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論文(Article), The thermal stress of polyurethane yarn was studied in the relation with heat setting conditions. In the previous paper we proposed the simple model in order to explain the thermal stress of drawn fibers. It was compsed of N springs which have a strain distribution. And it reproduced well some expriments of the thermal stress. But we did not discuss on the reasons why the model had the strain distribution. In this paper we discussed the relation between the strain distribution of the model and heat setting conditions. It was discussed qualitatively by the generalized Maxwell model.

論文(Article), This paper deals with some double resonance vibrators with the differnt kind of vibration modes or the same ones in a disk, that is; (1) the double resonace modes by combination of differerent two modes of the flexual B_(20) mode(two nodali circlie and no nodali diameter) and the radiali(R, 1-st) mode in a disk, ane (2) the orthogonal double resonance modes of the two flexual B_(ll) modes (one nodal circle and one nodal diameter) or the two counter ((1,1)) modes in a disk. The equivalent constants in each mode of the disk mentioned above, e.g., the equivalent inductance L_0, the equivalent capacitance C_0 and the capacitance ratio γ are calculated, and the dimensions of piezoelectric materials or electrodes to satisfy next two conditions for design of the double mode filter are described, that is, (1) one condition (L_0=L'_0) for the symmetrical attenuation characteristic of double mode fiiter, (2) The other condition for the minimum capacitance ratio which brings about a broad band filter. The results of this paper are useful for the design of the double mode filter.

論文(Article), This paper deals with principles of construction and design methods for the mechanical filter with an attenuation pole. The mechanical filter presented here consists of three transverse vibrating resonators which are coupied with torsionally vibrating couplers. Moreover, the no-neighbouring resonators are directly combined with the transversely vibrating coupler, and this mechanical coupling is useful for the generation of an attenuation pole. By changing the positions of the mechanical coupling, an attenuation pole generates on either an upper side or a lower one of the pass-band. Two kinds of the construction of a mechanical filter are described in this paper; one is the mechanical filter with three resonators of equal size, and the other is the mechanical one of which the central resonator is twice as broad as others. Theoretical analyses in this paper are applicable not only to the mechanical filter described here, but also to the mechanical one consisting of the tuning forks.

論文(Article), The free vibrations of uniform circular plates with a rigid ring or with some rigid weights or bars around their outer peripheries have been investigated by TAKAHASHI and others. They have obtained exact solutions, but have not entered into detail with respect to high order frepuencies and mode shapes. In this paper, we investigate, over a wide range of frequencies, the free vibration of a uniform circular plate which is built in at the inner periphery and some rigid weights around outer periphery by Ritz's method. Specially,we study mode shapes of the vibration which have not been entered into detail in above-mentioned papers. We also obtain the exact solution. The solutions obtained by Ritz's method are compared with exact ones. We recognize that both solutions are in excellent agreement in the lower range of frequencies.

論文(Article), This paper describes systematically an outline of polyphase electric oscillation which is entirely a new blanch of electric engineering and contains the following items. Chapter I Treatment of Polyphase Oscillation Section 1 Generation of Polypase Oscillation 1.1.1. Fundamentals. 1.1.2. Phase-shift of circuit and polyphase oscillation. 1.1.3. Single phase and two phase circuits. 1.1.4. Symmetrical three phase circuit. 1.1.5. Polyphase circuit using magnetron. 1.1.6 Frequency stability. Section 2 Modulation and Amplification of Polyphase Waves 1.2.1. Fundamentals of modulation. 1.2.2. Modulation of polyphase wave by polyphase signal wave. 1.2.3. Modulation of single phase wave by polyphase signal wave. 1.2.4. Multiple communicatiou. 1.2.5. Frequency transformation by polyphase wave. 1.2.6. Fundamentals of amplification. 1.2.7. Feedback amplification circuit. 1.2.8. Interphase feedback polyphase amplification circuit. 1.2.9. Compensating amplification cicuit. Section 3 Measurement of Polyphase Waves 1.3.1. Funda entals. 1.3.2. Determination of phase rotation of three phase wave. 1.3.3. Determination of phase rotation of polyphase U. H. F. wave. 1.3.4. Measurement of unsymmetrical three phase wave. 1.3.5. Measurement of unsymmetrical three phase U. H. F. wave. 1.3.6. Measuremeut of general polyphase U. H. F. waves. Chapter II Calculation aud Utilization of Polyphase Waves Section 1 Fundamental Calculation 2.1.1. Expression of sinusoidal wave. 2.1.2. Calculation of αγβ. 2.1.3. Expression of polyphase sinusoidal wave. 2.1.4. Composition of symmetrical polyphase sinusoidal waves. 2.1.5. Expression of polyphase distorted wave. 2.1.6. Composition of polyphase distorted waves. 2.1.7. Travelling wave. Section 2 Polyphase Magnetic and Electric Fields 2.2.1. Fundamentals. 2.2.2. Magnetic field by fixed polyphase current. 2.2.3. Magnetic field by rotating polyphase current. 2.2.4. Electric field by fixed symmetrical polyphase wave source. 2.2.5. Electric field by fixed unsymmetrical polyphase wave source. 2.2.6. Electric field by fixed travelling wave source. 2.2.7. Wave on receiving antenna. Section 3 Fxamples of Polyphase Circuits 2.3.1. Travelling wave transformer. 2.3.2. Difference between ordinary transformer and travelling wave transformer. 2.3.3. Magnetic field in the gap of single phase induction motor. 2.3.4. Magnetic field in the gap of repulsion motor. 2.3.5. Symmetrical polyphase parallel lines. 2.3.6. Distributed and travelling e. m. f. circuit. Section 4 Polyphase Antennas 2.4.1. Fundamentals. 2.4.2. Travelling weve antenna. 2.4.3. Antenna with elements distributed on a line. 2.4.4. Antenna with elements distributed on a circle. 2.4.5. Antenna with ring elements. 2.4.6. Antenna with combined elements of lines and rings. 2.4.7. Examples of experimental antennas. Section 5 Shift and Rotation of Radiation Beam of Antenna 2.5.1. Fundamentals. 2.5.2. Method by control elements. 2.5.3. Method by goniometers. 2.5.4. Method by phase modulation. 2.5.5. Method by amplitude modulation. Conclusion List of reference papers

