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The purpose of this study is to clarify the conditions in order to improve the "Ability to learn and think independently by and for oneself" in a physical education class. The main results are as follows; (1) Three types of teaching methods, "Traditional Approach - Process Approach - Open Approach" are similar to three types of learning, "Acquiring - Utilizing - Inquiring". (2) Teaching Theory of OKADA Kazuo's PE class, based on Process Approach, is the most promising method toward Active Learning of student. (3) The system of formulated Learning Contents in terms of learner's side is essential, in order to set up the effective teaching stage for "Acquiring - Utilizing - Inquiring".

In this study, some concepts about the study teaching plan of a physical seducation lesson were proposed. The object of research has been recogniszed as a system and it argue about movement recatching as a "movement unit". The result can be summarized as follows. 1) It proposed in example being called the design of a study teaching plan about "movement unit" "practice hypothsis in the phyial educatin lesson" and "the relation nature of the whole and portion". 2) It divides and, as for the "movement unit", movement of all human beings is formed from the motion of the part of movement. In case they are related to movement of other one person, it has the meaning "personal nature", and in case it twines with movement of many other human being, "group nature" and "conspiracy" will be shown. 3) It is necessary to use 1) 2) as a base and to refine the purpose concept indicated by the syudy teaching plan. Especially the realization possibility having the method means 100% not but, it can ask for "grammatical person nature" being clear. 4) "a movement unit" shold learn need to be spcified.

Damages of buried pipelines in liquefied grounds are caused by uplift andsinking of grounds as well as lateral flow. Hear, CCP (Cement Churning Pile)method is proposed as countermeasures to these damages. Buried pipelines can befixed in any arbitrary shape to adopt the features of CCP method. On the otherhand, the method has the possibility that dynamic strains due to wave propagationwill become larger than the case with no-countermeasures. So experiments andtheoretical analyses were performed. Experimental and theoretical results aresummarized as follows:1. Experimental results: Uplift static strain of pipes with the countermeasureswas shown to be 50% smaller than that of no-countermeasures and dynamic strainwas only 1/3-1/9 as large as uplift static strain.2. Theoretical results: Beam theory was used in the response analysis ofexperimental model. Analytical results showed that dynamic strain is much smallercompared with static strain.