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本研究の目的は，日本人成人女性において，役割達成に関する自己評価と主観的幸福感（SWB）との関連が，評価基準によってどのように異なるかを検討することである。子どもをもつ既婚女性に対して，妻，母，就労者としての役割達成度に関して，類似他者，過去の自己，理想自己の3つの基準による自己評価が求められた。結果から，就労の有無に関わらず，各役割に関して他者を基準とした自己評価と理想自己を基準とした自己評価が高い人は，SWBも高いことが示された。過去の自己を基準とした自己評価は，常勤で就労する人たちにおいてはSWBと無関連であった。これらから，40歳代成人女性において社会的比較が重要であること，すなわち彼女達が他者との比較によって自己を査定していることが示された。また，理想自己に近づくことを目標としてもち，その達成を高く評価することが，成人女性のSWBに有効であることも示唆された。, The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effects of evaluative standards on the relationships between self-evaluation of role performance and subjective well-being among adult women. Japanese married women with children were requested to assess how well they performed their social roles as wives, mothers, and workers, by using three different evaluative standards: similar others, their past selves, and their ideal selves. The results showed that those who rated themselves high when measured against similar others or their ideal selves reported a strong sense of fulfillment, regardless of their occupational status. It was also revealed that among full-time workers, their self-evaluation in relation to their past selves were not significantly related to their subjective well-being. Importance of social comparison among women in their forties was discussed; they assess themselves by referring to other women, and striving for their ideal selves might have positive effects on their subjective well-being.

This is an investigation about when and how Japanese middle-aged women feel shiawase (a feeling of happiness) in their daily lives. Ten married women aged 34-35 of different family structures and employment statuses were interviewed by telephone. Unlike the traditional investigation about women's psychological well-being,this investigation is aimed at looking into women's feeling of happiness more concretely. The detailed questions asked at the interview included when and how they felt shiawase,life satisfaction and a sense of fulfillment plus what their ikigai(things that give them a sense of being alive) and their personal goals were.The results show that the relationships with their husbands and children in general strongly influenced the women's sense of shiawase. However,their satisfaction and personal goals were associated with paidworks and / or hobbies or other activities outside the home. Their sense of fulfillment depended on whether they accomplished their roles as housewives or as workers. Some women referred to their children as ikigai,while others did not. As the social norms and life styles of married women in ]apan have been changing,the women are trying to find the meaning of their own lives as independent people.