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We are concerned with the skew product of a one dimensional diffusion process R on an open interval and the spherical Brownian motion. The skew product is defi ned by a positive continuous additive functional of R. We study Feller property of the skew product and the time change. Further we present Dirichlet forms of the skew product and the time change. In 2011, we obtained the Dirichlet form corresponding to the skew product under the assumption that both end point of the state space of R are entrance or natural in the sense of Feller. In this article we remove that assumption and tackle the same problem as the paper we wrote in 2011. Okura (1998) investigated Dirichlet forms corresponding to the skew product of Markov processes which are not necessarily conservative. He regarded the Revuz measure of positive continuous additive functional as a killing measure, and considered a new Dirichlet form with killing part. Then he derived Dirichlet forms corresponding to the skew product. Fukushima (2014) made clear Dirichlet forms of one dimensional diffusion process with killing measure. Combining their results, we can obtain the Dirichlet form corresponding to the skew product in general case. In our argument corresponding to the case that the end point of state space of R is regular with reflecting boundary condition in the sense of Feller, we assume that the Revuz measure of positive continuous additive functional is bounded near the end point. This assumption is necessary and suffi cient for the Revuz measure in some sense. We show this fact following the same argument as for Feller property of the skew product.

目的：急性期病院における新任看護管理者が経験した昇進による心理的変化を明らかにし、キャリア移行期の支援の示唆を得る。方法：昇進にまつわる感情を半構造化面接で収集し、質的記述的に分析した。結果：昇進後２年以内の新任看護管理者８名の語りから得られたコードは、昇進前が119、昇進後が115であった。昇進前後に抱いた心理の変化は、「看護管理者に必要な知識・経験」「昇進のタイミングと配属部署」「スタッフとの関係」「管理者としての自己認識」の４つの側面で生じていた。結論：昇進前は知識・経験不足による自信のなさや自分を卑下する、現場から離れる寂しさなどネガティブな心理を抱くが、同部署昇進による安心や上司からの承認・動機づけによりポジティブな心理が生じ、昇進の肯定的な受け入れにつながる。昇進後に抱く権限の裏に存在する重責や孤独感、委譲にまつわるジレンマに対処し部署の管理に注力できるような働きかけが必要と示唆を得た。, The purpose of this study is to clarify the psychological changes experienced by newly appointed nursing managers in acute care hospitals due to their promotion, and to obtain suggestions for support during career transition. A semi-structured interview survey was conducted to obtain their thoughts on promotion, and a qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted. Study participants were eight newly appointed nursing managers who had been promoted within two years of the survey. The codes obtained from the narratives were 119 before promotion and 115 after promotion. Psychological changes before and after promotion occurred in four aspects: “knowledge and experience required for nursing managers,” “timing of promotion and assigned department,” “relationship with staff,” and “self-recognition as a manager.” Before being promoted, the nursing managers lacked confidence due to their lack of knowledge and experience. It was thought that a positive mentality and positive reception of their promotion were generated by the relief of receiving a promotion in the same department and approval and motivation from their superiors. In order to deal with the “burdens of authority,” “loneliness away from patient care,” and “dilemmas related to delegating authority to staff,” which they may have immediately after being promoted to nursing administrators, they need support from upper management that will allow them to focus on their duties.

タイトル英語表記を一部訂正（Panel disucission→Panel discussion）、本体の表記は別タイトルに入力した。

連続スペクトルにより、大気圧非平衡アルゴンプラズマの電子温度・密度の計測可能性を研究した。放電空間を限定できる放電装置を用い、絶対校正済の測定系で発光分光計測を実施した. このスペクトルを理論曲線でフィッティングする。Druyvesteyn 電子エネルギー分布関数を仮定すると適切な値が導出された。衝突輻射モデルによる励起状態密度と線スペクトル強度とのクロスチェックにより、妥当性を確認した。, The feasibility of spectroscopic measurement of electron temperature and density of atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium argon plasma was investigated, applying optical emission spectroscopic measurement of a continuum spectrum due to electron-atom bremsstrahlung. Emission spectroscopy was performed with an absolutely calibrated measurement system using a discharge device that can limit the discharge space to one point. The obtained spectrum is fitted with a theoretical curve. Assuming the Druyvesteyn electron energy distribution function, appropriate electron temperature and density were derived. The validity was confirmed by the cross-check between the line spectral intensity and the excited state density calculated with the Ar collisional radiative model with atomic collisional processes.

