漢方薬のセンソは約100種類のbufadienolidesを含む.Bufadienolidesは心不全治療薬であるジギタリスなどと同様の強心ステロイドであり,Na, K-ATPase活性の阻害作用を示すが,報告は少ない.本研究は,bufadienolidesのNa, K-ATPaseに対する作用とその機構を明らかにすることを目的に行った.Bufadienolidesとしてbufalin,cinobufagin,cinobufotalin,ジギタリス類としてouabainを使用し,ウサギ及びラット脳から精製したNa,K-ATPase活性に対する作用を検討した.Bufadienolidesとouabainは,ウサギ及びラット脳Na,K-ATPase活性をほぼ完全に阻害した.両Na, K-ATPase活性に対する50 %阻害濃度(IC50)は, ouabainでは290及び260 nM,bufalinでは40及び20 nM,cinobufaginでは230及び90 nM,cinobufotalinでは300及び150 nMであった.ウサギ脳Na, K-ATPaseに対するcinobufotalinを除いて,bufadienolidesはNa, K-ATPaseの特異的阻害薬とされるouabainよりも強い抑制作用を示し,特に,bufalinは強い作用を示した.また,ラット脳Na, K-ATPaseはウサギよりも強心ステロイドに対する感受性が高いことが示唆された.次に,ウサギ及びラット脳Na, K-ATPase活性のNa+,K+,Mg2+,ATP濃度依存性に対するouabain,bufalin,cinobufagin,cinobufotalinの作用を検討した.Ouabainとbufadienolidesはラット及びウサギ脳Na, K-ATPase活性の,Na+,Mg2+,ATPに対する親和性を増大し,K+に対する親和性を低下させた.これらの結果は,ouabainと本研究において使用したbufalin,cinobufagin,cinobufotalinは,同様の機構で,Na, K-ATPaseを抑制することを示唆する.すなわち,センソの強心作用及び利尿作用は,ジギタリス類と同様にNa, K-ATPaseの抑制作用に基づくことを示唆する., The use of toad venom in Chinese medicine includes approximately 100 kinds of bufadienolides. Bufadienolides are cardiotonic steroids similar to the digitalis which is a heart failure therapeutic drug, and show inhibition of the Na, K-ATPase activity, but there are few reports. This study was carried out for the purpose of determining the effects of bufadienolides on Na, K-ATPase and its mechanism. We examined the effects of bufalin, cinobufagin, cinobufotalin, and ouabain, one of digitalis-like substances, on Na, K-ATPase activity purified from rabbit and rat brains. Bufadienolides and ouabain approximately demonstrated complete inhibition of rabbit and rat brain-derived Na, K-ATPase activity. The 50 percent inhibitory concentrations for both Na, K-ATPase activites were 290 and 260 nM for ouabain, 40 and 20 nM for bufalin, 230 and 90 nM for cinobufagin and 300 and 150 nM for cinobufotalin. Excluding cinobufotalin for rabbit brain Na, K-ATPase, bufadienolides showed stronger inhibitory effect than ouabain, specific inhibitor of Na, K-ATPase, and bufalin showed particularly strong effects. It was suggested that rat brain Na, K-ATPase was more susceptible to the cardiotonic steroid than rabbit brain. We then examined the effects of ouabain, bufalin, cinobufagin, cinobufotalin on Na+, K+, Mg2+ and ATP concentration-dependency of rabbit and rat brain Na, K-ATPase activity. Ouabain and bufadienolides increased the affinity for Na+, Mg2+ and ATP of Na, K-ATPase activity, and reduced affinity for K+. These results suggest that bufalin, cinobufagin, cinobufotalin inhibit Na, K-ATPase by a similar mechanism of ouabain. In other words, cardiotonic action and diuretic effects of toad venom are based on the inhibitory effect of Na, K-ATPase similar to digitalis.