Search

Objective: The study intends to include the evaluation of family styles while the patients are admitted at a hospital dedicated to the emergency (SPDC)., Methods: The sample of the study involved patients of a SPDC and their families. The clinical assessment has been conducted through the use of ICD-IX, DSM-5 and BPRS. During the stabilization phase, both patients and families have been administered a socio-demographic report and the FACES IV. The FACES Questionnaire assesses the family through eight scales (two scales indicating health-oriented functioning: Balanced Cohesion, Balanced Flexibility; four scales indicating problematic functioning: Disengagement, Hyper-involvement, Rigidity, Disorganization; a scale for Family Communication; a scale for Family Satisfaction)., Results: 35,7% has shown to be health-oriented in the sample. Patients have shown a significantly higher problematic perception of their family, compared to their parents, being more involved in the relationship. The patients have a disengaged-disorganized family style, parents have an average-unbalanced style. The age of patients over 30 correlates significantly with a dysfunctional view of their family relationships., Conclusions: Faced with an event that requires hospitalization, families have a greater tendency toward dysfunctionality, with a more painful perception than their children, partially counterbalanced by a greater functionality of the parents. The temporal element, the age of the patients and the duration of the illness seem significant elements in favor of a greater family problematic.

Aims: This paper aims at presenting the most significant results emerging from the work carried out by the focus groups of the multi-centre Project SIEP-DIRECT'S. The Project is aimed at assessing the existing discrepancies between the evidence-based NICE guidelines for schizophrenia and the usual practices of care given by Italian mental health services. Each focus group was requested to give an evaluation on: (a) appropriateness of the English NICE guidelines in the context of the Italian mental health services; (b) clarity and usefulness of the 103 indicators developed on the basis of the NICE recommendations to measure their level of application within the services., Methods: In each of the 19 mental health departments or psychiatric services participating in the Project there were organized "multidisciplinary" focus groups and "specialistic" focus groups. The former included, amongst others, professional operators of the mental health services, patients, their relatives, representatives of patient organizations and general practitioners. They examined the recommendations and indicators upon which the participants could express their opinion or judgment based on their knowledge, experience or information in their possession. The latter group, composed only of psychiatrists, examined the recommendations and indicators relative to pharmacological treatments that regarded the specific competences of their professional category., Results: Most NICE recommendations seemed appropriate to the working context of the Italian services. However, some perplexity emerged as regards specific organizational models of the services, such as the specific services for psychotic onsets or the assertive outreach teams, which were believed not to be strictly pertinent to the traditional organization of mental health care in our Country. There were also some criticisms regarding the cognitive-behavioural treatments which the NICE Guidelines recommend as the principle psychotherapeutic option for patients with schizophrenia, since in many Italian services, when the use of psychological interventions are needed, the tendency is to prefer interventions based on psychodynamic theories. The SIEP indicators were generally held to be clear and acceptable., Conclusions: In the view of the focus groups, the NICE guidelines are on the whole useful and suitable for orientating the services in the choice of more efficacious practices in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, the results obtained legitimate the use of the set of SIEP indicators for the evaluation of good practices and the quality of care offered by Italian services. Finally, the use of focus groups delines to a different context as well as the verification of the comprehensibility and applicability of SIEP indicators.