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The purpose of the present paper is to introduce the influences that the relationship between the pace of exercise and efficiency has, and to endeavors to address the issue of this relationship on acute exercise for mood alteration. In order to maintain a regular exercise program it is necessary to reinforce behavior, and psychological effect should be regard as important in developing exercise habit. The efficiency of energetics ostablishes exercise modality. This paper discusses the two coupling methods of cardiac locomotor coupling and locomotor respiration coupling that can change the efficiency. These methods may decrease energy oxpenditure during exercise situations. There has been little to investigation regarding mood alteration and efficiency. However, it is possible that this relationship may be effective for stress managements. The problem is the lack of sufficient studies that lead to psychology and physiology and other field of study. Therefore, future research should focus on multidisciplinary approaches.

To examine the effects of gender on mood alteration during and after exercise, sixteen male and twenty-one female subjects were participated in marathon running. The participants were not training for marathon running especially. The Honolulu marathon in Hawaii was chosen for this study because participants were able to run at their own pace, and therefore complete the running with no time limits. It took 6hrs37min ±22.4min for the male subjects and 6hrs2min ±13.9min for the female subjects to comptete the marathon. There was no difference in the time necessary to complete the marathon between males and females. The Mood Check List-Short form, consisting of "Pleasantness", "Relaxation" and "Anxiety" subscales introduced by the authors, was completed before, 10km, 20-km, 30-km, 40-km, and immediately after running. One-way repeated measures ANOVA showed that all of these subscale scores were significantly altered by running in males and females. There was a significant difference by gender for the changes in "Pleasantness", but "Relaxation" and "Anxiety" only approached significance (p＜. 10). In addition, the females reported less responses in amount of every mood alteration than males during running.