論文(Article), In the previous paper,^1) we investigated the effects of inhomogenity on reflection of electromagnetic waves and the results were applied to a case of snow-covered land in our snowy districts in a view of giving a fundamental radio data for waves higher than VHF. But a theoretical formulae of reflection which corresponds to the snows of which permittivity changes as e = c - ae^-bz contains always the modefied Bessel function with an imaginary order. Numerical calculations, in such a case, are very troublesome. In this paper, it is shown that the above difficulty is well settled for waves higher than UHF using a asynlptotic expansion technics of linear differential equation of second order. Moreover, it is mentioned that a reflection problem of vertically polarized waves from inhomogeinity such as e = a (1 + bz) is solved by the same method.

論文(Article), Recently, multi-mode filters consisting of multi-resonances of one vibrator attract much attention. This paper deals with new constructions and experimental results of multi-mode filters in low frequencies. First, the constructions, driving methods and experimental results of the multi-mode filters in low frequencies of 50-200Hz are described. These filters are construsted by combing two square plates of double resonance and one coupler. Second, multi-mode filters at the center frequency of 5-10kHz are treated. These filters are easily constructed by connecting two rectangular thin plates crosswise, and are of small size. The filters in this paper will be more available, because L-C filters in low frequencis of about 100Hz become very large.

論文(Article), This paper deals with the basic experimental results on the mechanical signal generator, which is applicable as the signal source in the push-button telephone set or the end apparatus of data transmission. As the signal source of the equipment shown in this paper, the tuning forks are used, and the reed vibrators can be also used. The largest problem in the equipment using the mechanical vibrator is the rise and fall time of signal. The equipment described here has the quick rise time by giving an initial displacement to the mechanical vibrator. When the signal generator is set into operation, the magnetic binding force to the vibrator disappears and then the vibrator begins to vibrate in the free damped vibration. The signal generated with the free damped vibration is picked up piezo-electrically or magnetically. Two kinds of the construction of the signal generator are described in this paper, one is the electromagnetic drive and piezo-electric pick up type, and the other is the electromagnetic drive and electromagnetic pich up one. This equipment has wide application and will be used widely.

論文(Article), This paper deals with the experimental results on a disk or a ring with double resonant frequencies of the contour (2,2) modes and its application to the electro-mechanical filters. The vibrator of disk or ring is made of piezo-ceramic, e.g. BaZrTiO_3-ceramic, and the filter is constructed with one body of the ceramic, so that it is small and light. First, the double resonance disk of the ((2,2)) mode is explained in detail about the arrangement and division of electrodes, the separation of degenertion modes and the partial electrodes for improving the capacitance ratio and so on. And then the filter consisting of such a ceramic disk is discussed. Secondly, the double resonance ring of the ((2,2)) mode is explained in detail about the capacitance ratio and some spurious resonances for the inner diameter to the outside one (D_2)/(D_1) and so on. And then the filter consisting of such a ceramic ring is discussed experimentally. In general, muiti-mode filters are constructed by utilizing the internal coupling among multi-resonance modes or the independent multi-resonance modes without internal coupling in a vibrator, and this paper deals with the filters of independent multi- modes. The degeneration modes in a vibrator, moreover, can be separated into orthogonal resonance modes under some asymmetric construction, and the separation in this paper is accomplished by cutting off some parts or circumference of the vibrator. The composite type filter can be also constructed by using these vibrators of double resonance mode and couplers. The filters will be also introduced into such an active IC component part as an ampli-filter or a modulator.

論文(Article), In this paper, by giving some examples of new constructions of electro-mechanical filters, the theory of design of these filters is explain and some more experimental results on these filters are reported on the mechanical filter of which the couplers vibrate transversely to their long axis, and on the mechanical filter with attenuation poles in the attenuation band. A construction and design method of the ultra-narrow pass-band mechanical filter excited electrostrictively is also stated. The fundamental analysis and the principle of design of the electro-mechanical filter have already been reported in the paper ; M KONNO, Theoretical of Mechanical Filters, Journal of I.E.C.E Japan, Jan.(1957).

