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Objectives: A paper filter was prepared by pitch based activated carbon fibers to investigate the removal efficiency of toxic gas. Also, changes in pore characteristics and mechanical properties according to the ratio of the adsorbent and the binder were observed to optimize the decrease in specific surface area and micropore, which are the unique characteristics of activated carbon fibers. In addition, it is intended to establish optimized paper filter derived activated carbon fiber manufacturing conditions through evaluation of toxic gas removal characteristics. Method: The pore characteristics of the activated carbon fiber and prepared paper were analyzed by measuring the BET specific surface area, and SEM analysis was performed on the fine surface shape. Tensile strength and air permeability were performed according to ISO 1924-2 and ASTM D737: 04, respectively. The adsorption performance of the prepared filter was evaluated as a gas removal efficiency using a gas detection tube (GV-110S). Results and Discussion: As the content of the binder increased in the paper manufacturing process, it was confirmed that the specific surface area of ​​the prepared filter decreased by up to 39.5% compared to the activated carbon fiber. It is considered that the micropores were closed because the surface of the activated carbon fiber was coated with the excessive addition of the binder. The removal efficiency showed a removal rate of 90% of ammonia, and methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide showed a removal rate of about 60%. This result might be due to the difference in the physical adsorption rate according to the vapor pressure of each material. Conclusions: An activated carbon fiber-based paper filter for removing of toxic gas was prepared. It was confirmed that the mixing ratio of the adsorbent and the binder was an important process parameter for determining moldability and adsorption performance. Finally, optimum condition was selected as weight ratio condition of 8:2.

Medical education research subjects are incredibly diverse and have changed over time. This work in particular aims to compare and analyze research trends in medical education through the words used in the titles of these research papers. Academic Medicine (the journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges), Medical Teacher (the journal of the Association of Medical Education in Europe), the Korean Journal of Medical Education (KJME), and Korean Medical Education Review (KMER) were selected and analyzed for the purposes of this research. From 2009 to 2018, Academic Medicine and Medical Teacher published approximately 10 to 20 times more papers than the KJME and KMER. Frequently used words in these titles include “medical,” “student,” “education,” and “learning.” The words “clinical” and “learning” were used relatively often (7.80% to 13.66%) in Korean journals and Medical Teacher, but Academic Medicine used these phrases relatively less often (6.47% and 4.41%, respectively). Concern with such various topics as problem-based learning, team-based learning, program evaluations, burnout, e-learning, and digital indicates that Medical Teacher seems to primarily deal with teaching and learning methodologies, and Academic Medicine handles all aspects of medical education. The KJME and KMER did not cover all subjects, as they publish smaller papers. However, it is anticipated that research on new subjects, such as artificial intelligence in medical education, will occur in the near future.

From many years, studies on psychoanalysis were built within a Newtonian framework. Today, with updated contemporary knowledge about quantum physics, we have the opportunity to bring a deeper appreciation to the study of psychoanalysis. Based on the contemporary development of quantum mechanics, I sought to demonstrate how these developments are compatible with psychoanalytic psychotherapy. By illustrating the supervised psychotherapy case below, I sketch a line of thought about a quantum-like modeling in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, specifically in the psychoanalytic listening. Finally, I have proposed ‘Quantum Listening’ eventually transmitting this quantum-like perspective of psychoanalytic listening to the rest of the psychoanalyst community and psychiatrist society in general. Through this paper, I hope to demonstrate how quantum physics is applicable to psychoanalysis. Although it is hard to know how much credence is given to the concept ‘Quantum Listening’, it does add motivation for a more comprehensive understanding of psychoanalytic listening. This short and basic paper is a preliminary to ‘Quantum Listening’ and further research will be carried out afterwards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the trend of research on food and culture in papers published in the Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture from 1986 to 2020. The journals published a total of 329 papers, which we classified into 5 main categories and 13 middle categories. Of these, 204 articles were on “Korean traditional food culture.” The most studied topic in the entire period was “Perception of Koreans towards traditional food, preference, satisfaction, and usage.” A total of 76 studies related to “Korean contemporary food culture.” The most advanced topic researched concerned “Recognition and attitude”; these studies were consistently carried out throughout the research period. The main classification of “World food culture” encompassed 32 studies, with major research focused on “World's Modern Food Culture” and the most advanced being “Comparison of Food Cultures of Foreign and Korean Food Cultures.” All studies were consistently spaced out during the study period. These studies provide an integrated knowledge in the field of food and culture and can be used as a basic material for related research in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The core element driving the advancement of metaverse technology is presumed to be avatar technology. Therefore, we intend to craft a research paper focused on facial expression manipulation of avatars in real-time through the integration of emotion information based on natural language processing. The central idea involves utilizing emotion information derived from natural language processing to determine the avatars' expressions. Subsequently, these expressions will be translated into facial features utilizing a pre-trained deep learning model, whereby the movement of pixels constituting the face is guided. The displacement of pixels corresponding to expressions will be facilitated using pre-trained networks, leveraging pixel vector information specific to each emotional element [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper-cut is not simply a form of traditional Chinese folk art. Lucky motifs developed in paper-cut certainly acquired profound cultural connotations. As paper-cut is a time-honoured skill across the nation, interpreting those motifs requires cultural receptiveness and anthropological sensitivity. The author of this article analyzes examples of paper-cut from Northern Shaanxi, China, to identify the cohesive motifs and explore the auspiciousness of the specific concepts of Fu, Lu, Shou, Xi. The paper-cut of Northern Shaanxi is an ideal representative of the craft as a whole because of the relative stability of this region in history, in terms of both art and culture. Furthermore, its straightforward style provides a clear demonstration of motifs regarding folk understanding of expectations for life.

