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精練した絹布と6 種の異なる条件下で硫酸処理した絹布、計7 種の絹試料について、アンモニアの消臭挙動をテドラーバッグー検知管法で調べた。市販活性炭のアンモニアの消臭挙動を対照として示している。 0.05 ｇのそれぞれの試料について、残存アンモニア濃度と時間の関係を調べたところ、残存アンモニア濃度が、酸処理の温度と時間と共に、擬指数関数型で小さくなることが分かった。 絹試料について、初期のアンモニア残存濃度の減少から、みかけの消臭速度k と消臭容量C を評価した。酸処理温度と時間が増すと、k とC の値は大きくなった。80℃で120 分処理した試料の消臭曲線は活性炭のそれと近くなった。, In this study, deodorization properties for ammonia were studied using Tedlar bag and detection tube method for seven silk samples. These included a scoured silk fabric and six samples treated with sulfuric acid under different conditions. Deodorization of ammonia using a commercial activated carbon was included in the measurements as a reference. Measurements of the residual ammonia concentration vs. time for 0.05g of each sample revealed that the ammonia residual concentration was reduced with the temperature of the acid treatment and with the treatment time in a pseudoexponential shape. Based on the decreases in the ammonia residual amounts in the initial stage, the apparent rate constant, k, of the deodorization and the deodorization capacity, C, were estimated for the silk samples and activated carbon. The values of k and C increased with the treatment temperature and time. With the sample treated at 80℃ for 120 min, the deodorization curve approximated that obtained with activated carbon.

[Abstract]The authors have been researching how to renew the fats and oils of many fruit seeds. As part of these related studies, we clarified the properties and fatty acid composition of Brazilian nut seed oil. Next, as an application development, we examined the deodorizing effect on familiar odor components. As a result, a high deodorization rate (over 80%) was obtained for isovaleric acid, (E)-2-nonenal and dimethyl trisulfide. In addition, as a use of seed husk excluding oil, the pH was adjusted after pulverization. Subsequently, when saccharification reaction by enzyme and fermentation reaction by yeast were performed, bioethanol was obtained, and an interesting result could be obtained.

Very recently, dyeing of cotton with green leaf extract, the main component of which is chlorophyll, has been attained. Since chlorophyll has various important functions to be utilized, this preliminary investigation aimed to dye cotton, a multi-micropored material, by the extract with pre- and post- mordanting with acetates of aluminum and calcium. The results show, not the metal ions, organic components, of chlorophyll, porphyrins, have certain deodorization ability. Also, post-mordanted aluminum ion has a sizable effect to enhance the absorption rate of ammonia. Thus, it is found that this combination of natural substances shows a promising property as a deodorization material.

本研究は，在宅用に開発された消臭機を病室内の臭気対策に応用し，その性能評価を実施するとともに，おむつ交換の手技を統一することで，おむつ交換時に発生する臭気の拡散を抑え，病室全体の臭気のレベルが改善可能かどうか明らかにすることを目的とした． 病室内に消臭機を設置する前の臭気強度は1 ～ 2であり，何らかの臭気の存在を感じていたが，消臭機の設置により，臭気強度は1 未満となり，病室内全体はほぼ無臭に近い状態となった．一般住宅の在宅療養用に開発された消臭機であったが，4床室程度の病室には2台の設置により消臭効果が認められた． 7分の時間を要した従来のおむつ交換方法は，排泄物の空気中への曝露時間が長くなり，病室全体の臭気のレベルが上昇したが，統一した手技によるおむつ交換では，所要時間が2分に短縮され，おむつ交換直後の臭気強度は3.0，その後は1.5未満まで低下し，臭気のレベルが低減された．おむつ交換時間の短縮と排泄物の空気中への曝露時間を抑えることで適切な臭気の発生源管理ができ，病室全体の臭気のレベルを改善することが可能となった．, In this study, the performance evaluation was conducted on whether the deodorizer manufactured for home can be applied to mitigate of patient room odor. Moreover, it demonstrated whether or not unifying adult diaper exchange procedure prevents dispersion of odor and improve the level of odor in patient room. The odor intensity before installing a deodorizer in patient room was 1 ～ 2 and it was thought that it indicates the presence of some odor. However, the odor intensity became less than 1 by installing a deodorizer and the condition inside the patient room changed into almost odorless. For a capacious patient room about the size of 4-bed room, the deodorization efficiency was recognized by installing two deodorizers for home. Since the exposure time of excrement in the air was long when the traditional method of adult diaper exchange in 7 minutes, the level of patient room odor rose. However, using the unified procedure of adult diaper exchange cut the required time to 2 minutes. Furthermore, the odor intensity immediately after adult diaper exchange was 3.0 and it fell to less than 1.5 after that, thus the odor level went down. It became possible to improve the level of patient room odor by shortening the time of adult diaper exchange and excrement exposure in the air.

The air cleaning is one of the social problems from the view of the living environment and the health recently. A commercial kitchen and food factory generate the exhaust gas including the odorous components and the oil-mist, but it is difficult to clean this gas without frequent maintenance for disposal of oil. Various ideas have been suggested and used for it, but the decisive solution has not been found yet. This paper is concerning of proposal of the photocatalyst method which used the condensation together to clean the gas including oil-mist and odorous component, and it was clarified experimentally about the influence of operation condition and surface shape of the condensation side for the removal of oil-mist and the odorous components of formaldehyde, amine and ammonia.

The detergency, that is the effect on removal of particle soil, on soiling prevention and on deodorization etc., of the electrolyzed water was compared with that of the pure water. The electrolyzed water, i.e. the alkaline ion liquid and the acid ion liquid, was produced using an electricity resolution production device. The wet artificially soiled cloths were washed at 40? in each liquid for 10 minutes by a Terg-O-tometer. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used as detergent. The removal efficiency of carbon black was demanded by applying an expression of Kubelka-Munk on the basis of the surface reflection rates of the test cloths. The soiling rates of the test pieces of white polyester were calculated on the surface reflection rates after they were washed with the wet artificially soiled cloths. The smoke of a cigarette (tar 12 mg, nicotine 1.0 mg) was absorbed by the test cloths of wool muslin in a glass container sealed up for 24 hours, and they were washed only with water afterwards. The stench of the specimens was measured with a smell meter, and the deodorant efficiency of the stench was calculated afterwards. The detergency was all good in order of the alkaline ion liquid, the pure water, the acid ion liquid. The property of dispersing solid particles of each liquid was dependent on the ingredients included in each liquid, the pH of the liquid and the hardness of water. The power of dispersing particles of the alkaline ion liquid was the biggest in three kinds of liquids used.