論文(Article), This paper deals with the experimental results of muitiple mode vibrators using degenerative modes in a rectangular or a square plate and a triangular one for the purpose of application to the electro-mechanical filters. It is first described that some multiple mode vibrators are obtained by combination of the same modes or the different ones in a rectangular or a square plate having many resonance modes of contour, bending, radial and other vibrations. In this paper, the double resonance vibrators using two modes of the plate mentioed above are mainely discussed from the viewpoint of the capacitance ratio in resonance modes and the easiness of adjusting two resonant frequencies, and moreover some vibrators suitable or not suitable for construction of the electro-mechanical filters and having needs of some contrivances for practical use are related. It is consequently pointed out that the vibrators, using two same modes in the secondary resonance of bending vibration and in the primary resonance of contour vibration, may be most suitable for practical use. The resonant frequencies of these vibrators are easily adjusted by the side length ratio or cutting off corners of a square plate. The experimental results of the filters consisting of these vibrators, moreover, are also expressed. Secondly, the multiple mode vibrators using two or three modes of a triangular plate are described. It is experimentally recognized that there are two different modes of contour vibration suitable for construction of the filter. The filfer using three modes of bending vibration is also denoted but the filter using three modes is not suitable for practical use, because of many spurious responses and large capacitance ratio. In this paper, the temperature and aging characteristics of the filter are not described, because the purpose of this paper is only in an experimental study about mode comdinations of multiple mode vibrators suitable or not suitable for construction of the filter.

論文(Article), The Vibrations of a rotating circular plate are very important ploblem in Engineering. The difficulties of an exact solution for the equation of motion have developed some approximate methods. For example, Southwell published the very interesting paper in 1922. He analyzed this ploblem by treating the two following cases separately, (1) considering only the flexural rigidity (2) neglecting the flexural rigidity and considering only the effect of centrifugai force. In this paper, we treat the transverse vibrations of a circular plate of uniform thickness rotating about its axies with constant velocity. The circular plate is clamped with inner circle, having the uniform load on the outer circle. We solve this problem by Ritz's method and Galerkin's. The Lagrangian consists of three energies, (1) works by centrifugal force, (2) kinetic energy of a disk, (3) strain energy of a disk. We assume the deflection of a circular disk as a linear series of the admissible functions, and obtain the frequency equations adjusting the arbitrary coefficients in the series so as to minimize the Lagrangian. Considering the amount of calculations and their accuracy, Ritz's method is more convenient than Galerin's in this case. So we treat the all by Ritz's method. The experiments are carried out and their results are compared with theoretical ones.

論文(Article), This paper is a report of experimental results on electromechanical filter using two resonances of the first symmetrical mode and the second asymmetrical mode of a frame-vibrator of clamped-free type or free-free type. The mechanical filter is easily composed of the frame vibrator with double resonance in simple construction, and the pass-band of the filter is widely adjusted by changing the position and the dimensions of rod-couplers connecting two parallel arms of the frame. The center frequency of the filter, is lowered by adding concentrated mass at the loop of vibration of the arm, and it is possible to obtaine a composite filter with higher characteristics by cascade connection of such filters, therefore it is expected to be put to practical use hereafter. The paper, first, shows some experimental results on the mechanical filter consisting of a frame-cantilever (claniped-free type) with double resonance, and the differential type filter using these two cantilevers. Secondly, the paper explaines on the mechanical filter consisting of a frame-bar (free-free type) with double resonnance, and the differential type filter composed of two frame-bars with single resonance. Values of the normalized constant of resonant frequency on the frame-cantilever, moreover, are shown in appendix for refererence.

論文(Article), Author has reported on a firing circuit for the thyristor (SCR) amplifier of which the controlcharacteristic is not affected by the supply voltage variation. The firing circuit is composed of a saturable reactor and a magnetic amplifier. In case of half-wave type, good results are experimentally obtained. In case of full-wave type, however, the reset flux change is affected by the supply voltage variation when the resistance of control circuit of the magnetic amplifier is small. In order to prevent its effect, it is necessary to use a series or parallel compensating circuit in the control circuit. This paper offers a new firing circuit of full-wave type. This circuit is composed of a saturable reactor and an auxiliary thyristor and is different from a usual circuit of full-wave type. The circuit is simple in construction and smaller than the usual circuit of full-wave type, and it has a special merit that a pair elements with identical characteristics do not need to be prepared. This paper describes the principle of performance and the criteria of circuit design, and shows the experimental results of the firing circuit designed according to the criteria. The appropriateness of the design is also discussed.

論文(Article), There are some papers for the vibrations of a ladder type frame work which consists of two straight bars (both ends built-in) with some bars connected perpendicularly to them. In this paper we treat the vibrations of the H type frame work and the ladder type frame work in which all elements are of the same material and section. The numerical calculations are carried out and the comparison with experimental data are made.

論文(Article), This paper deals with the resonant frequency, resonant mode and the equivalent constants of longitudinal vibrator excited electrostrictively. The longitudinal vibrator used here vibrates in the first mode, and excited by the electrostrictive materials bonded on the both ends of the metal rod. This longitudinal vibrator is suitable for a transducer-resonator of the narrowband mechanical filter, because this vibrator exhibits excellent properties as compared with the Langevin type vibrator in terms of high Q, low temperature coefficient and the employment of an ordinary metal rod for coupler. But in general the impedance of electrostrictive materials bonded to drive the metal rod cannot be neglected as compared with the impedance of the metal rod. When the impedance of the electrostrictive material is not negligible, the resonant frequency and the resonant mode of longitudinal vibrator differ from those of the metal rod only. Therefore the mechanical filter with the use of the electrostrictive transducer-resonator must be designed after due consideration of the effects of impedance of the electrostrictive material. This vibrator is analyzed by the use of the analogy between mechanical system and electrical networks. The calculation results and the experimental results of the transducer-resonator are shown in this paper.