The main purpose of this paper is to elaborate on DMO as one of the main themes in tourism studies and to provide a theoretical framework for measuring its performance. Measuring DMO’s performance refers to examining to what extent an area can be industrialized into a tourist spot. One of the conditions for the industrialization of tourist spot lies in its continuity. However, many of the existing DMO studies are limited to descriptions of the success of events, which are presumptuous when claiming such short-term cases as equivalent to the achievement of DMO. Instead, this paper focuses on the theoretical analysis of DMO and thus serves as a preparatory work for empirical research as well.We developed a model for matching DMO strategy formulation and its organizational structure to measure DMO performances. That is, DMO can determine two types of strategies according to the situations in which it is placed, and the appropriate organizational structure differs depending on the strategy adopted. In conclusion, this paper developed a hypothesis for further empirical research., 論文

ことばと社会(1)

第37回宇宙環境利用シンポジウム (2023年1月17日-18日. オンライン開催), Space Utilization Research (January 17-18, 2023. Online Meeting), 著者人数: 19名, 資料番号: SA6000180014, G-8

It is well known that one-dimensional diff usion processes are characterized by three characteristics, so called the scale function, the speed measure, and the killing measure, and besides by boundary conditions in the case that boundaries are regular. The associated Dirichlet spaces are obtained by Z.-Q. Chen and M. Fukushima. Those Dirichlet spaces are described by means of three characteristics, and are regular, local, and irreducible on the space of all square integrable functions with respect to the speed measure. Z.-Q. Chen and M. Fukushima considered two types of Dirichlet spaces, that is, the absorbing boundary condition is posed at the boundary whenever it is regular, or the refl ecting boundary condition is posed at the boundary whenever it is regular. Consequently, there is no diff erence between two types of Dirichlet spaces if both of boundaries are not regular. Thus, we are interested in relation between two types in the case that at least one of the boundaries is regular. They considered refl ected Dirichlet spaces, active reflected Dirichlet spaces and Silverstein extensions, and showed that there exists a proper Silverstein extension of the associated Dirichlet space corresponding to the case with regular absorbing boundary. We have the question whether there is another Silverstein extension and how many there are Silverstein extensions. We show that there are an infi nite number of Silverstein extensions of Dirichlet space associated with one-dimensional diffusion such that at least one of the boundaries is regular and absorbing.

外気に通じた飼育下のゲンジボタルについて，夜間に幼虫が上陸して活動する様子，及び羽化後の様子を比較明合成撮影により継続して観察した。その結果，幼虫が上陸しての活動は気温が8℃から15℃の範囲では主に相対湿度が80%から90％において，15℃から19℃では主に70%から90%において広い時間帯にわたって活動が見られた。また，羽化した成虫は辺りが暗くなり発見しやすくなる20 時台に毎晩捕獲し，産卵・孵化設備に移すようにしたが，その後の時間帯にも出現し，やはり夜間全体にわたり活動していることを確認した。

既存の観光地研究は，（成功）事例の報告に傾注するあまり，理論的定式化が看過され，理論の構築や蓄積に繋がりにくかった。本稿は「資源アプリケーション・マトリックス」という概念モデルを用いて，観光地研究の理論的枠組の開発に寄与する。とりわけ製品開発やイノベーション研究の知見を援用しながら，観光地化のメカニズムを実証的に明らかにする分析枠組みの開発を目指す。

廣川洋一先生追悼号

授業研究

Secondary Control (SC) is one of the control strategy concepts and refers to changing oneself to align with situational needs. Although SC was construed as relinquishment of control by European researchers, Rothbaum et al. (1982) suggested that SC contributes to the well-being of people in collective cultures. Based on the work of Rothbaum et al., Takemura (2013) developed a 6-dimension SC scale but did not verify the scale sufficiently. To investigate its reliability and validity, the current study examined the relationships among the 6 dimensions of SC, gender,age, and experience of uncontrollable events. The results revealed that, as expected, SC was distinguished from a tenacious or relinquish strategy for pursuing a goal, positively associated with a person's well-being and age, and positively predicted by experience of uncontrollable events.Unexpectedly, a gender difference was not found for 5 of the 6 dimensions of SC. These results and the validity of the scale are discussed from the perspective of cross-cultural differences.

