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Le réseau écologique Paysage « La Frontière » situé à l’ouest du canton de Vaud est composé de près de 700 surfaces de promotion de la biodiversité (SPB) totalisant plus de 500 ha. Dans ce cadre, plus de 150 ha de nouvelles prairies naturelles, pour la plupart plantées de haies et d’arbres, forment la pièce centrale de l’infrastructure écologique de ce réseau. Elles remplacent des grandes cultures (terres assolées) et ont été mises en place par la méthode de l’enherbement direct (fleurs de foin). Les orthoptères et la mante religieuse (Mantis religiosa) ont été choisis comme bio-indicateurs pour évaluer la richesse spécifique et la vitesse de colonisation de ces nouvelles surfaces. Les relevés orthoptériques ont été effectués, entre 2014 et 2018, sur 33 nouvelles prairies et ont été comparés à 13 prairies naturelles anciennes extensives. En moyenne, le nombre d’espèces par prairie était de 9.3 (dont 1.7 sur la Liste rouge) dans les nouvelles prairies et de 11.5 (2.6) dans les prairies anciennes. Statistiquement, il n’y a aucune différence significative entre les deux types de prairies. Aucune corrélation entre le nombre d’années après la mise en place des nouvelles prairies et le nombre d’espèces recensées par prairie n’a été détectée, indiquant une colonisation rapide des nouvelles prairies. Parmi les espèces d’orthoptères cibles du réseau écologique cantonal, figurant également sur la Liste rouge, six sont présentes dans les prairies anciennes comme dans les nouvelles. Parmi ces dernières, Metrioptera bicolor et Euchorthippus declivus étaient présentes dans près de 60% des prairies. Les résultats montrent l’importance d’une répartition dense de prairies à la fois de bonne qualité (enherbement direct) et exploitée extensivement avec des zones refuges. Ils soulignent également l’importance des prairies anciennes et des aires naturelles protégées comme réservoirs pour la restauration de la biodiversité dans les paysages agricoles.

The decrease of grasslands, which has been observed on a global scale for several decades, occurred with changes in their management in the context of land use intensification. Faced with the environmental and economic implications of these changes, it is necessary to identify and characterize the spatial and temporal dynamics of grasslands, in particular to assess the impacts of climate change on these grasslands and their capacity to adapt. Remote sensing, which is an observation tool commonly used to study the Earth's surface, makes it possible to address territorial management issues. This article presents an example of the use of time series of high spatial resolution images to study the spatial and temporal dynamics of grasslands since the 1950s and to characterize them by determining their management and their productivity. Information derived from these images series can be integrated into agro-climatic models in order to simulate the agro-ecosystems functioning to evaluate their evolution regarding climate change and to propose adaptation scenarios.

prìmula (non com. prìmola) s. f. [lat. scient. Primula, dal lat. mediev. primula, der. di primus «primo»]. – Genere di piante primulacee con alcune centinaia di specie erbacee quasi tutte perenni, in prevalenza delle zone montane e subalpine dell’emisfero settentrionale Après son numéro sur les variétés linguistiques en classe de langue, Babylonia s’intéresse à la diversité des productions d’apprenant.es. Après l’émerveillement du promeneur du dimanche découvrant les prairies en ville, nous vous invitons donc à suivre la botaniste travaillant avec acharnement pour classifier, étudier, et conserver les traces des premiers bourgeonnements linguistiques. En ce début d’automne, nous souhaitons paradoxalement attirer votre attention vers l’une des premières fleurs du printemps: la primevère. Cette plante aux couleurs vibrantes symbolise le renouveau et la croissance, mais elle est aussi particulièrement vulnérable: sécheresse, fluctuation de températures, disponibilité des nutriments…autant de défis pour son épanouissement. La rédaction de Babylonia s’engage avec une nouvelle rubrique, appelée Primula, à promouvoir la nouvelle génération d’enseignant.es/chercheur.ses en mettant en valeurs les travaux de mémoire d’étudiants en HEP. Vous trouverez notre premier fleuron dans ce numéro. Nous vous souhaitons une belle lecture!