論文(Article), This paper intends to establish an equivalent electrical network of the tuning-fork clock of magnetic escapement type, considering the mechanism of energy conversion from electrical energy to mechanical one. When we design or analyze the magnetic escapement, it is very useful for us to express the mechanism by equivalent circuit, because these considerations make it possible to be treated the problems as a transmission circuit. The paper presents the fundamental equations of the energy conversion for the mechanism of magnetic coupling between tuning-fork vibrator and escape wheel, and derives an equivalent electrical circuit from the equations. The paper proposes, moreover, a principle of optimum design for the magnetic escapement type clock under the transmission theory with the equivalent circuit. These will be developed to study the problem, hereafter. Lastly, in appendix, it explaines the procedure of calcuiating the value of each element of the equivalent circuit, and, for reference, it adds another consideration by image parameter for the design of the equipment.

論文(Article), In this paper, the theoretical and experimental study on the electro-mechanical filters of λ/4 - coupler type is described First, the equivalent circuits of these kinds of mechanical filters are discussed. The two design methods of the filters are given and the experimental investigations on the methods are shown. Next, on the basis of the above fundamental consideration, the authors develop the synthesis of the filters by an exact-design method. The type of the electro-mechanical filters used in this experiments are electro-strictive and longitudinal-vibration coupler one. In the last chapter, the authors, from the point of practical use, investigated the miscellaneous type of the fi1ters; one of them is constructed of a disc resonator of radial-vibration, and the other is of a disc resonator of transversal-vibration. The special features of the investigation in this paper are as follows: 1) the application of the notion of imaginary gyrator to λ/4-coupler mechanical filters and the analysis by equivalent circuit, 2) the synthesis of the electro-mechanical filters by an exact-design method, 3) the investigation of some new types of mechanical filter for practical use.

論文(Article), The present research was undertaken with the object of extending the utilization of toluene. p-Xylylenedichloride (PXDC) and related compounds contain aromatic nucleus and aliphtaic reactive bifunctional groups, therefore they are expected to converted into the various useful products. In this paper, the syntheses of the following compounds and their applications were treated 1. The synteses of PXDC: The chloromethylation of benzyl chloride in the presence of the catalyst in aq.solution with formaldehyde and HCl has been found to yield o- and m-isomer besides PXDC. In this paper zinc perchlorate was used as the catalyst and the optimum conditions to form the PXDC as major product in this reaction were determined. 2. The syntheses of amino-p-xylylenedithiosulphate: This compound was synthesized by the reduction of nitro-p-xylylenedithiosulphate (NPXDTS) with Fe in the presence of ferrous sulphate in aq.solution at 30℃, 4 hours. The NPXDTS was prepared by the reaction of aq.sodium thiosulphate solution and the methanol solution of NPXDC, which was readily obtained by the mononitration of PXDC. The amino-PXDTS was applied to the syntheses of the polycondensation dyes. 3. The syntheses of nitro-p-xylylenediol: This conpound was synthesized by the hydrolysis of NPX-diacetate, which was readily prepared by the reaction of NPXDC with potassium acetate in glacial acetic acid. The NPX-diol gave the amino-PX-diol by the so called Bechamp reduction, and gave also the azo-, azoxy- and hydrazo-derivativs by the alkaline zinc dust reduction. The hydrazo-derivative was converted into benzidinederivatives by the benzidine rearrangement. These aminocmpounds were used as the diazocomponents of the azodyes.

論文(Article), In general, the isolators or the one-way transfer circuits are realized by combining an electrical gyrator and an aditional resistance. This paper deals with both the one-frequency gyrtor and the wide band frequency gyrator. The one-frequency gyrator is provided by combining two dual types of the electromecanical transducers and is the magneto electrostrictive vibrator which is made of the ferrite bars bonded to a barium titanate plate. And the wide band frequency gyrator can be formed by using the Hall element of a semiconductor. In the isolator consisting of all electromechanical transducer, the transfer direction in the one-way system can be changed by employing the capacitance instead of the inductance which is used as the shunt impebance of the network connected in series with the gyrator. At the latter part of this paper, the gyrator consisting of the Hall element is discnssed and a new treatment of the equivalent circuits of the Hall element is described. The experimental results shows that the voltage transfer ratio of front to backward is about 35 db for the frequencies below 10 kc/s.

論文(Article), This paper explains the antenna which is constructed with symmetrically arranged elements and projects sharp radiation beam. A merit of this antenna is the possibility of shifting the radiation beam in any direction at desired speed by a suitable goniometer, the antenna body being fixed. The followings are the items of this paper. Preface Chapt. 1 Crown Antennas 1.1 Crown antenna 1.2 Double-crown Antenna Chapt. 2 Sunrise type and other Antennas 2.1 Sunrise Antenna 2.2 Polygon Antenna 2.3 Diamond Antenna Chapt. 3 Ring type Antennas 3.1 Standing Wave Ring Antenna 3.2 Travelling Wave Ring Antenna 3.3 Divided Ring Antenna 3.4 Wheel Antenna 3.5 Drum Antenna Chapt. 4 Miscellany 4.1 Comparison of various Antennas 4.2 Notes on Measurements Conclusion

論文(Article), This paper describes theoretical studies of the transformation ratio and the specific band width on four types of ceramic trans-filters. Eache cramic trans-filter discussed here consists of the longitudinally vibrating resonator and differs only in the electrode-arrangement on the resonator. In the electrode-arrangement as shown in the first half (i･e･, section 1 and 2) of this paper, it is found that a large transformation ratio can be obtained and the larger the ratio is, the smaller the specific band width becomes. Consequently, it appears that these ceramic trans-filters should be used as a trans-filter having a large transformation ratio and a narrow band width. Moreover, the cermic trans-filters having a small transformation ratio and a wide band width are also discussed in the latter half (i･e･, section 3 and 4), and these trans-filters differ from the above trans-filters on the electrode-arrgngement. Since the coupling capacitances between the input and output terminals have only less effects on the specific band width, ceramic trans-filters are discussed in disregard of these capacitances in this paper. But the effects of the coupling capacitances are discussed in the appendix, because the characteristic of an infinite attenuation-pole is obtained by these capacitances.

