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糖化は蛋白とグルコースのような還元糖との間におきる糖化最終産物(AGEs)を生成する非酵素的な反応である。糖化ストレスは老化の危険因子として考えられるが、この反応に関する情報は限られている。今回、我々は牛皮を2mol/Lグルコースに浸透し、60℃、6日間インキュベートした糖化反応のモデルを作製した。牛皮の硬さ(ヤング率)はビーナストロンで測定した。Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML)と蛍光性AGEsの定量は、酵素免疫測定法と蛍光分光法によって測定した。牛皮の色の変化は時間経過とともに白色調から黄褐色に変化した。硬さは反応前の73.2kPaから6日後の275.1kPaに上昇、蛋白あたりのCMLは0.017μgから0.142μgに増加した。蛍光分光法による解析の結果、励起光365~370nmのとき、438~491nmの間に最大値457nmのピークを認め、インキュベート期間が長くなるにつれ蛍光強度は増加した。結論として、AGEs生成阻害物質や糖化による皮膚劣化を防ぐ素材を探索するために、本モデルが役立つ可能性がある。, Glycation is a non-enzymatic reaction between a protein and a reducing sugar, such as glucose, that forms advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Glycation stress is thought as a risk factor of aging; however, information regarding this reaction is limited. Here, we developed a model of glycation reaction by using a bovine skin incubated with 2mol/L glucose at 60°C for 6 days. Hardness (Young's modulus) of the bovine skin was measured by the Venus TRON. Levels of Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) and fluorescent AGEs were measured by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and fluorescent spectroscopy. The skin color changed from white to yellowish-brown with time. The hardness elevated from 73.2kPa before reaction to 275.1kPa after 6 days, while CML per protein increased from 0.017μg to 0.142μg. Fluorescent spectroscopy showed that, at the time of excitation with 365~370nm wave length, there was a peak in 438~491nm with the maximum value of 457nm, and the intensity increased as incubation period became longer. In conclusion, this model may be useful to detect effective ingredients that can inhibit the formation of AGEs and prevent skin deterioration during glycation reactions.

混合ハーブ抽出物(MHE)は抗糖化作用が既に報告されている。HMEはローマカミツレ・セイヨウサンザシ・ドクダミ・ブドウ葉の熱水抽出物である。HMEは漢方薬とみなすことができる。漢方薬では、構成生薬の追加が元の効能を変化させることが知られている。HMEに生薬である生姜・山椒を加えカプセルに充填した試験食を作成し、それが抗糖化作用を示すか調べた。またQOLへの影響を調べた。対象者は12名で、血糖正常群8名(男:女1:7、平均年齢47歳)と糖尿病・高血糖群4名(男:女3:1、平均年齢51歳、HbA1c 5.7～7.0)の2群に分けられた。両群とも、HMEはエキス固形分240mgと生姜・山椒一定量を1日量として4カプセル・12週間摂取した。また各群の1名ずつは80週間摂取を継続した。抗糖化作用は皮膚AGEs蓄積を非侵襲的に測定し皮膚自発蛍光(AF)として示すAGE reader™により評価した。皮膚弾力はCutometerにより評価した。 抗加齢QOL共通問診表により「便秘」、「冷え性」、「体重減少」が有意(p=0.043)の改善または変化を認めた。皮膚AFは8週・12週にて両群とも減少し、血糖正常群では12週で有意(p=0.020)な低下を認めた。80週までの継続摂取では皮膚AF減少は継続した。12週での摂取終了は皮膚AFの悪化を認めた。皮膚弾力は糖尿病・高血糖群の12週でR2に若干の改善を認めた。MHEに2つの生薬を追加配合した処方は皮膚AGEs蓄積を抑制した。試験食の継続摂取は安全で有用な抗糖化法と考えられることが示唆された。, The anti-glycation effect of mixed herbal extract (MHE) was already reported. HME was produced using hot water extraction from Anthemis nobilis (Roman chamomile), Crataegus oxyacantha (hawthorn berry), Houttuynia cordata (dokudami), and Vitis vinifera (grape leaf). MHE can be regarded as a Chinese herbal remedy. In Chinese herbal remedy, it is well known that a little of additional crude drugs can change the original effects. We assessed whether a capsulated novel remedy of MHE with Zingiber officinale (syouga) and Zanthoxylum piperitum (sansho) showed an anti-glycation effect. We also assessed its effects on one's quality of life (QOL). The subjects consisted of 12 volunteers divided into two groups, the Normal Blood Sugar (NBS) Group (male: 1; female: 7; age: 47.3 ± 10.2 years) and the Diabetes Mellitus / Impaired Fasting Glycaemia (DM/IFG) Group (male: 3; female: 1; age: 51.5 ± 12.7 years) with HbA1c 5.7～7.0. Both of the Groups were administered 240 mg of MHE (solid substance) with certain amounts of Zingiber officinale (syouga) and Zanthoxylum piperitum (sansyo) in 4 capsules per day for 12 weeks. Two individuals - one of NBS Group and the other of DM/IFG Group - were administered continuously for 80 weeks. The inhibition of glycation was assessed by AGE reader™, non-invasively measuring the advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) as skin auto fluorescence (AF). Also the skin elasticity was assessed by Cutometer. The analysis using the Anti-Aging QOL Common Questionnaire (AAQol) showed that the score for the parameters, “constipation", “cold skin", and “weight loss; thin" were significantly improved or changed (p=0.043). The skin AF decreased in the both Groups after 8 and 12 weeks respectively, and significant variation (p=0.020) was observed in the NBS Group after 12 weeks. Continuous intake for 80 weeks revealed continuing low values of skin AF. Stopping the intake at 12 weeks resulted in a deterioration of skin AF. The skin elasticity index R2 in the DM/IFG Group showed a slight improving tendency after 12 weeks. The novel remedy of MHE with additional two crude drugs inhibited the accumulation of AGEs in the skin. These results suggest that a continuous supplementation of the test product was considered to be a safe anti-glycation method.

