provided for patients with breast cancer in order to promote health and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the processes of adaptation lung cancer patients undergo by examining their social interactions with medical staff, families, and other patients during hospitalization. Methods: Data were collected from February 2017 to January 2018 for a qualitative research study based on in-depth interviews with 10 participants who were inpatients at a cancer treatment hospital. Data were analyzed using the grounded theory of Corbin and Strauss. Results: Through comparative analysis, we identified the central phenomenon of the study was, 'living in a body that is not related to one's own will.' The causal conditions were, 'hit by a bolt out of the blue' and 'a disease that I do not want to inform others of.' The contextual conditions were, 'an encounter with reality' and 'breaking down the wall of fear.' The intervention conditions included, 'finding comfort in adversity,' 'a loaf of bread is better than the song of many birds,' and 'the communion of the same situation.' Action/interaction strategies included 'sharing information,' 'a word of encouragement,' and 'accepting the wave of change.' Finally, the perceived consequences were 'life redesign' and 'a life journey with limited time.' Conclusion: This study describes the processes underlying how patients find meaning in their lives after a diagnosis of lung cancer. Based on their experiences, it is necessary to offer nursing interventions including admission rooms, equipment, and instruments to meet the unique needs of patients. The findings indicate that inpatient treatment for lung cancer needs more meaningful and effective management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The awareness of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) and BRCA testing is increasing in Korea. Compared to the sizable research on HBOC knowledge among breast cancer women, studies in the ovarian cancer population are limited. This paper aimed to investigate the level of knowledge of hereditary ovarian cancer and anxiety in women diagnosed with serous ovarian cancer in Korea and determine differences in the knowledge and anxiety according to whether genetic testing was undertaken and whether BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations were present. Methods: Using a descriptive research design, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 100 women diagnosed with serous ovarian cancer at N hospital in Gyeonggi-do, Korea, from July to November 2018. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent f-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The hereditary ovarian cancer-related knowledge score was mid-level (mean score 8.90±3.29 out of a total of 17), as was the state anxiety level was mid-level (mean score 47.96±3.26 out of possible score range of 20-80). Genetic knowledge of hereditary ovarian cancer was associated with age, education, occupation, genetic counseling, and BRCA mutations. There were no statistically significant factors related to anxiety and there were no statistically significant correlations between knowledge level and anxiety. Conclusion: More comprehensive education on gene-related cancer is needed for ovarian cancer patients, especially for items with low knowledge scores. A genetic counseling protocol should be developed to allow more patients to alleviate their anxiety through genetic counseling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of self-efficacy and depression on the sense of family coherence in both cancer patients and their caregivers using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) analysis. Methods: A total of 274 patients were registered in the study, including 137 cancer patients who were undergoing chemotherapy in a day care ward and 137 primary caregivers. The data was collected from December 30, 2017 to July 30, 2018. Data were analyzed by the data analysis method using SPSS/WIN 20.0 (SPSS Korea Data Solution Inc) and AMOS 21.0 (SPSS Korea Data Solution Inc). Results: Self-efficacy of cancer patients had a direct effect on patient depression (β=-.24, p=.008). Self-efficacy of primary caregivers also had a direct effect on patient depression (β=-.51, p<.001). Factors significantly affecting cancer patient FSOC were cancer patient self-efficacy (β=.34, p<.001) and cancer patient depression (β=-.42, p<.001). Factors significantly affecting primary caregiver FSOC (Family Sense of Coherence) were cancer patient self-efficacy (β=.13, p=.026) and caregiver depression (β=-.29, p=.008). Conclusion: It is thought that self-efficacy and depression should be controlled to improve the family cohesion of cancer patients and their primary caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]