With the advancement of IoT(Internet of Things), image processing is being studied in various fields. Salt and pepper(S&P) noise in image acquisition devices, such as CT(Computed Tomography), MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging), X-ray, and scanning equipment, may develop due to environmental and physical factors, thereby distorting the original image. Numerous studies have been conducted to remove S&P noise, but existing filters have shown significantly insufficient restoration of high-density noise, low-light, and patterned images. Therefore, this paper proposes a filter high-density and low-light noise environments and preserve the patterns properties appearing in the images. In the proposed algorithm, we design local masks transformed for high-density noise and low-light images and defined the patterns represented in the images by determining and grouping similar pixels. Different filters are applied according to the pattern of similar pixel group to preserve the geometry based on its position in the input image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Devices such as X-Ray, CT, MRI, scanners, etc. can generate S&P noise from several sources during the image acquisition process. Since S&P noise appearing in the image degrades the image quality, it is essential to use noise reduction technology in the image processing process. Various methods have already been proposed in research on S&P noise removal, but all of them have a problem of generating residual noise in an environment with high noise density. Therefore, this paper proposes a filtering algorithm based on a three-dimensional plane equation by setting the grayscale value of the image as a new axis. The proposed algorithm subdivides the local mask to design the three closest non-noisy pixels as effective pixels, and applies cosine similarity to a region with a plurality of pixels. In addition, even when the input pixel cannot form a plane, it is classified as an exception pixel to achieve excellent restoration without residual noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives : The focus of the analysis was laid on changes in research pertaining to pharmacopuncture in regards to time progression. Methods : Type analysis was done on pharmacopuncture related papers published in the Journal of Korean Institute of Pharmacopuncture from the inaugural issue to June 2006 issue. 196 papers are analyzed to the sort of type. Results : For type analysis of the type of studies, experiment papers outnumbered other types with 94 cases, followed by 67 for clinical trials, and 35 for literary studies. Type analysis on the type of illnesses listed in the Methods section, 31 papers concentrated on arthritis or HIVD of spine, 6 for Pharmacopuncture response in human, 5 for anti-cancer and immune disorders, etc. Conclusion : Since its inaugural issue in 1997 to August 2006 issue ranging 10 years, type analysis revealed that the number of journals pertaining to pharmacopuncture has risen steadily over the years and nearly half of papers published recently are dealing with pharmacopuncture. Pharmacopuncture is a treatment method based on the unique theory of Korean traditional medicine. Its superior efficacy is proven through numerous research works, and effort and academical approach on pharmacopuncture are expected to receive positive evaluation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a computerized touch-screen version of the asthma-specffic quality-of-life (cA-QOL) questionnaire against the conventional paper-and-pencil version (pA-QOL) for equivalence, time for completion, user preference, and ease of use. Methods: A total of 261 patients were recruited. A randomized cross-over design was used. Patients in group A completed the cA-QOL first while waiting to see a physician, and completed the pA- QOL version after seeing the physician. Patients allocated in group B completed these questionnaires in the reverse order. The patients were asked questions about user preference and ease of use of the cA-QOL. The time taken to complete both versions of the questionnaire was measured. Results: Weighted kappa coefficients of all items showed almost per- fect agreement. The time required to complete the pA-QOL is faster than the time for cA-QOL. The patients who preferred the cA-QOL were 37.5%, while those who preferred the pA-QOL were 29.9%. Most patients reported that the cA-QOL was "easy" or "very easy" to complete. Conclusion: The cA-QOL is the computerized equivalent of the pA-QOL. The findings herein demonstrate that the cA-QOL can be helpful to nurses in busy practices for assessing, collecting, and evaluating their patients' health related quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is an introductory study on Convergence of Traditional Chinese Paper-cutting Art and Contemporary Ceramic Decoration. As a part of Chinese folk art, now newly developed by the convergence of contemporary ceramic ar, today it promotes artists’ creativity and find a alternative way for ceramic art. This mainly explore transition of 2 dimentional paper-cutting art into ceramic art. As a part of convergence art, this study suggest combination of 4 elements yin-yang-true-false with understanding of its history and contemporary status, and towards aesthetic values [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study suggests focused in user-centered design which are new separate discharge system that must recycle in paper materials. I searched cases in Korea’s current law and regulation in recycling disposal guidelines and already succeed cases in each city that are Asia, Europe, and North America. Suggesting focused in user-centered design of ID(Identification) separate discharge system due to user’s good participations, feedbacks of participation’s results, and well-organized in awarding. This system consists of visual individual’s ID(Identification) that are stickered in only used bag. User must recycle in separate discharge system only used bags, and results must visualized in each user and rewards to user. This separate discharge system is meaning to stimulate user’s good participations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, data production has seen explosive growth, and the storage systems to store these big data safely and quickly is evolving in various ways. A typical configuration of storage systems is the use of SSDs with fast data processing speed as a RAID group that can maintain reliable data. However, since NAND flash memory, which composes SSD, has the feature that deterioration if writes more than a certain number of times are repeated, can increase the likelihood of simultaneous failure on multiple SSDs in a RAID group. And this can result in serious reliability problems that data cannot be recovered. Thus, in