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Purpose: This study aimed to understand and describe the experiences of patients and their families who have received medical services from advanced practice nurses in tertiary general hospitals in Korea. Methods: Data were collected through four focus group interviews with 20 patients and their families who had received medical services from advanced practice nurses for more than six months at four tertiary hospitals from November 29 to December 28, 2023. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The four themes extracted from the experiences of patients and their families were as follows: unfamiliar medical personnel encountered during the treatment process, healthcare professionals who exhibited excellence, companions to light my way through the tunnel of illness, and an advanced practice nurse system that must be activated urgently. Conclusion: The study's findings indicate that patients and their families view the care provided by advanced practice nurses as excellent, reliable, and holistic. Research suggests that advanced practice nurses are valuable healthcare professionals in team-based care. The findings suggest that hospitals should utilize an advanced practice nurse system to improve patient outcomes and ensure the quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to explore traumatic experiences and posttraumatic growth among Korean veterans. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using photovoice. Purposive sampling strategies yielded five veterans who had experienced traumatic events. Participants engaged in three discussion sessions between August 5, 2023, and October 28, 2023. The collected data were analyzed using photovoice document analysis and thematic analysis. Results: Study results identified the following themes: 'The collapse of my life as a result massive trauma,' 'Sinking into endless isolation and disconnection,' 'The process of finding myself through reflection,' and 'My life journey moving forward together.' Despite the irreversible damage caused by traumatic experiences during military service, the participants continuously reflected on the meaning of their trauma and posttraumatic growth, thereby recovering their authentic selves. Conclusion: Veterans who have experienced traumatic events face severe difficulties, however through their efforts at recovery, they recognize the individuals they are now. This study suggests the need for social support and highlights the necessity of providing various opportunities and policy assistance to traumatized veterans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study identified the influence of self-leadership, managers' authentic leadership, and nurses' organizational culture relationships on hospital nurses' organizational silence. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-method study was conducted. For the quantitative portion, 138 nurses from seven hospitals participated. For the qualitative portion, ten nurses with high organizational silence scores were interviewed. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 26.0. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis using NVivo 12.0. Results: Quantitative results indicated that self-expectations and a relation-oriented culture explained 14.0% of the variance in acquiescent silence. The combined effect of rehearsal, constructive thought, and relational transparency associated with managers' authentic leadership on prosocial silence was 15.0%. Qualitative results revealed eight primary themes related to organizational silence: 1) being unable to voice my opinion because I feel insignificant, 2) things that middle managers cannot say, 3) earnest managers, 4) receptive managers, 5) indifferent managers, 6) feeling of camaraderie, 7) selective silence based on performance, and 8) mandatory following of directives. Conclusion: Programs to improve managers' leadership skills and reduce hospital nurses' organizational silence should be implemented consistently. Hospitals should strive to foster a positive and equitable organizational culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the non-contact nursing experiences of clinical nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A qualitative research design applying thematic analysis was used. The participants were purposive sampled from three institutes: a tertiary hospital, a general hospital, and a residential treatment center in Seoul. Data were collected between December 2021 and January 2022 through individual in-depth interviews with 12 clinical nurses. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's method to identify the meaning of the participants' experiences. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the fields where the participants performed non-contact nursing included intensive care units and isolation wards of hospitals, a residential treatment center, and home cares. Their tasks in non-contact nursing commonly involved remote monitoring using digital devices or equipment, consultation and education. From their experiences performing tasks in these fields, the four theme clusters and nine themes were derived. The four theme clusters are as follows: (1) Confusion of nursing role; (2) Conflict due to insufficient support system; (3) Concern about the quality of nursing; (4) Reflection on the establishment of nursing professionalism. Conclusion: This study highlights the necessity for institutionalizing professional nursing areas, nursing education, and practical support by clarifying the purpose and goals of non-contact nursing and developing nursing knowledge through frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Social support is essential for postpartum well-being, but little is known about the postpnatal social support preferred by primiparous women. This study aimed to comprehensively understand and describe the meaning of postnatal social support experience in primiparous women. Methods: The participants were seven primiparous women who were within 1 year after childbirth, recruited through purposive and snowball sampling from an online parenting community. The data were collected through in-depth interviews from November 14 to 28, 2022. Participants were interviewed face-to-face or via phone or online platform, according to their choice. Colaizzi's phenomenological qualitative research method was applied to analyze the meaning of the participants' experience. Results: Five theme clusters and fourteen themes were identified from the data. The five theme clusters are as follows: (1) Shortcomings of the childbirth and postpartum care system I learned through my experience; (2) Government policies focusing on childbirth and child-rearing rather than postpartum recovery; (3) Driving force of postpartum recovery: Shared childbirth process; (4) Childcare on my own; and (5) Conflicted between being a stay-at-home mom and a working mom under inadequate maternity protection policies. Conclusion: Despite postpartum support from the government that was perceived as inadequate, first-time mothers regained confidence and motivation for parenting with the help of family, peers, and social networks. First-time mothers need support from professionals and reliable online communities for postpartum recovery and parenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Patient handovers are critical for patient safety. Studies have shown that nurses are often interrupted during handovers, and standardized guidelines are lacking. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a new handover method for emergency nurses. Methods: This quasi-experimental study implemented a new handover method from August 1, 2022, at the emergency department of a university hospital. Pre- (34 responses) and post- (16 responses, six months later) surveys and post-interviews (six participants) were conducted. In the pre-survey, data were collected regarding handover-related characteristics, cause of handover error, handover perception and handover error experience. Data regarding handover perception and handover error experience were obtained again at the post-survey. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to compare handover perception and handover error experience. The interview results were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in information quality or interaction and support, but the new handover method was more efficient, and handover errors decreased. Four themes were identified from interview responses. Conclusion: By providing a quiet place and allowing emergency nurses to independently review patient records during handovers, we expect to maintain nursing continuity, increase efficiency, and ultimately ensure patient safety and nurses' job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study performed an integrated review based on Roy's adaptation modes of physiological-physical and psycho-social integration to identify health problems and measure health management of child and adolescent cancer survivors. Methods: Based on 'Whittemore and Knafl's stages' of an integrative review process (problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation of the results), six databases (Google Scholar, CINAHL, PubMed, RISS, KISS, and DBpia) were used to retrieve relevant articles. A total of 992 variables were collected from 14 studies published between 2011 and 2023. Results: Three thematic categories were identified: physiological-physical and psycho-social health problems (fatigue, diminished physical activity, physical sequela, sleep disorders, endocrine problems, bullying, and prejudice), daily self care management(lifestyles integrating health promotion, adaptation processes, and self-care), and preventive health management(utilization of health checkups and screening tests). Conclusion: Nursing interventions that can result in a healthy lifestyle for child and adolescent cancer survivors should be further examined at the individual, community, and national levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose : The demand for skilled critical care nurses and the significant impact of the practice-readiness gap underscore the need for educational programs bridging nursing education and clinical practice. This would ensure safe, high-quality patient care and a stable workforce. This study aimed to explore the educational needs of critical care nurses to develop an essential nursing education program for nursing students, addressing the practice-readiness gap they may encounter as new nurses. Methods : The study espoused a qualitative approach by utilizing focus group interviews conducted in South Korea in April and May 2022. A total of 11 nurses participated in the study. Data were collected from three focus groups, each consisting of three to four nurses from intensive care units. Focus group interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. Content analysis was performed on the interview data using thematic analysis. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the institutional review board. Results : Nursing education programs in intensive care units should prioritize fundamental nursing competencies such as basic nursing and physical examinations. Participants' critical care nursing education needs were categorized into four main themes: holistic nursing competency, advancement of practical education, skilled communication, and systematic critical care nursing education. Conclusion : The study's findings provide valuable insights and guidelines for developing critical and intensive care nursing education programs tailored for nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Recent studies have focused on policies aimed at supporting the independence of individuals with disabilities in communities. As part of this initiative, supportive housing, integrated care, and residential spaces offer tailored services based on individual needs and autonomy. The attitudes and knowledge of the administrators supporting supportive housing residents regarding health management can influence the well-being of individuals with disabilities. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the challenges faced by supporting housing workers in enhancing the self-management skills of individuals with disabilities. Methods: In this qualitative study, focus group interviews were conducted in August 2023 with nine administrators working to support housing in Seoul. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Results: The needs and challenges in enhancing the self-management skills of individuals with disabilities were as follows: (1) the complexity of health management challenges, (2) bidirectional strategies for strengthening health management capabilities, and (3) support for systematic health management. Additionally, eight subthemes were derived. Conclusion: By investigating the difficulties experienced and identifying the necessary support requirements for supportive housing workers, this study seeks to uncover insights and identifies areas for improvement and strategies for health management. This study acknowledges the educational and institutional support necessary to improve the health and quality of life of individuals with disabilities residing in supportive housing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study aimed to understand the semantic structure and nature of the disease experience of kidney transplant recipients with kidney graft failure by applying phenomenological research methods. Methods: Data were collected between February and September 2021 through individual in-depth interviews with 12 kidney transplant recipients with kidney graft failure. Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the meaning of the participants' illness experiences. Results: 5 theme clusters and 15 themes were derived. The five theme clusters are as follows: (1) First transplant giving me a second life; (2) Body and mind becoming sick again; (3) Waiting for a re-transplant with hope and worry; (4) Life supported by gratefulness; (5) Having control over my own life. Conclusion: This study shows that kidney transplant recipients with kidney graft failure experience physical and psychological difficulties during the long disease period and require help from many people, including family members, friends, colleagues, and health care providers, to overcome their difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the impact of AI-based English education on the AI literacy and perceptions of Korean middleschool EFL learners. A cohort of 225 participants engaged in an eight-week English course utilizing generative AI tool, specifically, ChatGPT 3.5 and Reading Progress. AI literacy skills were assessed using pre- and post-surveys, revealing a significant increase (p < .001), particularly in ‘Understanding and Utilizing AI Principles’. Complementing the quantitative data, a qualitative thematic analysis provided insights into learners’ perceptions across educational, technological, and affective domains. The educational benefits of ChatGPT and Reading Progress, such as enhanced pronunciation and increased individual practice opportunities, were emphasized. The technological dimension was positively regarded due to its usability, although challenges in voice recognition and user interface discomfort were reported. From an affective perspective, students reported an increased sense of novelty and confidence, despite concerns regarding the necessity for continuous camera usage and a decrease in motivation for sustained use. This study offers pedagogical implications for effective English instruction using AI tools among adolescent English learners in Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to examine general nurses' nursing leadership in patient care using focus group interviews. Methods: This study was conducted after obtaining approval from the ethics committee of a university. After completing a focus group interview with 13 general nurses working at a general hospital, we performed qualitative content analysis according to Kreuger's guidelines. Results: A total of 170 meaningful statement units of nursing leadership that appeared in the clinical experience of general nurses were extracted, and 10 final sub-themes and the three themes connecting them were derived. The themes derived were "leading patients into nursing," "experiencing the power of growth," and "facilitating situations that allow focus on patient care." Conclusion: This study helps in understanding the nursing leadership of general nurses in patient care. To encourage general nurses to exert their nursing leadership and grow as autonomous nurses, nursing educators must appropriately present the learning outcomes and content of nursing leadership. Additionally, in the clinical setting, organizational support is necessary to foster understanding and the demonstration of general nurses' nursing leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of final-year undergraduate nursing students in observing the use of physical restraints on patients in the course of clinical practice. Methods: Three focus group interviews were conducted with 12 Korean nursing students who could provide sufficient information about their observation of physical restraints. The