During the Spring of 2011, we studied the bird community in an area of Val Borbera, in the province of Alessandria (NW Italy). In the study area, situated at an altitude between 655 and 1700 m a.s.l., we conducted 110 points count ten minutes each in four microhabitats (agricultural areas, shrubs, forests, and prairies). In total, we surveyed 72 species, of which 51 were passerine and 21 non passerine. The most abundant species were Sylvia atricapilla, Phylloscopus collybita, Apus apus, and Turdus merula. In the agricultural areas, we detected a total of 50 species (Sylvia atricapilla, Parus major, Turdus merula were the most abundant). In the shrubs, we detected 30 species (Sylvia atricapilla, Parus major, Fringilla coelebs, Phylloscopus collybita, Turdus merula, Erithacus rubecula were the most abundant). In the forest areas, we found 45 species (Sylvia atricapilla, Parus major, Fringilla coelebs, Phylloscopus collybita, Turdus merula, Erithacus rubecula were the most abundant), and in the prairies, we detected 48 species (Alauda arvensis, Anthus campestris, Sylvia atricapilla, Turdus merula, Anthus trivialis, Sylvia communis were the most abundant). Compared to the other macro habitats, the agricultural areas have a significantly high abundance and richness in species, which highlights the importance of the agricultural mosaics in the Piedmont and mountain areas. The data which has been collected so far confirms the important role of this area, given the presence of some species which are rare at a regional scale.

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Copyright of L'Ospite Ingrato is the property of Quodlibet S.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Among the floral motifs that decorate Apulian red-figure vases of the Middle Apulian period a four-petalled flower is frequently found. The way it is represented varies depending on the painter and evolves over time. Although the flowers on vases attributed to a particular artist tend to be very similar, there are instances where virtually identical flowers can be seen on works attributed to different hands, which suggests that a number of painters collaborated in a single workshop or in the same centre of production. The same flower occurs on a small number of Gnathia vases, and the manner of its rendering reveals them to be connected to the production of red-figure vases of the Middle and Late Apulian phases--evidence of the rich repertoire of decorative motifs available to artists. The flower has on occasions been identified as a rose, but the number of petals and other characteristics suggest that it is a poppy, well known and widely used in antiquity. Among the divinities to whom it is linked are Demeter and Kore, both important in funerary contexts, and on our vases the flower appears mainly in scenes alluding to Dionysus and Aphrodite, evoking the idea of a meadow or a garden, a blissful place on the way to a dionysiac afterlife. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nineteenth-century marked the achievement of the highest expressive potential of the coreutic performing experience. From the 1840s onwards, a new route was mapped out, resulting in a substantial migration of European dancers to the shoresof the United States. The attraction at the origin of this migration is the romantic ballerina. Some of these extraordinarily adaptable dancers would integrate perfectly; others would become fleeting ambassadors of European culture in the New World, leaving an indelible mark and bringing back an experience that would certainly enrich their reinterpretation of the ballet tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political investment on animal resources compelled modern society to a general valorisation of the figure of the animal. Animal's moral issues have not been excluded from this process. Veterinary schools on one hand, and scientific societies that had the opportunity of studying animals alive at the zoological garden in Paris on the other, represent two major institutions which, faced to problems such as disease and captivity, developed a first discourse on animal well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Summa, Animali da Reddito is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Black Soil, a novel written by an Irish pioneer woman, tells about her arrival and settlement in the Iowa prairies in the second half of the 19th century. The goal of my essay is to investigate the strategies the immigrant woman Nell Connor adopts to survive on the American frontier.