order to solve this problem, we propose a method of throttling IOs so that each SSD within a RAID group leads to a different life-end. The technique proposed in this paper utilizes SMART to control the state of each SSD and the number of IOs allocated according to the data pattern used step by step. In addition, this method has the advantage of preventing large amounts of concurrency defects in RAID because it induces differential lifetime finishes of SSDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed research trends on smart logistics in Korea by conducting social network analysis (SNA) using R. The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of the smart logistics field along with the smart logistics status and policy review, and to suggest implications and future research tasks. The analysis period and subjects were 128 academic journal papers on smart logistics-related topics over the past 10 years (2011-2020), and the results were divided into the first half (2011-2015) and the second half (2016-2020). The analysis of the study was carried out step-by-step through frequency analysis, network centrality analysis, and visualization. As a result of the study, the quantitative increase and diversification of the research field were confirmed. It was also confirmed that the concentration of research on core areas increased by increasing the proportion of duplicate keywords. In addition, keywords with high betweenness centrality and degree centrality score such as Logistics, Authentication, Smart, Service, RFID, Technology, and Revolution were presented. Lastly, this study reviewed the structure with a focus on betweenness centrality after visualizing the network with main keywords. As a result, early research was focused on the field of logistics, and after 2016, it was confirmed that the center of research was diversifying and expanding with the development of the 4 th industrial revolution and major technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) is used to quantify the subjective state of patients before and after the treatment. The electronic method was recently developed and used for the completion of PROM, in addition to the conventional paper and pencil method. This study identified whether the results of Foot Function Index (FFI) and Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) using the paper and pencil method was different from those using the electronic method. Materials and Methods: Between May 2016 and August 2016, 42 patients who were admitted to the Seoul Foot and Ankle Center two days before surgery were included for evaluation. The mean age was 46 years (range, 21-72 years). There were 29 males and 13 females. To use the electronic method, the PADAS software (PADAS, Seoul, Korea) was implemented using a touch pad. The primary trial of FFI and FAOS was performed using either the paper-and-pencil method or the electronic method. At 24 hours after the primary test, a secondary trial of FFI and FAOS was performed using the other method. Then, we identified the reliability of FFI and FAOS between the two methods by calculating the intraclass coefficient. Results: Twenty-two patients underwent the first trial using the paper-and-pencil method, and 20 patients underwent the first trial using the electronic method. Of the 42 patients, 8 patients were excluded from this study and only 34 patients were included in this study. The reliability of FFI was excellent with an intraclass coefficient of 0.957, and the reliability of FAOS was also excellent with an intraclass coefficient of 0.840. Conclusion: The paper-and-pencil method and the electronic method have the same result for the completion of FFI and FAOS in this study. Therefore, it is commonly considered that the completion of FFI and FAOS using the electronic method can be applied in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a paper-based very thin ultra-wideband(UWB) frequency selective structure to block UWB radar or broadband interfering signals. The proposed structure combines a square loop structure with low frequency blocking characteristics and a fan-wing structure with high frequency blocking characteristics to realize wideband rejection. Resistive elements were added to compensate for polarization and incident angle stability. Based on the simulation results, we fabricated conductive patterns and resistive elements on a thin paper using the screen printing technique. We measured the transmission characteristics of the fabricated frequency selective structure using the free space measurement method and found that it has a wide bandwidth of 6.9 GHz and stable performance despite the variation in polarization and incident angle [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper smart shoes for dementia care using embedded boards and Low Power Wide Area technology and their application software are implemented. The communication board composed of Cortex-M3 board and LoRa module is embedded into groove made in outsole of smart shoes. Including the mold, the shoe outsole was manufactured by hand. By using application software and embedded board, caregiver can track the position of dementia patient using GPS and LoRa network. The location tracking and data transmission operations of smart shoes have been successfully verified in the outdoor environment. The smart shoes of this paper are applicable to a safety device to prevent the disappearance of demented patients through results of experiments and if bigdata is collected and analyzed by deep-learning, it may be helpful to analyze the predictive path of dementia patients or the pattern of dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New-born babies who require special attention medically are admitted often to incubator. Incubators are well equipped to fulfill take care of infants, but they have to hospital and so expensive. This paper proposes a smart incubator that can solve the problem of convenience and cost aspect of these incubators. Developed incubator enables near-field monitoring using Arduino Uno as the main control device and Bluetooth communication. The environment in the incubator measures temperature and humidity using a DHT22 sensor and the sound using a P5510 microphone. If the temperature and humidity data set by the user are lower or higher than the reference value, it is designed to operate the heating pad using the controller or turn on the fan to allow air circulation. The measured values in the incubator are displayed in real time on the user's smartphone monitoring screen and are programmed using app inventor. Developed incubators can help take care of infants at low cost in the home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempted to improve the quality of hairstyling-related studies and provide basic data for