論文(Article), This paper is a report of some theoretical analysis and experimental results on the standard vibrators in the range of audio and carrier freqency. The standard vibrator disccused in this paper is a free-free bar at both ends and vibrates along its long axis. We call this tuning bar ”Longitudinal Type Onpen”. The design methods of these standard vibrators, the deviation between the theoretical and the experimental values and the supporting conditions are explained. (See, ”Mechanciacal Vibrator ONPEN as Frequecy Standard.” K. Nagai and M. Konno. Sci. Rep. R.I.T.U., B, (Ele. Comm.) Vol.4, NO.1,Dec. 1952, in English)

論文(Article), The authors proposed a new method of pulse width modulator which can read out non-destructively by a square wave voltage of the comparatively low frequency (50 Hz). This modurator is constructed from the two-hole core which is made from laminating sheets of the Fe-Ni 50% permalloy with square loop properties. This paper indicate a few points of the doubt in the modurator. Various hysteresis loops and B-H curves are drawn by means of Ballistic method. Moreover, many measurements give us the minor hysteresis loop behavior during partial flux reversal and the relation between leakage flux and number of readout in the operation for the modurator. From the experimental results, the memory holding characteiistics are discussed, and the propriety is estimated by the method adopted for the improvement.

論文(Article), In this paper, useful equivalent networks for mechanical vibrating systems are presented, which are obtained by the methods of both mobility and impedance analogies. For transversely vibiating bars with various end-conditions, many tables of the equivalent networks are given for the convenience of practical calculations by using a digital computer By using these tables, a resonant frequency of a bar and its vibration mode can be easily calculated. Moreover, composit mechanical systems consisting of unit systems, for example, stepped bars and L type bars are also examined by the analogical methods,and resonant frequencies and vibration modes for these examples are shown.

論文(Article), When a plate with air discharing through its center is brought near a flat disc, the resultant partial vacuum between the two surfaces permits the disc to be lifted by the plate without contact. This paper deals with the way in which the maximum weight which can be lifted is influenced by changing the ratio of the diameter of the upper plate with its orifice to the diameter of the orifice and the total pressure measured at the center of the lower disc. Experimental results show that the maximum weight which can be lifted is linearly dependent on the total pressure. The results further show when the diameter of the upper plate is constant and the diameter of the orifice is made larger, the total pressure which is needed to lift a certain weight decreases, but the rate of the air flow increases. It is also concluded that the diameter of the orifice excerts a greater influence on the pressure distribution than that of the upper plate, therfore the way in which the orifice is made is very important in designing the Pneumatic Lift.

論文(Article), Recently, the authors have presented some reports on the equivalent electrical network for a transversely vibrating bar under various end-conditions. This paper is a supplement of the previous reports and shows the equivalent electrical networks of the vibrating uniform bar in case that the bar is restricted with four end-conditions (case 1 : free end, case 2 : simple support, case 3 : sliding support, and case 4 : fixed end) at the both ends, respectively. The equivalent networks for the pure stiffness-bars are also shown. These results are useful for analyzing a unit mechanical system and a composite one.

論文(Article), In a magnetic amplifier operating on the condition of the under-excitation voltage, the phenomenon called (”triggering” happens occasionally at the minimum load point of the magnetic amplifier, and this phenomenon is harmful to the normal performance of magnetic amplifier operation in a system. This paper presents the circuitry for a magnetic amplifier freed from ”triggering” and describes the experimental results. No triggering happens, if the magnetic cores are prevnted from the excessive resetting in the over-controlled condition. And, as an effective means for this pereventation, zener-diodes are used in the circuitry and the varisters are interconnected to support the desirable performances of the zener-diodes whenever the supply voltage is changed. The control characteristics are compared with those of the bared magnetic amplifier; and the calculated optimum characteristics are examined with the experimental results.

論文(Article), In general, spray dryers are used in drying solutions. We employed a spray dryer in drying particles atomized by a rotating disc. And this paper deals with an experimental study of the relationship between particles distribution and various operating conditions of disc speeds, liquid density, liquid concentration, and drying temperature. The disc used was 40^(mm) in diameteter, and its speeds were from 2500 rev/min to 5000 rev/min.

論文(Article), This paper describes the theoretical study on the mechanical filter of which two transversely vibrating resonators are coupled with one coupler or two. In the coupler, according to the construction of the filter, elther trarnsverse and torsional vibrations or longitudinal and transverse vibrations are generated by the transversely vibrating resonators. To design such filters, it is important to understand each pair of vibrations quantitatively. In the chapter 1, the magnitude of each pair of couplings is compared, supposing the distributed mass of the coupler is zero. In the chapter 2, the filters are analyzed with consideration for the distributed mass of the coupler. Finally, some cares are taken to the design of the filter, and the difference between the analysis in the chapter 1 and 2 is pointed out.