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Copyright of Societa e Storia is the property of FrancoAngeli srl and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the documents of the first missionaries, the scholars of Huron religion rejected the possibility of applying the Western notion of soul to this people, but accepted the declarations of the missionaries according to whom this people believed in reincarnation. The critical analysis of missionary documents shows that not only the Christian notion of soul is inapplicable but that the same concepts of immortality and reincarnation are not present. In particular, the Feast of the Dead had the function of severing the relationship with the dead, preventing them from returning to act dangerously among the living, and not sanctioning their reincarnation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims at examining the motif of textiles and dressing in the Latin hagiographic epos of Venantius Fortunatus. Key elements of the biographical tradition about Saint Martin of Tours, the images of cloths and the scenes of dress sharing seem to have special narrative and aesthetic functions in the poem while keeping their essential ascetic, thaumatourgic and anthropological importance. Being dressed appears as a symbol of being saved and protected, while a naked body can signify human vulnerability, temptation and sin at the same time. The stories woven into the poetic text about the different textiles of human or heavenly origin that are worn or shared by Saint Martin are used to illustrate the spiritual progress of the hero. Nevertheless, these episodes provide the unity of the narrative and renew some generic topos and skills of classical epic poetry (see the case of ecphrasis or enargeia) as well as formulate highly self-reflective metapoetic statements about creating a discourse. Finally, they raise questions about the hierarchy between visual arts (weaving, jewellery) and verbality, and reflect on the limits of human ways of expression in the representation of immaterial divine beauty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper explores the possibilities and limits of the category of "alienation" taken as the cornerstone of a critical theory of society, as it has been recently rehabilitated in philosophical literature (R. Jaeggi, S. Haber et al.) Firstly, it reconstructs the main features that any theory of alienation attributes to the alienated condition. Beisdes, it introduces a criterion to distinguish between these theories, those for which the alienated condition has among its essential features a certain reference to the subjective experience of loss and those for which this experience is not essential. After showing how Marx's theory of alienation, despite some ambiguous wording, belongs to the second group, I try to prove that the theories of the second group use the word "alienation" in a way that does not betray its original inspiration and its common uses. At this point, I formulate an epistemological constraint for the theories recognizing a pivotal role to the experience of loss: they must take into account the supposedly alienated subjects and address themselves to them as a second persons. Once clarified the extent to which it is possible to develop a consistent theory of alienation, finally I offer some reasons for taking seriously such a theory in relation to the tasks of social critique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first Christian missionaries who went to North America claimed that the Indians believed in reincarnation and that it was the core of their religions. A survey among the Mandan shows that their limited notions about the after-life and reincarnation do not present any eschatological significance. These notions have the only function of designing the cosmos and enhancing some kinship relations. In fact, it is even dubious whether the Mandans had the notion of a life after death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologia Postmedievale is the property of Edizioni all'Insegna del Giglio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Le titre de cet ouvrage fait d’abord penser à la conquête de l’espace, à ces cosmonautes évoluant sous leurs casques hermétiques et foulant pour la première fois le sol inconnu d’un nouvel astre, appelons-le la lune ; ou encore à la conquête de nouvelles terres, appelons-les prairies de l’Ouest… Mais l’homme y habite déjà et l’urbain a tout recouvert. Que l’on ne s’y trompe pas, donc, l’ouvrage nous laisse sur terre, examine à la fois comment le globe devient ...

Mike Davis a encore frappé ! Un an après la parution du Pire des mondes possibles (Davis, 2006), remarquable essai, documenté et engagé, sur la pauvreté urbaine et les bidonvilles, l’anthropologue américain nous livre, une fois de plus, le fruit de sa réflexion sur l’avenir de la civilisation moderne. Le stade Dubaï du capitalisme est un texte court et percutant publié aux « Prairies ordinaires », dans une nouvelle collection dédiée à la pensée critique. À travers le ...

Degraded areas due to extraagricultural activity (such as quarries, dumps, ski runs, methane tracks, etc.) or to natural events (such as landslides) are present in a wide part of Italian territory and for this reason is extremely necessary an effective restoration in order to reduce erosion risks and to permit their better integration in the surrounding landscape. Revegetation is usually performed using commercial mixtures constituted by species with a forage aptitude. The aim of this work was to analyse the evolution of revegetation performed on different areas of methane pipeline in Tuscany (central Italy), both in Mediterranean environments and in mountain areas. Knowledge of mixture used during revegetation and time of intervention allowed, on one hand, to discriminate species introduced by revegetation from those coming out from native recolonisation of tracks, on the other hand, to know the age of canopies at time of botanical analysis. The following variables were assessed on the studied herbaceous resources: ground cover, floristic composition, biodiversity, level of recolonization by native species, similarity with natural areas. Data collection permitted the evaluation of efficiency of studied revegetation, the awareness of the role played by sown and native species, the estimation of the level of native species in order to integrate the restoration with the environment and the analysis of most important parameters that affect vegetal evolution in these peculiar settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]