future studies on hairstyling terms through analysis of cosmetology-related loan words used in hairstyling theses among recent cosmetology papers. For data collection to derive valid conclusions, the signatures of a total of 1,980 academic papers collected after typing in the keyword ‘Hair’ at the Research Information Sharing Service (http://www.riss.kr) were analyzed. The results show that researchers in hairstyling seem not to pay close attention to the correct use of foreign loan words. Therefore, the study results would be very helpful to the development of future cosmetology studies. The correct notation and use of foreign loanwords should be further encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This issue of Volume 34, Issue 1 contains 5 papers, 3 original articles, 2 review articles, and 0 case report. By subject, there were 0 papers on Aerospace Medicine, 5 on Aviation Human Factors, and 0 on Aviation Nursing. The first paper investigated the effect of self-management competence on social anxiety among students in an aviation program at a college, based on a survey of 90 students. Conducted with careful consideration of student anonymity, this study found that higher self-management competence are associated with lower social anxiety. The second paper explored the introduction of a pre-safety assessment and consulting system in the aviation industry, gathering and analyzing opinions from professionals through an online survey. The third study analyzed air traffic control threats and their impact, using data collected from Line Operations Safety Audits, and presented statistically significant findings. The fourth paper focused on fatigue management strategies for shift workers in air traffic control, reviewing related domestic and international laws and regulations and emphasizing the need for effective fatigue management. Lastly, the fifth paper discussed the characteristics of low-cost carriers and their ripple effects on the air transport market, examining both positive and negative aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the knowledge structure and trends in research on cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in patients with non-central nervous system (non-CNS) cancer through text network analysis and topic modeling. Methods: From 2011 to 2021, studies on CRCI in patients with non-CNS cancer registered in databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PsycInfo, were extracted and cleaned into words using Python's natural language toolkit package. Text network analysis was performed using the NetworkX library, and topic modeling analysis based on the latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm was carried out using the Gensim library. Results: In total, 24,030 keywords were extracted from the abstracts of 490 selected papers, of which "chemotherapy," "breast cancer," and "quality of life" showed high frequency and centrality. As a result of the topic modeling analysis, four subject groups were derived, including cognitive impairment due to chemotherapy, breast cancer and cognitive impairment, factors related to cognitive impairment, and symptom experience. Conclusion: These findings will help cancer researchers to understand the trends and insights of research on CRCI in patients with non-CNS cancer and suggest important areas and directions for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pattern-switchable origami antenna is designed with paper using inkjet-printing technology. The proposed antenna can be switched between loop and dipole antenna modes by folding and unfolding the paper, respectively. The proposed antenna is designed for the resonant frequencies of both modes to be 1.85 GHz. Eutectic gallium-indium liquid metal is introduced in order to avoid cracks in the conductive ink when the paper is folded. The performance of the proposed antenna is demonstrated through simulation and measurement results and antenna gain of dipole-mode and loop-mode are -4 dBi and -5 dBi, respectively. Also, the nulls of both dipole and loop modes compensate nulls from each mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a direction for future studies based on the analysis of the articles published in the Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care from 1998 to 2012. A total of 240 articles (51 reviews, 189 original) were examined in three five-year groups. Categories of analysis include authors' background (profession, region) and general characteristics and qualitative aspects of the original paper (participants, topic, study design, data analysis, ethical consideration, multidisciplinary approach, research funds and sample size estimation). While the journal publishes more of articles than before, it is mainly due to the increase in the number of review articles, not original articles. As for study topics, healthcare industry and physical symptoms were most frequently studied. The disparity in authors' regional background is fading, and more articles are published by nurses than before. Moreover, more studies are funded while fewer papers tend to adopt a multidisciplinary approach or focus on care givers. Also, in terms of a study design, the number of experimental and methodological studies has slightly increased. In the qualitative aspect, studies considered ethical issues and collected participation consent, and fewer studies reported an estimated sample size. In data analysis, post-adjustment comparison decreased, and new analytical methods are increasingly used. Our results indicate the need to conduct research with more extensive scientific data in various fields of hospice and palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of the study is to analyze the review contents of reviewers for the submitted papers in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing in 2003., Method: The review contents of the 165 papers were selected 217 papers that were submitted in 2003. Among those 165 papers, the 21 papers belonged to the 'Do not publish' list and 17 papers, 'Revise manuscript and resubmit', list and the 94 papers, 'Publish if revisions are made' list. There are more than two level differences among the four levels of decision in acceptance of publication in 33 papers., Results: The analysis of the review contents for the papers were suggested according to review categories : introduction, method, results, discussion and conclusion. In addition, if papers had more than two levels of review they were rated poor accord or inconsistent., Conclusion: For the quality of the academic journal and development of the nursing science, it is important to disseminate and publish the research paper. Therefore, review of the submitted paper is also important. Implications for the profitable review were suggested in the study.

