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English summary posted on the last page of the text. ;最終ページに英文要約を掲載.

The replica exchange method for combinatorial optimization problems involves setting the number of replicas and their corresponding temperatures as parameters. However, if the parameter values are not appropriate, exchange of replicas cannot be performed efficiently, and an optimal solution cannot be obtained. It is thus necessary to manually set them by trial and error. In this study, a replica exchange method is proposed that can automatically set the number of replicas and their corresponding temperatures by taking into account the overlap region of replicas' cost distribution. The proposed method was applied to the traveling salesman problems and vehicle routing problems.

CAPTCHA is a type of challenge response test used to distinguish human users from malicious computer programs such as bots, and is used to protect email, blogs, and other web services from bot attacks. So far, research on enhance of CAPTCHA's resitance to bot attacks has been proceeded to counter advanced automated attacks method. However, an attack technique known as a relay attack has been devised to circumvent CAPTCHA. In this attack, since human solves CAPTCHA, the existing measures assuming bots have no effect on this attack. We designed a new CAPTCHA scheme for relay attacks tolerance and automated attacks tolerance. In this paper, we tested the robustness of the proposed method against several types of automated attacks. We constructed an experimental environment in which a relay attack can be simulated, and designed a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. As a result, we found that the proposed CAPTCHA scheme offers some of level of resistance to automated attacks and relay attacks.

A field research was conducted at a dog park to investigate the purposes and the meanings for the dog owners to take an effort to go to a dog park instead of walking around their neighborhood. It was found that dogs had roles that were different from their innate nature. The dog owners expected dogs to "have better life", "support the owners physical and psychological health", and "give the owners the opportunity to socially connect with other owners and strengthen the relationships." In order for these expectations to be met, a dog park must attract many dogs and owners as well as being safe and rich in nature. It was also suggested that by walking a dog at a dog park, dog owners could have parent-like experiences, gain physical and psychological comfort, maintain and strengthen their physical health, connect with people through dogs, gain supports from other owners, share meaningfulness with others, and strengthen and build family relationship.

application/pdf, Trusts are a way of managing assets for beneficiary. There are different types of trusts and they are taxed differently. The settlor is the person who puts assets into a trust. The trustee is the person who manages the trust. The beneficiary is the person who benefits from the trust. The settlor, in the terminology of Internal Revenue Code, the grantor who reserved the right to revoke the trust or retained beneficial enjoyment of the trust income is taxable on the trust’s income. Trusts, like corporations and individuals are income taxpaying entities. Like corporations trusts make distributions to the beneficiaries of the trust. However, these distributions will be deductible by the trust. The grantor trust rules are the direct descendants of Helvering v. Clifford (309 U.S. 331 (1940)). As early as 1924, Congress enacted the predecessors of the grantor trust rules. These early statutory grantor trust were inadequate in Clifford case. The Court held that the settlor was taxable on the trust’s income.

This paper describes the distance dependencies of a wearable-to-wearable communication using a measurement technique for transmission characteristics of intra-body communication. We developed a new EO receiver with a high gain amplifier and an electro-optic technique. The EO receiver can measure precisely asmall on-body signal in the wearable-to-wearable communication. A received signal strength is inversely proportional to the distance between the wearable devices.Key Words : Intra-body communication, Electro-optic technique, Measurement

Cloud services have become more popular because of their decreasing cost. However, it is difficult to select the optimal cloud service because there a many services whose service levels are different. We evaluate our proposed method for dynamically selecting the optimal cloud services to store data. Additionally, we evaluate using some actual cloud services and the results indicate it is possible to select an optimal combination of cloud services.Key Words : cloud computing, multi-cloud,secret sharing scheme, availability, confidentiality

This paper shows a resistance to duty comverter formed of a comparator, an operational amplifier, a resistor, and capacitor. A relation between resistance and a duty has been checked.