論文(Article), When an electromagnetic relay is set into operation, the coil current of the relay does not vary exponentially with time but ”a downward point” in the growth of the current is observed. This phenomena is also observed in a dynamic operation of the counter using an electromagnetic relay, and hinders its fast dynamic operation. It is the purpose of this study to give a guiding principle of design for improvements of dynamic characteristics of the counter, that is, a low dissipation power and a high speed operation, etc. In the paper, a speed-up of operation is considered and the operating characteristics of the counter are discussed in detail. A method of measurement of the operation characteristic is also presented. The value of inductance of the counter varies largely by the air gap between armature and pole-piece, or by the value of coil current. Therefore, the relations of the inductance to the air gap length and the coil current are investigated. The transient responce of R-L circuit with the variabie inductance under the condition of the armature fixed is calculated, and is compared with the experimental results.

論文(Article), This paper is a report on analyses and experiments of the electromechanical filter emiployed tuning-forks with couplers. The composition of this filter is simple: it is composed of two identical tuning-forks coupled each other with fiexural and torsional vibrating couplers. The filter whose center-frequency is situated in audio-frequency range from 0.1 to 20 KC is expected to be put to practical use hereafter, since the tuning-fork is suitable for use in this frequency range. This filter of coupler type has a merit of obtaining wider band-characteristic than that of the differential-connection-type filter, and it is able to be analyzed easily for the symmetry of its equivalent network. In the first, the various constructions of the filter are described. Then the theoretical analyses are explained on the narrow band filter of the simple construction of only two tuning-forks and couplers, and on the wide band filter obtained by the method of impedance-transformation. Lastly, a few experimental results on these mechanical filters are shown.

論文(Article), This paper deals with electro-mechanical filters consisting of the vibrating frameworks which are driven piezo-electrostrictively. First, experimental results of the resonant modes of a square framework are described Electro-mechanical filters utilizing a pair of degenerating modes among them is discussed and it can be said that degenerating modes in such a vibrator are useful for an electro-mechanical filter. Secondary, a differential type filter which consists of the frameworks vibrating in the fundamental mode is discussed experimentally. In this filter, any spurious responces are not observed over the wide range of frequencies. Lastly, it is also described that the vibrator of a rectangular framework can be used as well as the one of the square framework mentioned above.

論文(Article), In the previous paper^4), the mixing characteristics of liquid in horizontal countercurrent gas-liquid flow reactor (R.D.C. type) were studied by indicial response method and apparent longitudinal diffusion coefficient was calculated from the Peclet number. The Peclet number, however, was derived from graphical approximation under several assumptions. In this paper, the back mixing in the reactor was investigated by using tracer injection technique, in which tracer was injected into one downstream point and its concentrations at several points of reactor were measured. Back mixing coefficients, D_B, ranging from 6 to 13 [cm_2/sec] were obtained and it was found that D_B coincided withlongitudinal diffusion coefficient obtained by indicial response method.

論文(Article), In this paper the authors treat a few analyses and experiments of the lateral vibrations of a tunning-fork of H form for the purpose of developing vibrators used in the low frequency. This vibrator of H type has very little influence by the supporter when the vibrator is used in the specific mode of vibration, because it has a figure cambined two supportless tuning forks symmetrically. So this vibrator proves a high quality. First, by the electrical networks of mechanical systems the authors give some analogical analyses on the vibrator of H form and show a guiding principle of design. Next, various experimental results of the vibrator are compared on inclination with theoretical values.

論文(Article), In this paper the author tries to explain the existence of Laminar Sub-layer and the crytical Reynolds number from laminar to turbulent state, based on QUANTUM MECHANICS of TURBULENCE. The principal results have been obtained as follows : (1) Spin effect of Turbulence-Element causes Laminar Sub-layer which is discussed in the 2nd paragraph. (2) The Width of Laminar Sub-layer δ is represented by (3.16) and in Fig 5. (3) The coefficient of resistance C_D is represented by (3.20) or (3.23) and in Fig 6. (4) The velocity distribution is given by (3.14), (3.15) and in Fig 3, Fig 4. (5) The crytical Reynolds number R_c = 2660. Where, in these equations 2h is the distance between parallel plates, U the center velocity, τ_0 the resistance force per unit area, μ the coefficient of viscosity, ρ the density of fluid and τ is Turblence- Quantum. R = 2uh/v . τ_0 = 1/2ρU^2C_D , τ/μ = 82.6 per sec, R=τ/πμ・√2n+1・s_0 , v = μ/ ρ wherc s_0 the Ist root (maximum magnitude), s_1 the 2nd root in Hermite series of nth order and n means the order of Hermite series. Numerical values for s_0, s_1 and R are represented in Fig 2. These equations are pure theoretical formula and do not contain any adjustable constant by experiment, exept the equation (3.23).