Solar energy is attracting attention as an alternative to fossil fuels. However, there was a lack of discussion on the overall research direction and future direction of research in technology development. In order to develop more effective technology, we analyzed and discussed the technology trend of solar energy using patent data and thesis data. As an analysis method, topics were selected by using topic modeling and text mining, the increase of included keywords was analyzed, and the direction of development of solar technology was analyzed. Research on solar power generation technology is expected to proceed steadily, and it is analyzed that intensive research will be done especially on high efficiency and high performance technology. Future studies could be conducted by adding overseas patent data and various paper data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the research / technology trends of electric vehicles from 2001 to 2014, through keyword analysis using paper data published in SCIE or SSCI Journal on electric vehicles, time series analysis using patent data by IPC, and network analysis using nodeXL. also we predicted promising technologies of electric vehicles using one of the prediction methods, weighted moving average method. As a result of this study, battery technology among the electric vehicle component technologies appeared as a promising technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the promotion of biomedical innovation in South Korea through support for research integrity. Using Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM) as a showcase, we observe a relationship between the number publications by Korean researchers, international academic reputational metrics, and best practices in the promotion of research ethics for Korean research environments. Survey data from graduate research ethics education courses across two years suggest that enhancing domestic biomedical research integrity through institutional and governmental regulatory regimes requires additional resources and refinement in select areas. We compare publication data from relevant academic publishing sources with the rate of retraction notices for Korean research amid qualitative and quantitative growth in research output. At the university level, further educational programs on publication practices and reproducible research would support reputational goals alongside academic and applied research applications. In particular, the discussion of these statistics details how to promote reproducible biomedical research in Korean research settings. Defining narrowly biomedical integrity that focuses on research misconduct and human subject protection as a foundation of research ethics education at Seoul National University would further expose researchers to the risks imposed by publication retractions and cumulative effects on Korean academic reputational goals to support innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a computerized touch-screen version of the asthma-specific quality-of-life (cA-QOL) questionnaire against the conventional paper-and-pencil version (pA-QOL) for equivalence, time for completion, user preference, and ease of use., Methods: A total of 261 patients were recruited. A randomized cross-over design was used. Patients in group A completed the cA-QOL first while waiting to see a physician, and completed the pA-QOL version after seeing the physician. Patients allocated in group B completed these questionnaires in the reverse order. The patients were asked questions about user preference and ease of use of the cA-QOL. The time taken to complete both versions of the questionnaire was measured., Results: Weighted kappa coefficients of all items showed almost perfect agreement. The time required to complete the pA-QOL is faster than the time for cA-QOL. The patients who preferred the cA-QOL were 37.5%, while those who preferred the pA-QOL were 29.9%. Most patients reported that the cA-QOL was "easy" or "very easy" to complete., Conclusion: The cA-QOL is the computerized equivalent of the pA-QOL. The findings herein demonstrate that the cA-QOL can be helpful to nurses in busy practices for assessing, collecting, and evaluating their patients' health related quality of life.

Objectives: This study evaluated knowledge structure and its effect factor by analysis of co-author and keyword networks in Korea's preventive medicine sector., Methods: The data was extracted from 873 papers listed in the Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, and was transformed into a co-author and keyword matrix where the existence of a 'link' was judged by impact factors calculated by the weight value of the role and rate of author participation. Research achievement was dependent upon the author's status and networking index, as analyzed by neighborhood degree, multidimensional scaling, correspondence analysis, and multiple regression., Results: Co-author networks developed as randomness network in the center of a few high-productivity researchers. In particular, closeness centrality was more developed than degree centrality. Also, power law distribution was discovered in impact factor and research productivity by college affiliation. In multiple regression, the effect of the author's role was significant in both the impact factor calculated by the participatory rate and the number of listed articles. However, the number of listed articles varied by sex., Conclusions: This study shows that the small world phenomenon exists in co-author and keyword networks in a journal, as in citation networks. However, the differentiation of knowledge structure in the field of preventive medicine was relatively restricted by specialization.

