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Air travel market has changed significantly by the emergence of a lowcost carrier (LCC). The LCCs offer lower fares and fewer frills than the traditional full service carriers (FSCs). The key competitive advantage of the LCCs is their ability to offer significantly lower fares, or at least to create the image of offering lower fares, while being able to generate profits by having low unit costs. LCCs have reshaped the competitive environment within air travel markets and have made significant impacts in the domestic passenger markets, which had previously been largely controlled by FSCs. The new demand for air travel experience through the low fares of low-cost airlines increases the likelihood of choosing not only low-cost airlines but also existing large airlines when choosing air travel. This generally equates to the intention of customers to move to more advanced products as their experience with new products increases. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to theoretically discuss the operating characteristics and market ripple effects of low-cost airlines, and to explore the theoretical implications of existing papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the number of passengers using aircraft increases around the world, there may be more medical measures needed within the aircraft. These medical measures may also include measures against serious situations such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, since the environment is different from the hospital in the aircraft, it may be difficult to cope with such a situation. Moreover, such in-flight CPR may become more difficult at a time when the proportion of out-ofhospital CPR is decreasing due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, I would like to summarize how in-flight CPR is performed and review the main discussions on CPR in the COVID-19 pandemic, and finally suggest how to perform a safe CPR in the COVID-19 situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air travel market has changed significantly by the emergence of a lowcost carrier (LCC). The LCCs offer lower fares and fewer frills than the traditional full service carriers (FSCs). The key competitive advantage of the LCCs is their ability to offer significantly lower fares, or at least to create the image of offering lower fares, while being able to generate profits by having low unit costs. LCCs have reshaped the competitive environment within air travel markets and have made significant impacts in the domestic passenger markets, which had previously been largely controlled by FSCs. The new demand for air travel experience through the low fares of low-cost airlines increases the likelihood of choosing not only low-cost airlines but also existing large airlines when choosing air travel. This generally equates to the intention of customers to move to more advanced products as their experience with new products increases. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to theoretically discuss the operating characteristics and market ripple effects of low-cost airlines, and to explore the theoretical implications of existing papers.

Blockchain is a type of distributed database managed through multiple network transaction details (P2P, Peer to Peer), and transaction information is stored on multiple computers (nodes) connected to the blockchain network instead of storing it in one server. It is an algorithm that binds transaction details to form blocks, connects multiple blocks like a chain, and then copies and distributes them by a large number of people. In the case of the aviation industry, it is worth making full use of blockchain technology to revolutionize existing systems and business processes in terms of cost and transaction transparency, so blockchain can become one of the innovative technologies that will change the paradigm of the aviation industry. As the blockchain market is still in an immature stage and the development of technology is expected in the future, it is necessary to prepare support measures to lead and preempt the global blockchain market in the future through development support and cooperation that can be actively used in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, an important keyword for safety issues in Korean society is the enforcement of the Serious Accidents Punishment (SAP) Act. The purpose of enacting the SAP Act is to prevent accidents and disasters by establishing a system in which society, business, and organizations systematically manage safety and health. The mandatory measures for the enforcement of the SAP Act are to have manpower and budget necessary for accident prevention, and to establish and implement a safety and health management system. Measures concerning the establishment and implementation of the safety and health system begin with the application or risk management procedures to identify hazards, eliminate risk factors, and prepare control measures. In order to increase the validity of the risk management application results, it is important to apply a technique for risk assessment that systematically evaluates risk factors. Therefore, this study intends to examine the recent trends and implications of risk assessment techniques. First, based on the risk assessment guidelines of the MOEL in Korea, major risk assessment techniques were considered and examples were presented. The representative risk assessment techniques consider are 4M, Checklist, HAZOP (HAZards & Operability Studies), What-IF, JSA(Job Safety Analysis), FTA (Fault Tree Analysis), ETA (Event Tree Analysis), and CCA (Cause Consequence Analysis). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its emergence in Wuhan, China, COVID-19 has spread and had a profound effect on the lives and health of people around the globe. Most people who develop COVID-19 fully recover, but current evidence suggests approximately 10% to 20% of people experience a variety of mid- and long-term effects after they recover from their initial illness. These mid- and long-term effects are collectively known as post covid-19 condition or "long COVID". Studies have shown that a significant number of patients complain of multiple symptoms over a period of several months or longer. The symptoms of long covid include fatigue or muscle weakness, dyspnea, cognitive impairment, and depression or anxiety. These chronic symptoms can also negatively affect aviation safety. Therefore, this review summarizes studies of the long-term effects of COVID-19, and aeromedical implications of long COVID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big data is a technology that processes a large amount of structured and unstructured data sets that are beyond the ability to manage data with commonly used data analysis methods. According to the amount and type of data is showing explosive changes, and the amount and type of data in the industry are also increasing remarkably. Now, how to extract meaningful information from the exploding data from those of data bunches and use it as valuable information is becoming a social task. In the existing traditional data, individual data itself was important, but big data must deal with a large amount of data and judge it from an overall perspective, so innovation of the existing data judgment method is needed. Big data has a common feature that can be called "3V": data volume, variety and velocity, because it is significantly different from existing traditional data handling method. Since the nature of big data has changed to the extent that it is impossible to smoothly collect and process it with existing technologies, various advanced big data processing technologies are needed to extract value. Big data is not a single technical item, but comprehensive technology in which various underlying technologies are fused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the number of passengers using aircraft increases around the world, there may be more medical measures needed within the aircraft. These medical measures may also include measures against serious situations such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, since the environment is different from the hospital in the aircraft, it may be difficult to cope with such a situation. Moreover, such in-flight CPR may become more difficult at a time when the proportion of out-ofhospital CPR is decreasing due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, I would like to summarize how in-flight CPR is performed and review the main discussions on CPR in the COVID-19 pandemic, and finally suggest how to perform a safe CPR in the COVID-19 situation.