論文(Article), This paper deals with construction methods and experimental results of electromechanical filters consisting of two rectangular piezoelectric resonators and one or two couplers. The resonators vibrate transversely and are coupled with torsionally or transversely vibrating couplers. First, construction of the piezoelectric resonator is described. The resonator is a rectangular plate made from lead zirconate and lead titanate ceramics. Metal-plating electrodes formed on both surfaces of the rectangular piezoelectric plate are split into two parts and the diagonal opposite electrodes among them are connected with each other electrically. When an ac voltage is applied between the electrical terminals, the upper part of the plate is lengthened and the lower one is contracted. Thus, the first and the third modes of transverse vibration are excited in the resonator. Secondly, three design methods of the mechanical filter are described. By exchanging the connection of out put terminals, two kinds of construction of the mechanical filter are obtained, one is of attenuation poles, and the other has none of attenuation poles. Lastly, some experimental results of the mechanical filters suppressJng higher harmonics are described.

論文(Article), The resonant frequencies, the equivalent circuit constant, and the resonant modes, of the longitudinally vibrating stepped-bar, are described in this paper. For example, it is found that the first resonance frequency of the stepped-bar is higher than that of the uniform bar with the same length as the stepped-bar. Though it is now considered that the upper limit of the first resonance frequency of the uniform bar which is practically used as a longitudinally vibrating resonator is about 500 kc, yet the stepped-bar can be also used as a resonator for frequency range above 500 kc. In the last chapter, two examples of the construction of an electromechanical filter which uses the stepped-bar are described.

論文(Article), The authors have experimentally studied the electrification for various clothes, which appears when an insulator silding on clothes. The clothes used in this study are of pure wool, acetate fibre, hemp, viscose silk, cotton, or mixed fibre of 70 % staple (fibre) and 30 % amylan. The insulator employed is of bakelite. The relationships between the charge produced on the clothes or the insulator and the sliding length of the insulator on the cloth, the weight or the area of insulator, or the slope of cloth have been determined. This is the third in a series of papers concerned with ”Electrification” ; the first being ”Electrification on metals by flying powder” (M. TAKADA and S. SHODA : J. l. E. E. J., Nov., 1956), the second ”Electrification on insulators by flying powder” (M. TAKADA and S. SHODA : Bulletin of the Yamagata University, Engineering, Vol.5, No.2, 1959).

論文(Article), In the selection of continuous flow reactor and or its design, it is important to consider the mixing characteristics in the apparatus. This paper is of the study on the mixing situation of liquid in a rotating disk contactor (R.D.C. type), regarded in general as the reactor with better performance. At first, experimented the back flow of the horizontal tube flow reactor called R.D.C. by the tracer injection method, regarding as multistage reactor. Next, investigated the mixing situation in the reactor by the indicial response method and determined Peclet number by the help of Brenner's table with respect to concentration vs time. In addition, the pressure drop of gas contacted with liquid was measured. The summary obtained are as follows, 1) The back flow f' or u' was independent of flow rate and increased with the number of rotation up to 1,1OO (r.p.m.), whereas beyond 1,100 it remained constant. It is likely that the back flow u' was due to the area of gap between the disk and reactor wall. 2) Pe number was determined by use of the following equation ; c = θ[β√2P(t - (1 / √t))] It varied with flow rate but it was independent of rotation speed and hold-up of liquid. Under the experimental conditions (Table 2), the empirical formula was obtained. Pe = 11.3u^0.86 accordingly E = 3.25u + 5.6 3) The oxidation of Sodium-sulfite solution by oxygen gas was performed in this reactor continuously and the concentration distribution was measured. Comparing it with the calculated value of Eq. (18), it was found that the diffusion model was applicable to this reactor. 4) Pressure drop of gas through this reactor was measured and it may be expressed as fol1ows ; ⊿P = ⊿P_(N=0) + ⊿P' ⊿P' is the increase of the pressure drop with rotation and it was caused by liquid film which was formed by the rotating disks. The pressure drop of the reactor is very small but it is apt to cause flooding if the hold-up is greater than 0.3.

論文(Article), Cyanides are produced from cyanamides by fusion of mixtures of cyanamide, carboneous materials and flux in a furnace and chilling the melt. The reaction is given as CaCN_2 + C + 2NaC1 ⇔ CaC1_2 + 2NaCN CaCN_2 + C ⇔ Ca(CN)_2 About this reaction many studies were performed using commercial lime nitrogen in numerous countries, but the mechanism of the reaction had not been explained clearly. Then we entered into this study using pure calcium cyanamide. In the present paper pure calcium cyanamide has been prepared and the formation of cyanide was studied. The some results obtained are as follows. (1) Pure calcium cyanamide was prepared from dicyandiamide by heating of mixtures of dicyandiamide and calcium carbonate. (2) The formation of cyanide was favored by high temperature. It was found that calcium cyanide was changed into sodium cyanide under this condition. (3) The free carbon in commercial lime nitrogen was very active in the formation of cyanide, or at the wet oxidation process. (4) The free carbon in commercial lime nitrogen was presumed as graphite from the activation energy in the wet oxidation process.

論文(Article), Some reports on vibrations of truncated conical shells have already been published. The vibrations of truncated conical shells with both ends simply supported and of the ones with both bullt-in ends have been investigated by Seide and Yamaki. In this paper assuming the deflection to be expanded into the exponential power series, we investigate vibrations of these truncated conical shells by Ritz's method. The theoretical and experimental results as for the case of both ends simply supported are in good agreement with those of Seide in the lowest frequencies, and the theoletical results in the case of both free ends and bullt-in-free ends agree well with the experimental ones.