Purpose: This study was to determine the current trend of nursing research as exploring both quantitative and qualitative methodologies, and to provide the explicit direction to improve the quality of published papers., Methods: Total of 366 articles published between 2004 and 2006 was reviewed using the criteria of analysis., Results: There was more number of quantitative studies than qualitative studies. More studies were conducted with subjects who had health problems, and studies that targeted women and elderly population have been significantly increased. In quantitative methodology, utilization of experimental and quasi-experimental designs has been increased, however descriptive study was dominant as yet. In qualitative methodology, studies using grounded theory and phenomenology were frequently published. It was noted that theoretical framework and rational for sample size were rarely presented in quantitative study. Philosophical position and the process of preparation for study, which guided the research, were not clearly described in qualitative study., Conclusion: The findings of this review suggest that published studies have been improved and diversified, however, detailed and clear evaluation tool that assesses study process and method should be developed as a way to further improve the quality of published papers.

In this paper, we proposed a paper-based pattern-switchable antenna using inkjet-printing technology. The proposed antenna is composed of two bow-tie antennas and a switching network. The bow-tie antennas are inkjet-printed on paper using a low cost home printer. The switching network is built on a printed-circuit-board(PCB) and consists of a single-pole-double-throw(SPDT) switch and balun element. A double-sided parallel-strip line(DSPSL) can convert the unbalanced microstrip mode to the balanced strip mode. Two bow-tie antennas have different radiation patterns because of the different orientation of the reflectors. It is demonstrated from EM simulation and measurement that the radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are successfully switched by the SPDT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The value of Big-Data which is a main factor of the fourth Industrial Revolution enhances industrial productivity in private sector and provides administrative services for nations and corporates in public sector. ICT-developed countries are coming up with Big-Data application in public sector rapidly. Especially, when it comes to social crisis management, they are equipped with pre-forcasting system. Korean Government also emphasizes Big-Data application in public sector for the social crisis management. But the reality where the overall infrastructure vulnerability reveals requires preparation and operation of measurement for social problems. Accordingly, we need to analyze Big-Data application problem and benchmark the precedented cases, thereby, direct policy diversity. Hence, this paper proposes the roles and rules of E-government analyzing problems from Big-Data application. The following policy proposes open Information and legal&institutional improvement, Big-Data service considerations threatening privacy issues in Big-Data ecosystem, necessity of operational and analytical technology for Big-Data and related technology in technical implication of Big-Data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to explore the ethical foundation for resolving ethical issues arising from the biomedical big data analytics on emerging infectious diseases. To this end, this paper first compares the moral issues arising from the analysis of healthcare big data for emerging infectious diseases with the existing problem areas of biomedical ethics. We will discuss how existing bioethical debates, especially those dealing with the issue of individual autonomy, are inadequate to address the ethical issues of biomedical big data analytics for emerging infectious diseases, even though they have some relevance. Based on these discussions, I will present one approach to addressing the ethical issues of biomedical big data analytics for emerging infectious diseases, centered on L. Floridi’s notion of agents. This will provide an opportunity to expand the existing discussion of bioethics to include information ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the important topic of spelling error correction in the field of natural language processing. The research experimentally explores spelling error correction methods using the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) model. Specifically, it aims to improve the performance of spelling error correction by employing supervised fine-tuning methodologies applied in the GPT-1 and InstructGPT models. The supervised fine-tuning in this paper utilizes direct human feedback to improve the model's performance. It also introduces various learning prompt strategies to further enhance the performance of the spelling error correction model. These strategies, which utilize bidirectional context information for training, showed significant improvement in F1 scores compared to the baseline GPT-2 model, achieving higher performance than previous research results. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of employing GPT models for spelling error correction, as well as the methodologies of supervised fine-tuning and learning prompt strategies. These findings present the potential to advance research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, virtual reality widely used in education, industry, and entertainment, and so on. In this paper, we present effects on sensory transfer, which is a fake feeling such as illusion to make the specific sense in five senses with other senses for participants in immersive virtual environments (IVE). In particular, we perform an analysis of the effect through interactive virtual reality contents based on hearing and touch. As our result of the experiment, it was found that the sense of touch using hearing could be sufficiently provided, and on the contrary, transfer feeling of the sense of touch had a few limitations. Through our method presented in this paper, it is expected that the limitations of the device to make immersive virtual reality contents can be overcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This issue of Volume 33, Issue 3 contains 6 papers, 4 original and 2 review articles. The first paper analyzes communication errors between domestic air traffic controllers and pilots and highlights the importance of adhering to the International Civil Aviation Organization standard language. The second paper analyzes trends in bacterial dysentery outbreaks in South Korea and Japan from 2016 to 2020, highlighting the