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Purpose: To describe ocular complications in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection before and after highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)., Materials and Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 261 patients who underwent HAART and visited our clinic between April, 2007 and March, 2010, and recorded ocular complications, CD4 cell counts, visual acuity and other relevant patient information., Results: Befor HAART patients were found to have the following conditions: HIV retinopathy (41 cases), cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (23 cases), and others (6 cases); and after HAART HIV retinopathy (5 cases), CMV retinitis (16 cases), Immune recovery uveitis(IRU) (4 cases), and others(9 cases). The average CD4+ T-cell counts at diagnosis of CMV retinitis were 45.2/microl before and 116.7/microl after HAART., Conclusions: Since a substantial number of patients develop CMV retinitis after the initiation of HAART, we need to examine patients to check for either the onset or reactivation of CMV retinitis and IRU even after HAART.

Purpose: The anterior ocular segment topography in angle-closure glaucoma was studied using the non-contact three-dimensional anterior segment analyzer Pentacam., Subjects and Methods: The central anterior chamber (AC) depth, mid-peripheral AC depth, peripheral AC depth, AC volume, central AC depth/ocular axial length ratio and angles of a narrow angle group (47 eyes of 29 patients), a post laser iridotomy (LI) group (43 eyes of 30 patients), and an open-angle glaucoma (OAG) group (37 eyes of 21 patients) were measured and compared. In addition, changes in the parameters before and after LI (13 eyes of 9 patients) were investigated., Results: The AC volume for the narrow angle group (74.5 +/- 21.1 microl) was significantly smaller than for the other groups (post LI group: 96.4 +/- 21.4 microl; OAG group: 144.2 +/- 31.6 microl, p<0.001). The most significant association was detected between AC volume and the peripheral AC depth. Only two parameters, AC volume and peripheral AC depth, increased significantly after LI (p< 0.001)., Discussion: Measurement of the AC volume and the peripheral AC depth using Pentacam is useful for evaluating the anterior ocular segment topography in narrow angle eyes.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of substituting latanoprost(LAT) 0.005% for unoprostone(UNO) 0.12% after a trial of unilateral treatment., Methods: We treated 30 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma(n = 8), ocular hypertension (n = 1), or normal-tension glaucoma(n = 21) with UNO for 4 weeks in one eye and then substituted LAT for UNO. Four weeks later we measured the intraocular pressure(IOP) in the ipsilateral eye., Results: The mean baseline IOP level was 18.6 +/- 3.8(mean +/- standard deviation) mmHg. The mean IOP levels(reduction rates) after UNO and LAT therapy were 16.7 +/- 3.1 mmHg (16.6%) and 14.1 +/- 3.2 mmHg (28.9%), respectively(p < 0.001). All patients who responded to UNO also responded to LAT; however, 55% of those who did not respond to UNO responded to LAT., Conclusions: If LAT is substituted for UNO, it can be predicted that 63.3% of the patients will respond.