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The laser doppler flowmeter was developed by Stern in 1975 and applied for practical use by Nilsson et al. in 1980. Since then, it has been used in various fields of medicine. The primary advantages of this device an that it is noninvasive and can monitor the blood flow continuously and rapidly. We used a Laser doppler flowmeter to continuously monitor the change in the oral peripheral blood flow due to changes in the body position of patients in a dental chair, since such changes are unavoidable during the course of dental treatment. A change from the sitting position to the supine position caused an increase in oral blood flow in 19 of 20 patients. In terms of the mean value per minute, oral blood flow was 23% greater in the supine position.

The pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin (NFLX) was studied in 5 patients with chronic renal failure and rats with renal obstruction. The drug was orally given to patients on on- and off-dialysis days in a crossover fashion. Serum levels of NFLX showed a similar profile during both on- and off-dialysis days, and the hemodialysis treatment did not affect the elimination of the drug from the serum. The mean serum elimination half-life was 8.8 +/- 1.2 hours (standard error) for on- dialysis day and it was 7.0 +/- 0.8 hours for off-dialysis day. The urinary recovery of NFLX for 24 hours was less than 0.1% of administered doses in these patients. Rats with renal obstruction exhibited higher drug levels in serum for longer periods of time and elevated biliary excretion ratios in comparison to sham-operated rats, and no significant change in the fraction of biliary metabolites was observed. The biliary excretion of NFLX was likely to be enhanced in patients with renal failure.

In this present paper, we reported the stability of osteosynthesis using a special type of mini-plate for mandibular fractures as evaluated from a mechanical study with static loading. The materials used in this study were fifteen bars made of acrylic resin, each divided at the center of its length into two parts to simulate a condition of mandibular body fracture. Following the fixation of these materials with mini-plates firmly attached between their cut ends, the bars were secured in a vice at one end and a static load was applied from the vertical direction at the other end. The amount of displacement of the loaded end was investigated with a displacement-measuring device, and the strains on mini-plates and test bars were measured with strain gauges. A comparative study was conducted on three kinds of mini-plates: 1) Group S, fixed with one Champy mini-plate, 2) Group W, fixed with two Champy mini plates, 3) Group T, fixed with one double-T-type mini-plate. The following results were obtained: 1) The amount of displacement was largest in the vertical direction and smallest in the horizontal direction in the three groups. Especially in group T, it was smaller the longitudinal and horizontal axes than in the other two groups. 2) Longitudinal strain of the plate was smallest in group W. However, the strain on the test bar was smallest group S. Especially , in group T, the largest compressive strain was observed at the lower portion of the synthesized ends.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ceftezole, an antibiotic of cephalosporin C derivative was applied to treatment in 39 patients with odontogenic inflammation or postoperative infections. The drug was administered intravenously (1-5 g/day) for the period of 5-10 days. Twenty of them were administered jointly with gamma-globulin (Gamma-Venin). Therefore, we compared clinically between the group of ceftezole with Gamma-Venin and the other group without it. But no difference was noticed statistically between these groups. No side effect was observed with throughout all the cases.

Successive changes in the vascular pattern during the osseous healing of extraction wounds were investigated by studying microvascular casts under a scanning electron microscope. The casts were prepared utilizing the plastic injection method, after the extraction of the upper four incisors of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). Five days after extraction, vascular buds have sprouted from a pre-existing blood vessel on the alveolar wall into the blood clot, and leakage of the plastic injected was found from the tips of these buds. One week after extraction, newly-formed vessels have extended widely to the socket center, and dilated vessels have arborized towards the socket opening. Two weeks after extraction, the socket was filled with thick, newly-formed vessels. In the socket fundus, the woven bone was formed between irregular vascular networks, but was arranged different in the socket wall. Four weeks after extraction, the new bone forming on the socket wall became thickened and converted to a lamella-like bone. Inside it the woven bone was raised from the fundus, and blood vessels leaving it were decreased in their thickness and passed toward the socket center. Five weeks after extraction, the new bone structures came up to the level of the socket opening, the surface of which appeared as a shallow concavity (pivot), from which vascular bundles were directed to the socket opening. A beginning of the bone-remodeling was seen in osseous trabeculae in the socket fundus. Six weeks after extraction, almost all of the socket became filled with new trabeculae, between which, fine vascular networks were sorted out and communicated with the periosteal vascular network beyond the socket margin. The interalveolar septum between the extraction sockets was thickened by deposition of the lamella-like bone to be remodeled to a cancellous bone. It can be said that microvascular patterns formed through all stages of the osseous healing of the extraction wounds contributed to a woven bone formation and its development.

Copyright of Journal of Groundwater Hydrology is the property of Japanese Association of Groundwater Hydrology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Groundwater Hydrology is the property of Japanese Association of Groundwater Hydrology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Community Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences is the property of Pharmacy Society of Japan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Hot Spring Sciences / Onsen Kagaku is the property of Japanese Society of Hot Spring Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho is the property of Japanese Society of Animal Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to fabricate dense ZrO2-Al2O3 ceramics by pressure-less sintering, three kinds of granules of calcined neutralization co-precipitated 75 mol% ZrO2(2.0 mol%Y2O3)-25 mol%Al2O3 powders added with a small amount of cellulose nanofiber (CNF), i.e., (2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl)-oxidized (TEMPO) CNF, non-oxidized CNF and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared and compacted. Then, they were sintered at 1523 K for 8.64·104 s in air. The granules prepared via the addition of 0.15 mass% TEMPO-CNF revealed a low relative density Dr for powder compacts (43.0%), however, they showed the highest Dr (99.8%) of sintered ceramics with the excellent mechanical properties, i.e., Vickers hardness Hv of 15.4 GPa, fracture toughness KIC of 18.2 MPa·m1/2 and bending strength σb of 882 MPa. These properties are almost the same as those fabricated by pulsed electric-current pressure sintering (PECPS). This might be explained in terms of i) the charged 1st particles induced by TEMPO-oxidized CNF addition could form the nano meter-gap between the primary particles in the granules, and then ii) this nano meter-gap could suppress the particle-sintering at relatively low temperatures, and then much densification at high temperatures could be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow & Ice / Seppyo is the property of Japanese Society of Snow & Ice and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)