need for robust information systems. The third paper analyzes human papillomavirus vaccination trends and shows a gradual recovery in vaccination rates after the COVID-19 pandemic. The fourth paper analyzes 24 years of trends in aviation medical examinations, highlighting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the increase in the proportion of female pilots. The fifth paper explores the potential applications of blockchain technology in the aviation industry, presenting several use cases. The final paper analyzes medical error cases using the SHELL model and highlights the systemic problems of medical institutions in Korea. The journal covers a wide range of topics related to aerospace and human factors, and each paper presents important issues and suggestions for improvement in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific papers on the history of psychiatric diagnosis presented at the 16th International Taniguchi Symposium for Comparative History of Medicine-East and West which was held in 1991 in Japan were briefly reviewed and discussions and comments interchanged in this meeting were introuduced with some personal appreciation that the meeting was excellently organized and enormously successful. Particularly, the papers of medical historians and the expert in specific area like Indian medicine from North America and Europe were highly instructive. The informal gathering in the evening had offered a fascinating original report such as an old documentary film about Imu, a Japanese culture bound syndrome. One very important point was raised in this review that the comparisons between the Medicine-East and the West, particularly the translation of the Eastern medical descriptions of mental illness into the modern Western pschiatric terms should be very cautiously carried out, because by the crude identification of one medical system with the other system the uniqueness of the illness in a specific time and in a specific place might easily be overlooked. For both Japanese and Korean traditional medicine share with Chinese traditional medicine and yet they preserve their uniqueness, a small group study for comparative East Asian medicine was suggested for the more elaborated clarification of medical terms.

The 2020 NeRF paper sparked neural volume rendering research, ongoing to surpass its limits. However, 3D model generation studies are still incomplete. This paper aims to capture research that addresses 3D model generation shortcomings for objects and scenes. The utilization of NeRF for 3D model generation involves continued research in individual 3D object creation, 3D object editing and manipulation, as well as the integration of IR sensors, and this paper summarizes these aspects. While achieving intricate surface reproduction remains challenging, advancements in the field continue due to the expansion of graphics research related to NeRF. It is necessary to examine these developments. Although this paper doesn't cover all studies related to NeRF 3D model generation, it is expected to be useful for researchers engaged in relevant studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

n recent years, there has been significant progress in the fields of Attention-based Transformers[1, 2]. In this paper, we compare the performance of an Attention encoder and an LSTM[3] for the stock prediction task, evaluating the performance based on the model's size and input length. We utilize stock history data for Apple, Samsung, and Amazon, obtained from Kaggle. The Attention Encoder model outperforms the LSTM baseline model on all datasets. This demonstrates the superior performance of the Attention Encoder model. Additionally, increasing the input sequence dimension of the Attention Encoder network leads to improved performance. However, there is a concern regarding overfitting of the Attention Encoder model due to the rapid changes in the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the performance evaluation of a status updating system utilizing a network with two gateways. Multiple sensors are connected to multiple servers via two gateways. These gateways are responsible for scheduling sensor sampling and server updates. At each time slot, each gateway can choose different physical processes that each sensor observes to update. Due to limited communication resources, the number of selected physical processes is bounded. We consider the case where the number of selection is strictly less than the total number of sensors or servers. In this system, depending on the decisions at two gateways, the time elpased since generation status of information can vary. In this paper, we consider how freshness of information is changed depending on the scheduling at two gateways. We define the age-of-information(AoI) to measure freshness information. Based on the definition, we formulate minimization of AoI and solve by proposing proper scheduling at two gateways. We verify the proposed algorithm through numerous simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a radar module that can be applied to an X-band active phased-array radar. The radar module, with hardware scalability and software flexibility, is a basic block that can be freely configured according to system requirements. It generates radar waveforms using a digital-to-analog converter, frequency up-down conversion/amplification, baseband I/Q generation through an analog-to-digital converter or digital down converter, primary digital beamforming, and pre-signal processing functions. Because it has the same electrical performance and function, it has advantages such as reducing the development period, reducing the development budget, and improving maintenance and serviceability. This paper presents the radar module design and fabrication/test results applicable to X-band active phased-array radars. The hardware scalability and software flexibility of the proposed design were verified through a near-field test of a 3×3 array antenna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The health promoting benefits of greenness exposure were addressed before, during, and after pregnancy. Addressing the low-birth-rate issue of Korea, this review focuses on forest-based interventions to assess the mental and physical health of pregnant women in green environments, both nationally and internationally. It also proposes the utilization of green environmental resources as a strategy to improve maternal health and address the low-birth-rate issue. Current Concepts: Keyword search was done using PubMed, Web of Science, and Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) databases manually for references of retrieved papers until September 2023. Keywords included forest, greenness, and