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The research analyses in an exploratory way the work of image girls within discos, defined as sexually objectifying environments. In a first qualitative study, 15 interviews with image girls were conducted and show six main themes that highlight different aspects of sexual objectification and self-objectification characterizing their experience. A second quantitative study, aimed at capturing the people's judgments about this work and its protagonists, shows that the image girls are not perceived negatively by the considered sample (N = 294), but higher levels of sexism are associated with more devaluing perceptions.

In molte ricerche sulla comunicazione visiva (e.g., Belicove, 2011; Cloud, 2008; Edwards & Winkler, 2008; Goldstein, 2009; Jowett & O'Donnell, 2015; Rose, 2012) è emerso come le immagini siano più efficaci delle parole nel catturare l'attenzione e nel consolidare i sentimenti. Alcuni studi (e.g., Peng, 2004; Volpato, Durante, Gabbiadini, Andrighetto, & Mari, 2010) hanno, inoltre, mostrato che le immagini e i mass media rivestono un ruolo fondamentale nella diffusione di pregiudizi, stereotipi e rappresentazioni sociali negative. Per tali ragioni, nel corso degli anni, questa forma di comunicazione è diventata uno dei principali strumenti politici utilizzati a fini propagandistici e persuasivi (e.g., Davis, 2005; Erickson, 2008; Hariman & Lucaites, 2008; James, 2006). La presente ricerca vuole indagare come, attraverso le immagini, la propaganda italiana di estrema destra diffonda la convinzione che alcuni gruppi sociali meritino di essere emarginati ed esclusi. Adottando la teoria della delegittimazione (Bar-Tal, 1989) come quadro teorico di riferimento, 115 manifesti politici utilizzati dal partito nazionalista Forza Nuova nel periodo dal 2009 al 2017 sono stati analizzati. I risultati hanno mostrato che sette delle otto strategie di delegittimazione sono state impiegate nella raffigurazione di differenti gruppi sociali. Attraverso un'analisi delle corrispondenze è, inoltre, emerso come ogni tecnica di delegittimazione sia stata strategicamente applicata a ciascun target delegittimato. Implicazioni teoriche e pratiche sono discusse anche attraverso il confronto dei presenti risultati con quelli di lavori analoghi condotti in passato (e.g., Volpato et al., 2010).

Looking away. Psychosocial process to accept the torture The aim of the paper is the description and the discussion of the recent studies about torture in the domain of social psychology. The research examine the widespread beliefs about the effi cacy of torture, the support given by the public opinion to torture, the psychological processes of legitimization of violence, abuse, social ostracism and exclusion, with particular attention to the dehumanizing mechanisms.

Dehumanization is one of the main strategies to delegitimize the other, to exclude him/her from the circle of those who are considered human, justifying measures of extreme cruelty. There are animalistic and mechanistic forms of dehumanization, which it may also take the form of demonization, biologization, objectification, and invisibility. After a brief review of the psycho-social studies on dehumanization, the present work focuses on the dehumanization of Jews in the Fascist propaganda through the analysis of images that appeared in La Difesa della Razza ("The Defense of the Race"), an Italian magazine published from August 1938 to June 1943 with the aim to convey racist and anti-Semitic ideas to the Italian population. Copyright © FrancoAngeli.

This study was designed to analyze gender stereotypes and sexualization in Italian television advertisements. A sample of 287 Italian television advertisements broadcast from 9pm to 10pm was analyzed. Findings indicate that women in Italian television advertising were portrayed as younger and as more engaged in care-related activities in the home environment than men were. Instead, men were portrayed as sportier, as more independent and competent than women. Furthermore, women were depicted as more sensual and attractive than men. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed also regarding the comparison between this study and similar studies conducted in the past.

Il contributo presenta il volume "La psicologia critica e i rapporti tra economia, storia e psicologia", di cui l'autore è curatore insieme a Luigi Ferrari. Oltre a brevemente richiamare i contenuti dei contributi degli altri autori partecipanti all'iniziativa editoriale, nell'"Introduzione" viene discusso il progetto di "naturalizzazione" della psicologia - che caratterizza il mainstream contemporaneo - e se ne evidenziano i limiti, in particolare in relazione alla "vocazione" pragmatica che caratterizza in particolare la psicologia del lavoro e delle organizzazioni.

According to objectification theory (Fredrickson e Roberts, 1997), the effect of sexually objectifying media on self-objectification and on psychophysical young adults well-being have been examined. As far as for women, the exposure to sexually objectifying media leads to self-objectification/body surveillance which in turn leads to body shame, that is related to the etiology of disordered eating. Similar results (even if weaker) came out from the male sample. Women obtained significantly higher mean scores in all variables examined. We found gender issues in body surveillance and shame if considered as mediator variables. Practical implications are discussed