Descriptor: "NAD physiology" / Language: japanese - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Author: Kitaoka Y
Subjects: Amyloid metabolism, Animals, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor physiology, Estrogens physiology, Female, Humans, Mice, Middle Aged, NAD physiology, Rats, Axons physiology, Glaucoma physiopathology, Optic Nerve pathology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha physiology
Abstract: The molecular mechanism of axonal degeneration in the optic nerve remains unclear. The optic nerve contains axons and glia such as oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, as well as microglia. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON). A TNF-induced optic nerve degeneration model demonstrated primary axonal degeneration and subsequent retrograde loss of retinal ganglion cell bodies. In this review, we address the molecular mechanism of axonal degeneration from the viewpoint of the axons and surrounding glial cells. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the amyloidogenic pathway may play important roles in glial events, while nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 and thioredoxin 1 may play important roles within axons. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of axonal degeneration in the optic nerve will open a new avenue for treatment of GON by introducing the novel concept of "axoprotectant ".
Published: 2013

Author: Maruta H and Tanuma S
Subjects: Animals, Apoptosis genetics, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly genetics, DNA Repair genetics, Glycoside Hydrolases chemistry, Glycoside Hydrolases physiology, Humans, NAD physiology, Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases chemistry, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases physiology, Protein Conformation, Cell Death genetics, Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose metabolism, Protein Processing, Post-Translational genetics
Published: 2005

Author: Okamoto H
Subjects: ADP-ribosyl Cyclase genetics, ADP-ribosyl Cyclase immunology, ADP-ribosyl Cyclase physiology, ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1, Animals, Antigens, CD genetics, Antigens, CD immunology, Antigens, CD physiology, Autoantibodies, Cyclic ADP-Ribose physiology, DNA Damage, Diabetes Mellitus etiology, Humans, Insulin metabolism, Insulin Secretion, Islets of Langerhans cytology, Lectins, C-Type physiology, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mutation, NAD physiology, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases physiology, Second Messenger Systems physiology, Transcription Factors physiology, Cell Death, Islets of Langerhans physiology, Regeneration
Published: 2003

Author: Eto K and Kadowaki T
Subjects: Adenosine Triphosphate metabolism, Animals, Calcium metabolism, Citric Acid Cycle physiology, Energy Metabolism, Glucose metabolism, Glycolysis, Humans, Insulin Secretion, Islets of Langerhans metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, Potassium Channels metabolism, Glucose physiology, Insulin metabolism, NAD physiology
Published: 2002

Author: Ohno K, Tanaka M, and Sahashi K
Subjects: Animals, Electron Transport, Electron-Transferring Flavoproteins, Fatty Acids metabolism, Flavins physiology, Glutarates urine, Humans, NAD physiology, NADP physiology, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidoreductases physiology, Protein Conformation, Flavoproteins chemistry, Flavoproteins genetics, Flavoproteins physiology, Mitochondria metabolism, NAD analogs & derivatives, NADP analogs & derivatives
Published: 2002

Author: Kadowaki T
Subjects: Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Environment, Glucokinase genetics, Glucokinase physiology, Glucose metabolism, Hyperglycemia, Insulin metabolism, Insulin Resistance, Insulin Secretion, Islets of Langerhans metabolism, Life Style, Liver metabolism, Mitochondria physiology, NAD physiology, Receptor, Insulin genetics, Receptor, Insulin physiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 etiology
Published: 1999

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