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OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the group differences in musculoskeletal injury and rehabilitation and physical exercise according to the level of handicap for female elite amateur golfers. METHODS We sampled 191 female golfers (mean age 17.61, SD=1.50) and examined individual and golf-specific characteristics, and medical history. Subgroups with different handicaps (10) were compared using one-way analysis of variance and frequency analysis tests. RESULTS In the sub-group divided by handicap level, there were significant differences between the groups in terms of career, scoring average, and greens in regulation, and in the injury-related questions, they responded in the order of muscle pain, blisters, and ligament rupture. The response rate for the body parts of injury was high in the order of wrist, lower back, and shoulder, and statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of fracture and shoulder, hand, and lower back. In the questionnaire on warm-up, stretching and practice swing showed significant differences between groups, and cool-down exercise showed significant differences only in practice swing. Finally, Fitness training time showed a significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the purpose of this study is to provide data for understanding golf injury and prevention of injury, and the results of this study can help inform further research on preventing injuries in golfers' most frequent injury areas and further establishing injury prevention management strategies.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to analyze the trend of yearly changes in adolescent body composition and health-related physical fitness variables using National Fitness Award. METHODS We sampled 209.924 adolescents (age: 13.99 ± 0.85) and investigated their body composition, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary function. Subgroups by year (2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022) were compared using one-way analysis of variance and frequency analysis tests. RESULTS In the subgroup classified by year, there were significant differences between groups in height, BMI, and gender, and there were significant differences between groups in relative grip strength, 20m PACER, and maximal oxygen consumption. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study presents changes in body composition, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary function by year as basic data to help understand adolescents' health conditions, and it is expected to provide data that can have a positive impact for future use as clinical and public health information.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to determine whether suspension training can be an effective intervention in improving functional movement in healthy adult men. METHODS The recruited subjects of Twenty healthy adult men without musculoskeletal diseases were divided into group that performed TRX exercise (n=10) and a group that performed traditional OKC exercise using a resistance machine (n=10). The variables were the deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, leg raise, push-up, and rotational stability after an 8-week exercise program. The total score of the 7 movements was calculated to compare and analyze the before-and-after changes in FMS score. All the data obtained in this study were analyzed with SPSS package (ver 21.0). To examine the effects of the suspension training program used in this study, Repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to compare the effects before and after the participation in the program. RESULTS The research results are as follows; The results of the FMS evaluation scores showed no significant differences between the TRX group and the OKC group in the deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, leg raise, and push-up evaluations, and no interaction effect was found. However, the rotational stability evaluation score showed higher scores in the TRX group after training, showing a significant interaction effect (p

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate abdominal muscles’ thickness change during abdominal hollowing with self-palpation feedback. METHODS Twenty six healthy males participated in this study. Subjects were instructed how to perform AHE on hook-lying position. Ultrasound images (transverse abdominis (TA), internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO)) were measured during resting and AHE using self-palpation feedback or pressure biofeedback. RESULTS TA thickness increased significantly with both self-palpation feedback and pressure biofeedback groups (p