antenatal education. Of 107 potentially relevant papers related to prenatal education in forest or green environments, 12 papers were finally analyzed (comprising six domestic and 6 international academic journals). Overall, these papers showed at least moderate levels of bias. This review explored the influence of green spaces, forest activities, and psychological wellbeing on pregnant women. When analyzing pregnancy outcomes about green environments, differences between domestic and international studies became evident due to age, location, sample size, study design, and female participation rates. Discussion and Conclusion: The primary assessment tools focused on mental health, stress levels, quality of life, and overall psychological wellbeing. Domestic studies emphasized stress, anxiety, life satisfaction, inner peace, and maternal identity during pregnancy, while international research underscored the positive impact of green environments on pregnancy outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the methods to measure ammonia gas and the ways to reduce its concentration were examined. Existing research has been limited to the measurement of the concentration of ammonia gas, yet, this study is focused not only on measuring but also on how to create a safe environment by decreasing the concentration when the critical point is reached. In this paper, each sensor was used based on Arduino, an open-source hardware, and experiments were conducted by making a glovebox chamber whose environment was similar to the real one. The proposed system makes it possible for the sensor's measurement output to be processed simultaneously using RTOS instead of a general sequential processing method, which, eliminates the phenomenon that the running comes to stop by an error in the sequential processing, and therefore implements a stable system. The data collected by the suggested system is transmitted to cloud system through WiFi wireless communication and can be monitored in real-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a device for measuring soil moisture at multiple depths was designed and implemented. Measuring soil moisture data allows you to set the optimal moisture environment for crop growth and helps increase production and yield through healthy growth of crops. In addition, the importance of measuring accurate soil moisture data is being emphasized to interpret and prevent natural disasters such as droughts and floods caused by climate change. However, it is difficult to measure moisture changes at the depth of crop roots by measuring moisture on the soil surface. Therefore, in this paper, a soil moisture measurement device was implemented by integrating capacitive sensors and environmental sensors. The device's features include variable measurement of moisture at a depth of approximately 10 to 60 cm rather than the soil surface, and real-time wireless transmission using Lora. When water was supplied to river sand in 10mL units as an experimental method, the measurement range of the implemented sensor was 0~70mL, and it was confirmed that the sensor responded sensitively to changes in moisture in the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a method called Metadata Retrieval-Augmented Generation (M-RAG) for effective search in open-domain Question Answering (ODQA) systems for one or more documents and compares its performance. To achieve this, it utilizes embeddings that include metadata and employs generative models such as gpt-3.5-turbo-16k and gpt-4 for automated answer generation. Through this approach, the generative models (gpt-3.5, gpt-4) are able to understand the order and context of query documents through metadata. Additionally, by incorporating source information and original text requirements through prompt engineering, it activates source attribution capabilities in question-answering (QA), thereby enhancing answer accuracy. As a result of this paper, information that LLM does not have can be retrieved from external sources and an appropriate response can be found.. Experimental results show that this method exhibited up to a 46% performance improvement compared to the same external inference ODQA system and a 6% improvement over the existing RAG method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Parents with a premature infant are usually confronted with difficulties in caring for their babies and need education on appropriate care. The purpose of this paper was to describe the components of caring education for parents with a premature infant based on an integrative literature review and to present strategies for future education. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched to identify studies. Sixteen articles were selected through full text screening of related research published in domestic journals from January 1990 to October 2012. Results: Through in-depth discussion and investigation of the relevant literature, three components emerged; (a) nurses as educators and parents as learners, (b) education content including caring on admission or discharge, and effects of education, and (c) education environment including timing, place and materials. Conclusion: Future education on caring for premature infant should include the nurse as educator and have diverse content including parent's role, interaction with healthcare providers, and special care for premature infants with special problems. Moreover, highly technical teaching materials should be provided, along with continuous support of institution and government to individual caregivers. Results of this study provide comprehensive prospective and basic standards for education on premature infant care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper present a design and implementation of a Contents Management System (CMS) to be integrated into a game that uses a Digital Game-based Learning (DGBL) approach for helping tourists learn about tourism spots as a part of the Package Tour Application. In terms of design, this paper shows a system architecture that consists of a database to store the game's content such as tourism spot information, score and question configuration, score history, et cetera, a web application to manage the content and a Rest API to delivers the content to the mobile game. Meanwhile, in terms of implementation, MySQL database and PHP programming language are used. Moreover, a time response performance evaluation is conducted which resulted in between 0.77 s to 1.4 s from CMS to the database. Once successfully integrated with the game, the CMS will allow the game to be played on multiple tours simultaneously, without having to rebuild the game for every package tour group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]