論文(Article), CdS film has been generally used for the semiconductor layer of the TFT since P.K. Weimer's invention of the TFT. But, CdSe film appears more suitable to the semiconductor layer of the TFT than CdS film from the standpoint of film fabrication and electron mobility study. This paper describes dependence of the I-V characteristics of CdSe TFT on deposition conditions of CdSe film and shows that there are some optimum deposition conditions to give high Gm and good saturation to TFT characteristics.

論文(Article), This paper deals with the differential type filter constructed with two tuning-forks. Having no coupler, this filter is simpler and is more suitable for mass-production than the coupler type. First, the theoretical analysis for the narrow band type filter consisting of only two tuning-forks and for the wide band type filter employing the inductance coils at the both electrical terminals are described. Lastly, the experimental results of the frequency characteristics for the two types mentioned above are described. It is of interest that the composition of differential filter is easily accomplished by connecting the electrical terminals of two tuning-forks and the symmetrical attenuation characteristic is obtained only when the values of the equivalent inductances are equal to each other (L_1=L_2).

論文(Article), Parallel two-circuit power transmission system is a particular example of coexistent two systems with a common source and load. From this viewpoint, first authors computed the equivalent source and load which were peculiar to each circuit in the parallel two-circuit transmission system, and then applied the method of symmetrical coordinates for two systems and superposed the method of 2-phase symmetrical coordinates to this. In this way the authors solved the problem of the one phase ground fault in one of the two circuits. In the latter part, this paper studied the suppressing conditions of the fault arc and clarified the steady-state performance of this system under the fault in which these conditions were satisfied. It is concluded that the circulating current between them is zero, for both systems act quite similarly under the one phase ground fault of the one circuit.

論文(Article), In this paper, we have examined the degree of fatigue and the working effciency of workers engaging in light work with a magnifying-glass combined with circular fluorescent lamp, and the following phenomena were observed : (1) the near-point of adjustment of eye is extended, (2) the degree of fatigue, as measured by Yahagi's elimination test, is relatively low, and (3) the amount of work increases considerably.

論文(Article), Several attempts were made to extend the Algar-Flynn-Oyamada synthesis of flavonols (3-hydroxyflavones) to the synthesis of dihydroflavonols (3-hydroxyflavanones). 1. The alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation of 2'-hydroxychalcones (the socalled Algar-Flynn-Oyamada reaction) has been found to yield dihydroflavonols besides flavonols in the presence of a minium quantity of alkali. In this paper, the proper pH (10.5) to form the former as the major product in this reaction was determined. 2. In view of the known tendency of dihydroflavonols to undergo further oxidation under alkaline conditions, the acidic oxidation of 2'-hydroxychalcones with peracetic acid or pertungstic acid was carried out to prevent the forming dihydroflavonol from being further oxidized. Actually, no satisfactory result was obtained in either case. 3. Finally, it was found that polyhydroxychalcones bearing hydroxyl groups in 2' and other positions gave the corresponding epoxides by protecting all the hydroxyl groups by methoxymethylation during the course of the alkaline per-oxide oxidation, and that the resulting poly (methoxymethoxy) chalcone oxides, when warmed with acid, readily cyclized to polyhydroxydihydroflavonols, with the simultaneous splitting of all the O-methoxymethyl groups.

論文(Article), This paper deals with a few methods of design and experimental results on the band elimination filters consisting of electro-mechanical vibrators. The principle of design consists of replacing LC elements of a bridge T type or a lattice type of resistance arms by equivalant L_0C_0 elements of electro-mechanical vibrators. These band eliminators consisting of electro-mechanical vibrators have some merits compared to usual ones consisting of the electrical LC elements, that is, the excellent skirt characteristics of rejection, fewer branch elements, the points of miniatuarization and etc. As electro-mechanical vibrators mentioned above, such transducer resonators as piezo-ceramic discs or vibrators sealed with piezo-ceramics are used, of which the higher modes or the spurious modes are suppressed by skillful arangements of their electrodes. The design theory of these filters are discussed in detail and proven experimentally. These filters wlli be put to practical use more and more.

論文(Article), A study of vibrations of cylindrical shells by means of the Lagrangian-minimizing-method has been made by Professor Shin Takahashi. The Lagrangian employed in his method of analysis has been found within the scope of ”Love's first approximation” based on two types of approximations; a) The straight fibres of a shell which are perpendicular to the middle surface before deformation remain so after deformation and do not change their length, and the normal stresses in the thickness direction of the shell may be neglected in comparison with the other stresses. b) The ratio of thickness to radii of curvatures is negligibly small compared to unity. Flugge has obtained stress strain relations by retaining assumption a) but without the use of assumption b). The present paper deals with the Lagrangian corresponding to the fundamental equations called ”Flugge's equation” derived from this system of stress strain relations. First, we find the strain energy of a cylindrical shell and the Lagrangian represented in terms of dispalcements. Secondly, we get the Euler equations coinciding with the Flugge equations and the boundary conditions by means of calculus of variations. Lastly, we have the solutions of this system of equations specified by the boundary values and the Lagrangian given by introducing them into itself which yields the frequency equations being minimized with respect to unknown boundary values.

論文(Article), In this paper the influence of the structure and shape of the vessel and pipeline on the fluidization quality of fluidiged bed has been investigated. The quality of fluidiged bed was measured by means of fluidization index proposed by W. W. Shuster. The arrangements of the holes of the bottom plate of the bed and the length of the pipeline exercised a considerable infeuence on the quality of fluidization, and divergent type reaction vessels had better quality than ordinary cylindrical ones.