The highest priority over taxation on personal trusts is to establish a distinction between revocable trusts and irrevocable trusts. A beneficiary at the time of creating a trust, however, is not necessarily the beneficiary even in the future. In this regard, it is possible to make good use of personal trusts in Japan, and prevent tax evasion. It seems appropriate that the tax on a trust estate at the time of creating the trust should be borne by the trust or entity by itself, otherwise on the settler by himself. In addition, the beneficiaries should be taxed because they actually obtain the benefit. Most of the relationships between the settler and beneficiary in a personal trust agreement are family relationships. What is more, most taxation on trust beneficiaries and on trusts without beneficiaries is supposed to be regarded as personal trusts settled for personal property management. Thus we should not include taxation on trusts without beneficiaries among taxation on corporation trusts, and unify it among taxation of the beneficiaries of trusts. That is to say, there should be a division between taxation on trusts with beneficiaries and taxation on trusts without beneficiaries., (水野忠恒先生 名誉教授称号授与記念 = In Honor of Emeritus Professor Tadatsune MIZUNO)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the meaning of trust; specifically, it is an attempt to draw out the ontological and ethical meanings of trust. To this end, I shall use Niklas Luhmann’s and Anthony Giddens’s views of trust. Through considerations to their views, I present the meaning of trust as the maintenance of ontological security and emotional protection against existential anxiety. This ontological meaning of trust is related to the ethical meaning of trust. Trust has the character of a“gamble.”When I trust another person, I depend on his goodwill toward me. Trusting another person, then, reveals the ethical meaning of trust, in that the person trusted with discretionary power assumes a sense of responsibility for the person doing the trusting., 本稿は、平成27年2月16日の学位請求論文公開発表会において使用された発表原稿である。

Tor is the most famous anonymity system supporting the anonymous transport of TCP stream over the Internet. Tor provides the foundation for applications to communicate over public network without compromising their privacy. However, it cannot completely hide the size of the contents and the timing of transmission of packets. Fingerprinting attack uses these features to infer the website being accessed by the specific client, and it has become a serious threat against Tor. In this article, we propose a new countermeasure toward the fingerprinting attacks and examine the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

In recent years, mobile terminals such as the smartphone has been widely used. Most of the mobile terminals has been stored many personal information, so it is necessary to lock and unlock the screen in order to prevent from information be stolen by such as Personal Identification Number (PIN). However, in many existing authentic methods, an opportunity to enter ID and a password at a place with much public notice increases. An attack looks into a target authentication activity from a behind and thieves secret information of the target. The existing authentic method is not enough resistance to peep. In these days, moreover, a method of the attack has changed to recording an authentication activity as a movie by video camera. It also changed supposed threats of the attack. In this paper, a new authentication method is proposed that is simple but sufficiently secure even if the requirement is that it is hard for an attacker to identify user input from a video record victim's authentication activity.

In recent years, the denial of service (DoS) attack and distributed DoS (DDoS) attack is a serious problem. Particularly, to identify the attacker for DDoS attack is difficult. Extended Fragment Marking Scheme (EFMS) is one of effective countermeasures against DDoS attack. However it is possible to interfere in EFMS easily by writing an invalid value to the packet. In this paper, firstly, we show two attacks of interference, and propose countermeasure for each attack. We evaluate the proposed method by simulation.

This paper presents current situations, issues, and several practical use scenarios of anonymous communication which provides sender anonymity and receiver anonymity in a communication. As methods for providing anonymous communication on the Internet theoretically, we describe our developing anonymous communication system in addition to three anonymous communication systems Onion Routing, Crowds, and 3-Mode Net. We also consider several issues which we have to resolve in order to provide services with anonymity on the Internet actually. Furthermore, we illustrate how services with anonymity are considered when anonymous communication systems are used., 本研究の一部は，文部科学省研究費補助金（研究活動スタート支援）によるものである．

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds imperceptible signal into media, such as music and images. The watermark data can be numbers that identify the copyright holders of the media, and it is used for copyright protection principally. In this paper, first digital watermarking equipment, which was developed for the Japanese broadcast station in 1991, is presented. This equipment was in use until the end of March, 2010. It has embedded watermark signals into more than one hundred thousand TV programs during the last 20 years.