グルコースと蛋白質の非酵素的な糖化反応により,蛋白糖化最終生成物(advanced glycation end products: AGEs)が生成される.AGEsの生体内蓄積は糖尿病合併症や加齢に伴う疾患に関与しているため,近年では抗糖化は健康増進,疾患予防,アンチエイジングなどの分野で注目されている。本研究ではクマイザサ抽出物(Sasa senanensis Rehder)の抗糖化作用を検討し,「抗糖化」をキーワードとした健康食品・化粧品素材しての可能性を模索することを目的とした.今回,ヒト血清アルブミン(human serum albumin; HSA)とグルコースを反応させたin vitro実験系において,蛍光性AGEs,3-デオキシグルコソン(3DG),ペントシジン(Pent),カルボキシメチルリジン(CML)をAGEsとして評価し,陽性対照として塩酸アミノグアニジン(AG)を用い,蛍光測定法・ELISA法・HPLC法にてAGEsの測定を行った。抗糖化活性としてIC50(50%生成阻害濃度)を算出した。蛍光性AGEsに関してクマイザサ(粉末)の抗糖化活性のIC50はAGと同等であった.クマイザサ(熱水抽出物)の抗糖化活性のIC50はAGと比べ極めて小さかった.3DG生成阻害活性に関して,クマイザサ(熱水抽出物)のIC50はアミノグアニジンと同等であった.クマイザサ(粉末)のIC50はAGよりも極めて小さかった.Pent生成阻害活性に関して,AGと比較してクマイザサ(粉末)および(熱水抽出物)のIC50は極めて小さかった.CML生成阻害率に関して,AGと比較してクマイザサ(粉末)および(熱水抽出物)のIC50は極めて小さかった.クマイザサについては初めて糖化物生成抑制作用が確認され,健康食品・化粧品素材としての可能性が期待される., Non-enzymatic reaction between glucose and protein leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and its accumulation has been linked to the development of diabetic complications, as well as to the progression of age-related diseases. In recent years, attention has been paid to the effect of inhibiting AGE formation in the body for the purposes of anti-aging, health promotion, and lifestyle-disease prevention. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-glycation effects of Kumaizasa (Sasa senanensis Rehder) and the potential of its use as an anti-glycation product. Using an in vitro method with glucose and human serum albumin (HSA), we analyzed the inhibition of the formation of AGEs; specifically fluorescent AGEs, 3-deoxyglucosone (3DG), Pentosidine (Pent), and Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) by Kumaizasa utilizing fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC, and enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA). We analyzed its anti-glycation effects by comparing the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) against these glycated products with aminoguanidine, a known inhibitor of glycation. IC50 of fluorescent AGEs by Kumaizasa (powder form) and aminoguanidine were almost equal concentrations, while IC50 against 3DG, Pent, and CML were significantly lower for Kumaizasa (powder form) than that of aminoguanidine. IC50 of 3DG by Kumaizasa (hot water extraction) and aminoguanidine were almost equal concentrations, while IC50 against fluorescent AGEs, Pent, and CML were significantly lower for Kumaizasa (hot water extraction) than that of aminoguanidine. These results suggest that Kumaizasa strongly inhibits glycation and may be useful for anti-glycation products, including health foods and cosmetics.