collected data was analyzed through conventional content analysis. Results: The data were classified into four theme clusters, and nine themes. The four theme clusters included 'recognized as an unavoidable means,' 'experienced problems with the use of physical restraints,' 'realized the importance of the nurse's role and efforts,' and 'aspire to learn about correct use of physical restraints.' While nursing students recognized the necessities and problems of using physical restraints in clinical practice, and the importance of nurses' role and effort, the results found that education related to the use of physical restraints should be more systematic within the nursing curriculum. Conclusion: This study highlights the necessity of educating nursing students to ensure they acquire accurate knowledge and awareness regarding the use of physical restraints, and suggests the inclusion of systematic guidelines through simulation or extracurricular activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study examined the perceptions of emergency nurses regarding family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) in light of the international emphasis on family-centered care in the medical field and aimed to reach a progressive new understanding of family-centered care. Methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 15 emergency room nurses with over 3 years of experience in participating in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from February to September 2021, and thematic analysis was employed for data analysis. Results: Four themes emerged: "unfamiliarity with FPDR," "burden of accommodating family presence," "realization of the significance of family presence," and "overcoming the practical barriers to the realization of FPDR" along with 14 sub-themes. The participants felt that having family members present in the emergency setting was impractical and raised concerns about possible conflicts between families and nurses. However, despite these worries, they acknowledged the value of this experience in fostering unity and providing comfort during the therapeutic process. They also recognized the significance of taking practical steps to ensure effective family presence. Conclusion: Emergency nurses were unfamiliar with the concept of FPDR. While accommodating family presence in an emergency setting can pose burdens and challenges, they recognized the significant positive aspects of togetherness. Therefore, to effectively implement FPDR in a way that benefits healthcare professionals and families, it is necessary to establish specific protocols and education for FPDR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose : This study aimed to identify and describe the leadership experience of advanced practice nurses (APN). Methods : Data were collected through five focus group interviews in 2022 with a total of 24 APNs in groups of 4-6 participants. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results : Nine categories emerged from three main themes. First, "Roles of APN leadership" comprised a trusted clinical expert, a moderator for the entire team, a resource person for nurturing the next generation, and a change agent for improving clinical practice. Second, "Facilitators and barriers to APN leadership" included ambiguity of APN role, support system, and institutional backing. Third, "Strategies for strengthening APN leadership competencies" comprised systematic leadership education and speaking up for APNs. Conclusion : APNs are passionate about their expertise and practice, but lack the legal and organizational authority and support to provide successive leadership. Systematic education including leadership and organizational advocacy will enable APN to provide leadership that benefits patients, institutions, and the wider healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study aim was to examine Korean TV documentaries featuring nurses and to understand how the image of nurses has changed over time. Methods: Forty-one Korean documentaries featuring nurses were selected. The qualitative content analysis method of Elo and Kyngäs (2008) was used to identify the images of nurses. Results: Three themes emerged: "emphasis on the image of being a doctor's assistant and caring person," "image of kindness prevailing among the diverse roles of nurses," and "reports on the poor labor conditions behind the positive images of nurses." The image of nurses has gradually changed from performing a passive and auxiliary role to functioning as health care professionals. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, documentaries suggested that the poor labor conditions of nurses should be improved. Conclusion: Active publicity of nurses and nursing communities is needed using documentaries as a resource to inform the public of the various roles of nurses and promote the image of nurses as professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore nurses’ perception of their roles in shared decision-making about caring for older adults with a chronic disease. Methods: This study was a qualitative descriptive study. Ten nurses participated in the focus group interviews. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to explore nurses’ roles in shared decision-making about caring for older adults with a chronic disease. Results: Nurses' shared decision-making experiences about caring for older adults with a chronic disease yielded four main themes and ten categories including ‘facilitating involvement in decision-making’, ‘providing information for decision-making’, ‘respecting patient values and preferences’, ‘evaluating the outcome of decision-making’. Conclusion: This study explored nurses' roles in shared decision-making about caring for older adults with a chronic disease. Nurses can enhance the shared decision-making process by identifying the decision needs and facilitating decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the influence of ChatGPT on Korean pre-service English teachers' summary writing skills, utilizing a qualitative research approach. The participants included 25 pre-service English teachers, each assigned the task of engaging with ChatGPT during their summary writing revision. Data were collected through participants' initial drafts, revised summaries, reflective journals, in-depth interviews, and surveys. Thematic analysis was employed to scrutinize the influence of ChatGPT on participants' summary writing. The results identified key themes categorized into pedagogical, technical and affective aspects. On the pedagogical aspect, the utilization of ChatGPT led to improved lexical choices, enhanced organizational revisions, and heightened awareness of content inclusion and exclusion. Additionally, participants benefited from continuous, individualized, and technically immediate feedback. These pedagogical and technical benefits subsequently influenced participants' affective perspectives towards ChatGPT, with reports of reduced writing anxiety, increased confidence in summary writing, and a more positive attitude towards the willingness to use of ChatGPT. This study emphasizes the value of ChatGPT as a tool for enhancing summary writing competencies and fostering positive pedagogical and affective attitudes among pre-service English teachers. It underlines the potential for integrating ChatGPT into English writing teaching methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to comprehensively understand and describe the meaning of physical activity for managing menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women. Methods: This study targeted middle-aged women with menopausal symptoms who participated in regular exercise at least three times a week for more than 12 weeks. Nine participants were individually interviewed via in-depth face-to-face interviews, and participatory observation was also employed. Colaizzi's phenomenological qualitative research method was applied for analysis. Results: Participants were asked, "What does it means to participate in physical activity at this time of your life?" Fourteen codes, six themes, and three theme clusters were derived for the meaning of physical activity for managing menopausal symptoms these middle-aged women. The six themes were "reviving the exhausted body and mind," "being free from the yoke of pain," "being settled in life," "finding oneself and becoming altruistic," "striving while anticipating change," and "equipping the body and mind." The three theme clusters were "overcoming my past pain," "taking the initiative for today's life," and "moving towards new change." Conclusion: The narratives revealed that physical activity allowed women to overcome menopausal symptoms, the burden of relationships, and stress, thereby enabling them to make positive changes in their lives and have expectations for the future. Thus, physical activity was a positive force in a healthy menopausal transition for women with menopausal symptoms. The findings of this study can be used to encourage physical activity in peri-menopausal women and to develop physical activity programs for managing menopausal symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to provide essential data for measures to enhance the professionalism of nursing experts and improve understanding of the explanationnurse's identity by examining their working experience in depth. Methods: Data were collected from August 12 through October 07, 2021. Participants were 13 explanation nurses with more than five years of nursing experience. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis. Results: Three theme clusters emerged from the data analysis: "Confusion from work that does not affect the identity of an explanation nurse", "Entirely fulfilling role as a nursing professional", and "Crave for the organization's support system for independent job performance". Conclusion: Earlier in the department change, nurses had difficulty establishing their identity regarding the explanation duties they must perform. Still, they wanted to continue their explanation work after struggling to pioneer and carry out their duties with expertise . Therefore, hospitals must support explanation nurses with a structural system as they begin their role to adapt to their work and strengthen their professionalism so that these nurses may provide a higher level of explanation nursing and patient-centered care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Cancer survivors and family caregivers may experience a vague sense of fear or worry about the possibility of recurrence. The family caregivers of cancer survivors experience numerous psychological hardships because, depending on the patient's state, they must play various roles and accompany the patient through a series of events. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the nature and structure of the experiences of family caregivers of cancer survivors in relation to the fear of cancer recurrence. Additionally, it sought to obtain the central meanings associated with these experiences. Methods: We recruited four adult family caregivers of patients who were diagnosed with cancer between February and October 2020. The caregiver participants voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. To analyze their experiences regarding fear of cancer recurrence, we collected data using the qualitative case study and by conducting individual in-depth interviews. Results: Family caregivers' experiences comprised four themes ("Standing at the edge of a cliff," "Ambushed by worries," "Anxiety I never want to experience again," and "Making efforts to relieve anxiety") and 11 subthemes. Conclusion: Family caregivers of cancer survivors experience daily psychological hardships owing to fear of cancer recurrence. It is important to identify the unmet needs of family caregivers and provide practical and professional nursing interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of work-study balance among clinical nurses in a nursing doctoral program. Methods: The participants were nine clinical nurses in a nursing doctoral program. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with participants from March 16 to March 31. Giorgi's phenomenological method, consisting of four steps, was used for analysis. Results: Through the in-depth interviews of the participants, five essential themes and 11 sub-themes were derived. The five categories were "difficulty in actively demonstrating research capabilities as a doctoral student in the clinical field", "hard to devote oneself to both studying and clinical work while straddling between them", "need support from both schools and hospitals for compatibility between work and study", "prioritizing oneself as a clinical nurse over oneself as a student during the Ph.D. program", and "seeking an extended role after graduating from the nursing doctoral program". Conclusion: In order to help and support nursing doctoral students working as nurses, policies must be developed in schools and hospitals to support them. It is also suggested to establish a favorable environment for conducting nursing research in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore needs for discharge education of family caregivers of pediatric patients through an integrated literature review. Methods: A systematic search was performed using four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO) guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Data were extracted, categorized, and analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The quality of each study reviewed was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools (MMAT). Results: In total, 10 studies that were published between January 2012 and December 2021 were included. The MMAT quality scores ranged from 60% to 100%. In this review, needs for discharge education were categorized into contents, methods, and materials. Conclusion: Pediatrics patients' families wanted to receive clear and standardized discharge education using visual materials. In addition, they wanted to receive education in a separate place, without their children present, and with sufficient time. Thus, for effective discharge education, standardized educational methods should be developed, and visual materials, such as simulations and videos, should be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the weight loss experience of highly obese young people who underwent bariatric surgery. Methods: Data were collected, from October 2021 to April 2022, through individual in-depth interviews with eight highly obese young adults who underwent bariatric surgery and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: The following four theme clusters were extracted. First, 'The unbearable sorrow of obese people' explains the process of choosing bariatric surgery after fluctuations and frustration despite countless repeated weight loss attempts. Second, 'The impact aftermath of bariatric surgery' revealed participants struggling in the face of unexpected changes due to bariatric surgery. Third, 'Efforts to rebuild a healthy myself' demonstrated the struggle to regain health by using the surrounding support system to overcome the difficulties of this surgical procedure. Lastly, 'Facing life by getting rid of the yoke of obesity' displayed the experiences of the participants who felt ambivalent about their changed appearance, but coping positively with the new life. Conclusion: This study provides an in-depth understanding of the weight loss experiences of highly obese adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery and presents a new perspective on clinical practice. The results of this study are expected to be useful in developing and applying systematic and customized nursing interventions before and after bariatric surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the experiences and perceptions of nursing students related to their cadaver practice through an integrative review. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using Whittemore and Knafl’s framework published in 2005. The key words, “nursing students & cadaver” and “nursing students & anatomy” were used to search peer-reviewed publications in six databases. Among 373 searched articles, 15 articles were selected after excluding articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria. The literature quality was moderate (levels C and B). Results: The results from the 15 selected studies were integrated and classified into seven themes: “anxiety and discomfort,” “gratitude and respect for donors,” “dignity of the human body and life,” “acceptance of death,” “getting closer to the nursing profession,” “enhanced understanding and memory of the human body” and “enhancement of learning motivation.” Conclusion: In conclusion, cadaver practice provided an opportunity to form values about the dignity of life and death, helped nursing students understand the human body, and motivated them to approach the profession of nursing. It is suggested to develop integrated cadaver practice programs that incorporate bioethics, spiritual nursing, and the vocation of the nursing profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the health-management experiences of older women living alone during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic through the photovoice method. The research question was as follows: “What were the physical, psychological, and social health management experiences of older women living alone during COVID-19?” Methods: Data collection was conducted by a photovoice method. We visited the homes of 8 participants aged from 80 to 89 years old in the city of Daejeon between June 23 and July 14, 2022 using purposive sampling. Results: As a result of the photovoice study, 125 photos, 15 sub-themes, and four themes were derived. The first theme was “loneliness deepened by COVID-19”, which consisted of the following sub-themes: “lack of communication due to COVID-19”, “staying in nature”, and “aggravated loneliness during COVID-19”. The second theme was “difficulty getting out of the residence”, which included the following sub-themes: “relief stress from COVID-19”, frustrated by the difficulty of going out”, “decreased orientation and going out less frequently”, and “avoiding going out for fear of falling”. The third theme was “health-care lost”, which involved the following sub-themes: “silence as giving up on life”, “asthenia due to lack of appetite”, “painful body”, “many medications and poor health”, and “treatment that doesn't help”. The last theme was “something to depend on during COVID-19”, which consisted of the following subthemes: “gratitude to care givers”, “longing for a bereaved family”, and “precarious place of residence”. Conclusion: Older women living alone experienced aggravated vulnerability and difficulty with health management due to a lack of social support during the COVID-19 period. This study suggests the need for a social safety network and vividly reveals the necessity of caregivers’ support and policy assistance for socially vulnerable populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences through which nurses overcame turnover intention when first joining the field. Methods: Study subjects included 10 nurses, each of whom had four to six years of work experience at a general hospital. The experiences of overcoming turnover intentions were analyzed from the perspectives of beginner and experienced nurses, using qualitative contents analysis as a method of deduction. Results: The subjects' turnover intention was low, with an average score of 2.25±0.35. Five themes and 15 sub-themes were extracted from their experiences. The five themes included: "gaining an understanding of the nursing scene", "experiencing a support system", "being satisfied with my job", "developing into a skilled nurse", and "overcoming and growing". Conclusion: Subjects maintained low levels of turnover intention, and they were able handle difficulty and grow into their careers as nurses. These findings may inform the development of programs to overcome turnover intention, specifically in terms of factors affecting norvice nurses' positive achievement factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study explored the experiences of pregnant women with depressed mood participating in a group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program using video communication, based on Beck's cognitive theory. Methods: The participants were six pregnant women out of 13 women who had participated in an 8-session group CBT program using video communication for women with depressed mood (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression score of ≥9). Data were collected from February 20 through March 25, 2021. Indepth individual interviews were conducted through a video conferencing platform at 1 month post-baseline. Thematic analysis was done. Results: Three themes, 10 subthemes, and 38 concepts were derived from experiences of participating in the 4-week group CBT program (twice a week). The first theme, entitled "continuing realization" had subthemes of "a negative and instable self," "a selfish judgment that excludes others," and "a strong belief in self-control." The second theme, entitled "attempt to change for restoration" had subthemes of "shift to rational thinking," "freedom from suppressed beliefs," "tolerance of other people," and "courage for self-expression." The third theme, entitled "departure for a positive life," had subthemes of "emotional healing," "faith in oneself," and "reestablishing the criteria for happiness." Conclusion: Pregnant women with depressed mood expressed that continuing realizations and attempts to change supported their transition toward a positive direction of healing. Thus, they were able to change their distorted thinking into rational thinking through CBT using video communication. These findings support the use of group CBT using video communication with pregnant women who have depressed mood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This qualitative study aimed to explore the lived and true meaning of experiences of middle-aged patients with complex regional pain syndrome. Methods: The participants were 10 men and women aged 40 to 60 years who received outpatient treatment at a university hospital, could communicate, and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected through individual interviews using open and semi-structured questions from September 2019 to July 2021 and were analyzed using the content analysis method suggested by Hsieh and Shannon (2005). Results: As a result of this study, 42 summarized semantic units related to life experience, 15 subthemes, and seven themes were derived. The seven themes were "pressed by severe pain," "frustrated because I cannot be part of the community," "distressed because people do not recognize my disease," "sad about conflicts with family," "unmotivated because of desperate life," "appreciating for support," and "putting oneself together and living daily life." Conclusion: The vivid experiences of the participants derived in this study are the basic data for developing treatment guidelines. In the future, we propose a study on life and family care experiences according to the developmental characteristics of the life cycle of patients with complex regional pain syndrome and develop and apply programs to support patients and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the meaning and essence of care experienced by long-term-care-hospital nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study is a phenomenological study by Colaizzi (1978) to understand and identify the meaning and essence of long-term-care-hospital nurses' experiences after the COVID-19 outbreak. Data collection was conducted from April to June 2021 for 10 nurses working at a long-term-care hospital. Interviews were conducted face-to-face or non-face-to-face. The face-to-face interviews were conducted in a space following COVID-19-mandated quarantine rules. Results: Seven theme clusters and 24 themes emerged: chaos experienced during the early stage of the pandemic, lack of a standardized care protocol hindering care delivery in long-term-care hospitals, sympathizing with the sorrows of patients and their families, taking the burdensome task of COVID-19 infection control as a nurse, COVID-19 vaccine-related anxiety, anger at the reality of long-term-care hospitals and the stigmatizing society, and hope for recovery from the disaster caused by COVID-19. Conclusion: This study will be helpful in establishing long-term-care policies and systems that will help improve the ability of long-term-care hospitals to cope with a pandemic in the post-COVID-19 era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the nursing management experience of Korean nurse managers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This exploratory qualitative study used individual semi-structured interviews. Data were collected from 10 nurse managers working in tertiary general hospitals in Korea from October 2020 to September 2021. Thematic analysis methods were employed to analyze interview transcripts. Results: The following four themes were derived: difficulty due to an unexpected and sudden disaster, being the center with a sense of calling and responding resolutely, gratitude toward health workers who work and endure together, and striving and rising to the challenge of preparing for future infection. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Korean nurse managers made an effort to overcome the crisis based on the sense of calling, despite many changes and challenges. Furthermore, managers expressed their gratitude to the department members working together, and they confirmed the need for system improvement to prepare for upcoming epidemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide foundational knowledge on nursing tasks performed on patients with COVID-19 in a nationally-designated inpatient treatment unit. Methods: This study employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative method investigated the content and frequency of nursing tasks for 460 patients (age ≥ 18 y, 57.4% men) from January 20, 2020, to September 30, 2021, by analyzing hospital information system records. Qualitative data were collected via focus group interviews. The study involved interviews with three focus groups comprising 18 nurses overall to assess their experiences and perspectives on nursing care during the pandemic from February 3, 2022, to February 15, 2022. The data were examined with thematic analysis. Results: Overall, 49 different areas of nursing tasks (n = 130,687) were identified based on the Korean Patient Classification System for nurses during the study period. Among the performed tasks, monitoring of oxygen saturation and measuring of vital signs were considered high-priority. From the focus group interview, three main themes and eleven sub-themes were generated. The three main themes are "Experiencing eventfulness in isolated settings," "All-around player," and "Reflections for solutions." Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to ensure adequate staffing levels, compensation, and educational support for nurses. The study further propose improving guidelines for emerging infectious diseases and patient classification systems to improve the overall quality of patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to obtain a deep understanding of experiences of stigma among people infected with COVID-19 in South Korea. Methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews from March 2021 to November 2021 with nine people who had been infected with COVID-19. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: Six theme clusters emerged from participants' stigma experiences: "I've become the coronavirus itself", "a desperate defense to protect myself", "pointing a finger at oneself", "a scapegoat for the public interest", "the aftereffects caused by social prejudice" and "an isolated loner". Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that people infected with COVID-19 suffered considerable emotional distress and were hindered in their daily life recovery due to stigma. Based on this study, medical staff who treat patients infected with COVID-19 should understand their stigma in depth and strive to develop and implement the necessary instruments and nursing intervention programs to reduce this stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning of caregiving experiences derived from male and female caregivers whose spouses were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: The data were collected from October to December 2021 through one-on-one in-depth interviews with six male and six female spouse caregivers and analyzed based on the Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: In accordance with the results, three categories and six themes were respectively deduced for each group by gender. The results illustrate that the group of males tended to adapt themselves to a new role of caregiving by utilizing external resources and maintaining a positive attitude to continue their duties. The deeper the family members’ trust in them, the greater their motivation to sustain caregiving duties. Female caregivers tended to perceive caregiving as an additional duty to what they had been doing; therefore, they became mentally and physically exhausted. Nevertheless, they reduced stress through socializing with others and performing outdoor activities. Continuously interacting with their spouses also helped them continue caregiving. Conclusion: This study suggests a need for understanding a gender difference in caregiving roles and perceptions and the importance of developing a gender-specific program to support family caregivers. Future studies are warranted to develop an educational program for different roles and responsibilities that might be influenced by the caregiver’s gender and should verify the effect of the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to describe clinical nurses' lived experiences of workplace verbal violence through qualitative research using descriptive phenomenology. Methods: Six female Korean nurses who had less than 5 years of clinical experience and had experienced verbal violence in the workplace within the past year participated in the study. Data were collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews with the participants and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: A total of 27 codes, eight themes, and four theme clusters were derived from the participants' statements. The four theme clusters of the clinical nurses' experiences of verbal violence in the workplace were as follows: "tip of the iceberg," "beyond me and my control," "fear and resignation," and "personal burden." The participants recognized that nurses experienced verbal violence daily, and that the causes of and responses to verbal violence were determined by external situational factors rather than nurses' individual problems. This suggests that nurses felt that they had no choice but to personally cope with verbal violence and bear the consequences due to systematic indifference and silence about verbal violence experienced by clinical nurses. Conclusion: The findings show that verbal violence was pervasive and unmerited, yet often endured at the cost of a personal burden to nurses. A clear definition of verbal violence and education for employees are needed, and a reporting system should be established to report all forms of violence regardless of the severity of the incident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the experiences of adult cancer patients living with Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment (CRCI). Methods: Data were collected by using in-depth and audio-recorded interviews with seven patients of colorectal, stomach, and breast cancer. The participants were asked to describe their CRCI experience. The data were analyzed according to Colaizzi's method for phenomenological analysis. Results: Three-theme clusters and six themes emerged: (1) Foggy daily life: brain health impairment; "I feel different from my usual self: cognitive impairment," "Lost daily activities: work-related tasks affected," (2) Struggle to retain memories; "Tried using all strategies I could to recall my memories," "Need for concern and therapeutic communication," (3) Expectation of a whole body: hope to live; "Expectations for cognitive rehabilitation," "Reorganizing daily life." Conclusion: These results showed that patients did not consider CRCI important until symptoms affected daily activities and workrelated tasks and tried to use self-management strategies to manage CRCI. A two-way exchange of information between patients and health professionals can help patients understand and prepare for CRCI in dealing with symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand and describe the experiences of nurses in charge of COVID-19 screening at general hospitals in South Korea. Methods: Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with 14 nurses who had been working for more than a month at a screening clinic operated by two general hospitals from May 11 to July 20, 2021. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis. Results: As a result of analysis, four theme clusters were extracted from nurses' experiences, as follow: the role of the hospital gatekeeper entrusted with managing the COVID-19 pandemic, struggling to maintain the protective barrier, boundlessness like a Mobius strip, and driving force to endure as a nurse in charge of COVID-19 screening. Conclusion: The results of this study provide a deeper understanding of the lives of screening clinic nurses who are struggling with the COVID-19 situation. The results are expected to be useful in providing basic data for improving the infection control system and response strategies that can be applied to nursing practice in other pandemic situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine social values of self-support enterprises, known as the origin of social economy by using a qualitative research method. Main themes representing social values of self-support enterprises were developed through four sessions of FGI and thematic analysis. First, self-support enterprises embody the value of ‘social safety net’ by providing workfare for disadvantaged people as well as by operating market-oriented business. Additionally, ‘communal spirit’, for which self-support enterprises strive, is social value that enables the entirety of self-support enterprises and participants to fulfill non-profit values, reciprocity, and sharing. Lastly, ontological, diachronic, and ecological ‘sustainability’ of self-support enterprises is a foundational element which creates continuous positive impact on our society. Findings of this study are significant to provide theoretical and empirical evidence for preservation and development of the social economy ecosystem. Based on this, further researches on comprehensive social economy are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to develop simulation practice program with PBL (S-PBL) for nursing students and evaluate the effect of the program on their problem solving ability, clinical performance competency, learning satisfaction and confidence. The participants were nursing students who applied for simulation practice courses at an university in J province. The study was a mixed-method design using a nonequivalent one group pretest-posttest design (n=91) and focus group interview (n=12). Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 program and qualitative data thematic analysis. Quantitative data showed S-PBL was effective in improving clinical performance competency, learning satisfaction and confidence of the participants, but not in improving problem solving ability. As a result of the qualitative study, four themes and eight sub-themes were derived, and the themes were “Learn integrated nursing care based on priority”, “Experience team cooperation through communication," "Learn vividly critical care" and "Improved nursing competency". The S-PBL could be effective in practical education for nursing students. In further study, it is necessary to develop various simulation practice programs based on PBL through a mixed-method design and apply them to nursing curriculum. This study aimed to develop simulation practice program with PBL (S-PBL) for nursing students and evaluate the effect of the program on their problem solving ability, clinical performance competency, learning satisfaction and confidence. The participants were nursing students who applied for simulation practice courses at an university in J province. The study was a mixed-method design using a nonequivalent one group pretest-posttest design (n=91) and focus group interview (n=12). Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 program and qualitative data thematic analysis. Quantitative data showed S-PBL was effective in improving clinical performance competency, learning satisfaction and confidence of the participants, but not in improving problem solving ability. As a result of the qualitative study, four themes and eight sub-themes were derived, and the themes were “Learn integrated nursing care based on priority”, “Experience team cooperation through communication," "Learn vividly critical care" and "Improved nursing competency". The S-PBL could be effective in practical education for nursing students. In further study, it is necessary to develop various simulation practice programs based on PBL through a mixed-method design and apply them to nursing curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe clinical practice nurse's role experience working in a university hospital. Clinical practice nurses are a mix of certified and non-certified nurses. They perform some of the duties of physicians in addition to the work they do as nurses. In the future, such nurses may become advanced practice registered nurses. Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with three groups, each consisting of eight participants. The interview lasted two and a half hours per group. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis method. Results: The analysis yielded four categories and 14 themes. The four categories were "seeking an escape from the repeated routines as a nurse", "pioneering and developing new roles as a clinical practice nurse", "confusion about professional identity due to ambiguity in role boundaries", and "securing oneself as a team member and establishing a role as a clinical practice nurse". Conclusion: The scope of advanced practice registered nurses' roles was meant to have been established in 2020, but this was not achieved. Thus, studying the role experience of clinical practice nurses and their experiences is worthwhile and the results can inform legislation. The results of the study will also help establish a customized curriculum for advanced practice nurses and ultimately improve the quality of nursing services for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is an explorer study to investigate the experience of long term care hospital workers on the sexual behaviors of the elderly. The data were collected from August to October in 2019. The depth interview was implemented with using the semi structured questionnaires. The interview data collected from the participants were analyzed with using qualitative thematic analysis methods. The experience of long term care hospital workers regarding the elderly’s sexual behaviors consisted of ten sub-categorized themes from the significant statements and was categorized into following four themes; ‘Negative feelings related with elderlys’ sexual behaviors’, ‘Difficulty of maintaining caring roles’, ‘Recognizing the absence of care for elderlys’ sexual behavior’, ‘Accepting the therapeutic roles for elderlys’ sexual behavior’. The findings could be the basic data for developing educational programs that help the long term care hospital workers understand the sexual behavior of the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a strength coaching program and verify its effects on positive psychological capital, coaching leadership, and organizational commitment for front-line nurse managers. Methods: The participants were first-line nursing managers working in two general hospitals, and a total of 25 participants comprised the experimental (n=12) and control (n=13) groups. The strength coaching program was implemented for 6 weeks from November 13 to December 18, 2017, and the intervention group received the strength coaching program for 2 h, once a week. Data were collected pre, post, and after (4 weeks later), and analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance using the SAS 9.4 program. Results: The strength coaching program was developed as a process of understanding, reflecting, and utilizing the concepts and characteristics of positive psychology and strengths, and applied to nursing managers, but it did not affect their positive psychological capital, coaching leadership, and organizational commitment. Conclusion: The results of this study were not significant, but the study is meaningful in that the strength coaching program was developed and applied to front-line nursing managers, and various methodological aspects to be considered in future studies were presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of nurses' experiences of working at Drive-Thru COVID-19 Screening Clinic. Methods: Participants in this study were 8 nurses who worked for more than two weeks at the Drive-Thru COVID-19 Screening Clinic Screening Clinic in P-city, Gyeongbuk, which was declared a Corona19 disaster area. Data collection was conducted through individual in-depth interviews from June to August 2020. For data analysis, Max van Manen's analytical phenomenology research method was applied. Results: The essential theme of the Drive-Thru COVID-19 screening clinic nurse's experiences was 'A sense of calling as a nurse', 'Physical and psychological stress', 'Daily life tailored to the work of the screening clinic', 'Time to live together in the fight against the virus', 'New perception and rewarding for nursing'. Conclusion: The results of this study provide basic data for preparing a support system and understanding the work of nurses who are put on the front line in the event of a disaster by vividly describing the experiences of nurses working at the Drive-Thru screening clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the major keywords and the structure of the networks for each major topic to gain knowledge on factors influencing the quality of life of cancer survivors using Text Network Analysis (TNA) and topic modeling. Methods: The study was conducted in four steps:(1) collecting abstracts, (2) text preprocessing in Python, (3) building a co-occurrence matrix, and (4) analyzing network features and clustering topic groups. From 2010 to 2020, 133 studies related to factors affecting the quality of life of cancer survivors were collected from several databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL RISS, KoreaMed, KISS). Results: As a result of analyzing 9,968 evaluation results on "breast cancer," "female," "depression," "treatment," "age," "questionnaire," "symptom," and "diagnosis," five topics were derived after topic modeling considering coherence score and perplexity score. The main themes were breast cancer survivor, symptom experience, colon cancer survivor, psycho-social factors, and lifestyle and health management. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, symptoms such as depression, physical activity, and lifestyle and health management are significant factors affecting the quality of life of cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to understand experiences in safety accidents and coping among family caregivers of persons living with dementia. Methods: Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 10 family caregivers who are the main caregivers of community-dwelling persons living with dementia. Inductive qualitative content analysis was conducted to reveal themes. Results: Three major themes emerged in this study: 1) various safety accident experiences, 2) coping with safety accidents, and 3) concern for the prevention of safety accidents. Family caregivers experienced various risks when caring for their care recipients with reduced cognitive function and trying to cope with a tailored method for persons living with dementia. However, family caregivers eventually recognized that none of the methods were perfect for preventing dangers and looked forward to the emergence of new methods to ensure a safe environment. Conclusion: Dementia care services and tailored information and communications technology (ICT) should be provided to promote the safety of persons living with dementia and their family caregivers in the community environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' experience with caring for COVID-19 patients in a negative pressure room amid the spread of the pandemic. Methods: This study was a qualitative research, and focus group interviews were used to collect data. Three focus groups comprising 19 nurses were interviewed from February 17 to 25, 2021. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim with the consent of the participants. The verbatim transcripts were scrutinized using thematic analysis. Results: Two main themes emerged from the analysis: 'Struggling in an isolated space' and 'Limitations of nursing infrastructure and system'. The nurses caring for COVID-19 patients experienced anxiety and fear about the infection, physical exhaustion, emotional burnout, and a sense of duty as a nurse. They also acknowledged the lack of guidelines, increased task and burden, limitations of nursing care, and the demand for improving the limitations of the nursing system. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that nurses caring for COVID-19 patients encounter physical and emotional problems within the limited healthcare system. The study suggests that comprehensive interventions are needed for nurses. Furthermore, detailed guidelines, strengthening of nursing personnel, and improvements to the nursing system are vital to effectively cope with the pandemic. The government and medical institutions should be aware of the needs of nurses and what they are going through, and make efforts to improve the quality of life of healthcare workers and create a safe healthcare environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to understand nurses' lived experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19. Methods: The phenomenological research method was used. The study participants were 16 Korean nurses who had experiences in caring for patients with COVID-19 in clinical settings. Data was collected using one-on-one in-depth interviews, from June 30 to September 30, 2020. During the interview, the quarantine rules were observed. Results: The study derived four themes clusters and thirty-eight sub themes. Four theme clusters were identified, i.e., 'a repetitive sense of crisis', 'enduring a drastic change,' 'sacrifice of personal life,' and 'pride in nursing'. The nurses' experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19 were an uneasy, unfamiliar, and threatening experiences for an individual, but it is an opportunity for a nursing organization to renew. Accordingly, it was found that nurses faithfully fulfill their individual roles with a vocation and responsibility. Conclusion: The study provides an in-depth understanding of the situational, psychological, and environmental aspects of challenges facing nurses in the pandemic situation. Based on the findings, institutional follow-up measures should be provided to establish support systems for better nursing care. In addition, studies are needed to track nurses' experiences in the prolonged COVID-19 situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose : This study aimed to comprehensively understand the work experience of the person in charge of the adequacy evaluation of small-and medium-sized hospitals and explore its meaning and essence in-depth. Methods : This was a descriptive qualitative study. The study participants were 10 nurses who understood the purpose of this study and participated voluntarily. Data collection was conducted via in-depth interviews in January 2021. The interviews were conducted 1-2 times per participant and lasted approximately 40-50 minutes per session. Data analysis was performed using a qualitative content analysis. Results : The work experience of the person in charge of the adequacy evaluation of small-and medium-sized hospitals included four themes: "difficulty in preparing for evaluation," "negative views on evaluation," "lack of a support system," and "positive improvements and changes due to an evaluation." Conclusion : Based on the above results, an education program and support system should be developed to strengthen the competence of nurses in charge of the adequacy evaluation of small- and medium-sized hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose : This study aims to provide basic data for effective nursing interventions and improvement of nurses' work by exploring their work experiences in single-room-structured intensive care units (ICU) through focus group interviews. Methods : Data were collected through two focus group discussions conducted from March to November 2020 with 13 ICU nurses. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed thematically by investigators. Results : Through content analysis, 15 sub-categories and 6 categories were formed. Two themes, "positive experiences patients care in an independent space" and "difficulties in nursing work according to space separation of patients" emerged. There are positive aspects of single-room-structured ICUs, but it was found that practicing nurses had difficulties and required specialized nursing competencies. Therefore, efforts to reduce the burden of nurses in single-room-structured ICUs are necessary. Conclusion : The limitation of this study is that it was conducted in a single hospital because single-room-structured intensive care units are uncommon in Korea. However, this study is of great significance as a basis for establishing guidelines on the efforts required from nurses, hospitals, and governments single-room-structured ICUs in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the clinical practice experience of nursing students during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: We used the qualitative content analysis steps presented by Graneheim and Lundman. The participants were 11 nursing students from two universities. We collected data by iterative work through in-depth interviews and observations and analyzed it using content analysis and dialogue between the authors to enhance interpretation. Results: Four themes emerged from the participants' clinical practice experiences during the pandemic: increased uncertainty in clinical practice and daily life, reduced opportunities for practice experiences and networking, differences in the meaning of clinical practice, and new implications of clinical practice. Conclusion: Participants were experiencing clinical practice, including themselves and the surrounding world, under the strong influence of the COVID-19. Therefore, the development of practice guidelines that can be communicated quickly between institutions, students, and universities and cope flexibly with the pandemic alarm levels will reduce uncertainty in clinical practice and minimize changes in activities and networking. Additionally, the nurses' professional intuition should be improved by expanding the awareness of nurse roles in clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]