This paper prescribes an approach for providing a secure service in network environments by mobile agents (MAs) which are authenticated and protected by biometric information of their owners. By combining biometric information with shared secret information, a robust one-time key can be created to protect mobile agents and guarantees that they are totally belong to the agent’s owner. The MA stores his/her finger print information encrypted by the one-time key, and authenticated by a biometric certification server (BCA server) which manages the each agent’s SVM (support vector machine) classifier. The proposed security architecture would provide a mobile agent oriented secure service in the insecure network environments.

In recent years, DoS (Denial of Service) attack and more powerful DDoS (Distributed DoS) attack pose security problems on the Internet. As the measure to these attacks, it is important to trace attackers and stop the attacks. However, since information of the attacker is "spoofed", it is difficult to trace. Therefore, the method of specifying attackers is required. Savage et al. proposed a method to trace flooding attacks by "marking" packets. This method, however, has some problems gathering the attack packets through a lot of hops. In this paper, we propose a method to solve this problem by observing the feature of attack traffic and change the "marking probability" of the routers. we implement the both algorithm to estimate the usability of them. From the results of some experiments, we will conclude the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.

Dataset, 信州大学山地水環境教育研究センター研究報告 5: 47-94(2007)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the meaning of trust; specifically, it is an attempt to draw out the ontological and ethical meanings of trust. To this end, I shall use Niklas Luhmann’s and Anthony Giddens’s views of trust. Through considerations to their views, I present the meaning of trust as the maintenance of ontological security and emotional protection against existential anxiety. This ontological meaning of trust is related to the ethical meaning of trust. Trust has the character of a“gamble.”When I trust another person, I depend on his goodwill toward me. Trusting another person, then, reveals the ethical meaning of trust, in that the person trusted with discretionary power assumes a sense of responsibility for the person doing the trusting. 本稿は、平成27年2月16日の学位請求論文公開発表会において使用された発表原稿である。

This presents a new biometric authentication method by applying support vector machine (SVM) in mobile computing environments. The server introduced as a biometric certification server (BCA server) can au-thenticate the person himself without necessity to store and manage the raw biometric data. The BCA server re-ceives a model learned by SVM from user who wants to get authentication and only classifies the user pseudo-template data into two classes by the model, therefore it doesn’t need to manage any original biometric data. The classification ability between the person himself and the others show good in a small experiment with the training data extracted from fingerprints.

We present a watermarking technique by which a watermark image consisting of handwritten signature is hidden in the Fourier space. First, we investigate theoretically the conditions under which the original image is scarcely damaged and at the same time t

Dataset, 信州大学山地水環境教育研究センター研究報告 4: 25-56(2005)

Dataset, 信州大学山地水環境教育研究センター研究報告 (3): 85-121(2004)

Dataset, 信州大学山地水環境教育研究センター研究報告 1: 109-174(2003)

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application/pdf, 論文(Article), An evaluation of individual fingerprints is described. There is an extremely high reliability of personal identification based upon fingerprints. The purpose of this report is to prove the inequality of persons fingerprints by extracting its character. In this paper, we extracted various fingerprints and evaluated them upon similarities and differences. However, the data we got here are only some of those examples and not enough to prove this thesis. More data should be required in order to come up to a clear conclusion.

This paper prescribes an approach for authenticating and protecting mobile agent in a client-server type authentication system. By combining biometric information and shared secret information, a robust one-time key can be created to protect mobile agents and guarantees that they are totally belong to the agent’s owner. The created pseudo-biometric key doesn’t contain FAR ( false accept rate) or FRR (false reject rate).

Dataset, 信州大学理学部附属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 10: 7-249(1997)

We analytically show robustness of the spread- spectrum watermarking against the collusion, the cut-out and the additive-noise attacks, and discuss the influence of the number of people who joined in the collusion attack.

Dataset, 信州大学農学部AFC報告 8: 87-88 (2010)

Dataset, 信州大学農学部AFC報告 8: 85-86 (2010)

This paper discusses the influence of channel of lightweight-aggregate particle on the absorption properties of lightweight-aggregates, based on the results of test on the strength of concrete. It is concluded that the channel of the aggregate particle is, in general, the most important single factor affecting absorption properties of lightweight-aggregates.