本研究では,若年長距離陸上選手を対象とし乾式遠赤外線低温サウナ浴を用い,陸上競技大会からの筋肉痛回復を検討した.対象者はよく鍛えられた男子陸上選手4名であった.大会後,サウナ浴群(n=2,20.0±1.4歳)またはシャワー浴群(n=2,20.0±0.0歳)は,大会直後(0時間後),そして24,48,72,96,124時間後の計6回,指定されたどちらかの入浴を行った.期間中の測定項目は,身体計測値,採血,MVC,VAS,POMSであった.その結果,高感度C-反応性蛋白(CRP),アルドラーゼ(ALD)が,サウナ群において低値を示す傾向であった.サウナ群において,急性の炎症マーカーが良好な傾向を示したことから,サウナ浴において炎症が抑えられたといえるのかもしれない., This pilot study aimed to examine the effects of far-infrared radiation low temperature sauna bathing on recovery from muscle damage following the race among long-distance runners. The subjects were 4 well-trained male runners. After the running race, the subjects were allocated either the sauna bath group (n=2, aged 20.0±1.4 years) or the shower bath group (n=2, aged 20.0±0.0 years) and bathed 6 times (right after the race, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours later). The measurements were anthropometrics, blood sampling, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), visual analogue scale (VAS) concerning muscle soreness and profile of mood states (POMS). In the sauna bath group, C-reactive protein (CRP) and aldolase (ALD) levels tended to be lower compared to the shower bath group. Better results of acute inflammatory markers in the sauna bath group may explain the sauna bathing can suppress the inflammation.

加齢に伴う生活の質(QOL:Quolity of Life)低下により睡眠の質(QOS:Quality of Sleep)は低下する.QOSを良好に保ち健康的な生活習慣を持つことは,労働衛生の面からも重要である.今回我々は企業労働者を対象に腕時計型3次元加速度センサを装着し,QOS及び昼間の身体活動度について非侵襲的評価を試みたので,その結果を報告する.村田機械(株)(愛知県犬山市)に勤める男性従業員のうち検診結果に基づき保健管理センターにより要生活指導と判定された6名(50.5±2.6歳)を対象とした.被検者は抗加齢QOL共通問診票(Anti-Aging QOL Common Questionnaire: AAQol)を記入し,QOSは腕時計型三次元加速度センサ(アクティグラフ Actigraph, A.M.I., USA)を用いて日中及び睡眠時の体動量を計測し評価した.体動測定はセンサを1週間連続装着し行った.結果解析にはアクティグラフ解析ソフトウェア(AW2,A.M.I.,USA)を用いた.自覚症状および生活習慣に問題は認められなかった.睡眠パラメータは各被検者の1週間の身体活動量から算出した.全ての被検者において睡眠効率は90%以上,平均睡眠時間は6時間以上だった.睡眠時活動量,及び中途覚醒は被検者間で差が生じた.観察期間中に腹痛を発症した被検者腹痛前夜の睡眠中活動量及び中途覚醒回数が増大し,睡眠効率が70%程度に低下し,QOSの低下が示唆された.QOS低下に伴い,次日の日中活動量が低下し,居眠り回数が増加した.以上の結果より,3次元加速度センサによる体動量監視はQOS及び昼間活動度の定量評価に有用な方法である., Deterioration in quality of sleep (QOS) according to aging decreases quality of life (QOL). It is important to maintain QOS high and healthy in the lifestyle and also from respect of the occupational health. Here, we tried the noninvasive evaluation of QOS by installing wristwatch-type motion sensors for corporate workers. Subjects were 6 male employees (mean age, 50.5 ± 2.6 years old) of a machine manufacturer located in Inuyama City who underwent a company-wide medical check-up. They were judged by the health management center the needed lifestyle guidance. Subjects undertook the Anti-Aging QOL Common Questionnaire (AAQol) and QOS analysis by using a three-dimension accelerometer (Actigraph, A.M.I., USA). The sensor was continuously installed in the subject for one week and the body motion measurement was performed. The data was analyzed by software AW2 (A.M.I.) referring to the sleep diary described. Problems were not noted in the subjective symptom or their lifestyle by AAQol. Various sleep parameters were calculated from the continuum movement measurements of one week of each subject. The sleep efficiency was more than 90% and the total sleep time 6 hours or more in all subjects. The difference was noted in the amount of the mean activity and number of awakening episodes during sleep. In a subject accompanied abdominal pain during the observation period, the number of awakening episodes increased and the sleep efficiency decreased to less than 70%, indicating low QOS. The daytime mean activity was low with high frequency of the doze the next day of the low QOS sleep. The monitor of the physical movement for 24 hours by an accelerometer may be useful for the quantitative evaluation of QOS and the activity level in daytime.