Prestressed concrete (PC) bridges account for about 44% of all bridges in Japan, and damage of PC tendons caused by defective grouting has been reported. In order to inspect, repair and maintain the PC bridge efficiently, it is necessary to develop a monitoring technology that can quantitatively and simply evaluate the integrity. This study examines changes in bridge performance and modal parameters of PC box girders due to progressive loading, and defective grouting and failures in PC tendons through the experiment. Static loading test showed that local cracks were dominated around the location of defective grouting and failure of PC tendons. A moderate correlation was observed between the energy-based bending performance and the natural frequency of 1st and 2nd bending modes

大気圧非平衡プラズマの放つ連続スペクトルの分光計測により、電子エネルギー分布関数(EEDF)を求める。Fitnessパラメータを目的関数として最小化する様に、電子エネルギー確率関数EEPF=EEDF/√Eを求めたところ、2.8 eV付近に折れ曲がりを持つ2温度Maxwell分布に近い形が得られた。バルク成分 0.26-0.29 eV 程度、テール成分は2.2-3.0 eV 程度であった。, The electron energy distribution function (EEDF) of non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasmas can be obtained by OES measurement of the continuous spectrum due to e-a bremsstrahlung. If the obtained spectrum is applied to a theoretical formula, it becomes a Volterra integral equation of the first kind, and EEDF can be solved in principle. However, since the measurable wavelength range is finite, general solvers cannot be used. Therefore, the electron energy probabilistic function EEPF=EEDF/√E was determined so as to minimize the fitness parameter as the objective function. As a result, the EEPF was found to be a two-temperature Maxwellian distribution with a bend near 2.8 eV. The bulk component was about 0.26-0.29 eV, and the tail component was about 2.2-3.0 eV. It was found that this method does not provide information about electrons with lower energies than the photons being measured, while information about higher energies can be obtained with poor accuracy.

The present study aims to review whether dietary modifications will prevent body fat accumulation, muscle mass wasting and bone mineral density loss in postmenopausal women who incorporate physical exercise into daily life.9-week-old ovariectomized Wistar strain female rats were divided into four groups: CA-Ex, Gln-Ex, Leu-Ex and CitD-Ex. Depending on which group they were in, the rats were given a 20％ casein protein based experimental diet supplemented with nothing （control diet, CA-Ex）; 5％ of L-glutamine （Gln-Ex）; 5％ of L-leucine （Leu-Ex）; or 2.5％ of L-citrulline＋2.5％ of D-serine （CitD-Ex）, each 11 g per day for 10 weeks. All of these rats were housed in individual cage with a running wheel for 10 weeks. A sham operation was carried out on another group of rats （Sham） and were given the same diet as CA-Ex, the control diet.Results were as follows:1） Uterus weights of the ovariectomized rats, that is group CA-Ex, Gln-Ex, Leu-Ex and CitD-Ex, appeared to show lower values than that of the group Sham. 2） No significant differences were observed in a）changes in body weight, b）blood analyses, c）liver, kidney, uterus and muscle weights, and d）femoral-bone mineral density in groups Gln-Ex, Leu-Ex, and CitD-Ex as compared to the group CA-Ex.3） Relatively higher running activity was observed in group CitD-Ex than that of group CA-Ex. This observation suggests that increasing dietary L-citrulline plus D-serine in postmenopausal rats may lead to an increase in physical activity. Further research is needed to understand the physiological and nutritional significance of the unexpected results that dietary amino acid may accelerate the physical activity.