Search

The Author’s contribution starts from the ever-growing gap between the acknowledgement of personal and structural needs of prisoners (which occurred in the two last decades, both in the law-making and in the case-law of Italy and of the European Court of Human Rights) and the effectiveness of the Administrations in charge of ensuring the relevant services. He identifies the close reason of said gap (mostly after 2006) in the assignment of those responsibilities to many bodies foreign to the Penitentiary Administration. The institutions’ emphasis on the supervision instead of focusing on the concrete services provision is one aspect of it and, in the Author’s view, integrates in the international movement that is drifting towards the Richterstaat. After some considerations about the core position of imprisonment within the system of enforcement of penalties in Italy, which is wrongly repeated by many persons interested in that matter, the Author analyses in detail the most striking cases of inadequacy of human and instrument resources (rehabilitation offer, healthcare and psychiatric provision, recruitment of managing staff) with respect to the inmates’ needs. However, he mentioned some governmental and administrative actions which seem to reverse – partially, at least – the complained route above.

Within the framework of the research and innovation strategy RIS3 “Sustainable Living” (POR-FSE, funded by the Veneto Region), for the improvement of the resilience and adaptation capacity of the Veneto territory to environmental crises and emergencies, the subject of the contribution returns the results of the participatory experimentation of the project H.E.L.P. Veneto ‘ High-efficiency Emergency Living Prototypes Veneto – Sustainable adaptive residences for temporary stay in environmental emergencies. The research concerns the design of a minimum flexible emergency living module, replicable on a large scale, multifunctional, sustainable, powered by off-grid systems and integrated into the built environment. The housing unit uses timber, a material linked to the local building tradition, whose prefabricated modular reversibility follows principles of circular reuse. Moreover, the constructive adaptability of the interior spaces is reflected in a “liquid space” capable of transforming itself according to the needs of the occupants. The paper introduces a form of participatory design of the emergency housing module, based on the engagement of small and large companies, related to different segments of the construction market, a leading sector in the economy of Veneto. The participatory approach borrows from Architectural Technology the tools needed to understand the characteristics of the settlement system, the potential of the project and the value of scientific stakeholder engagement in the process. Using the Soft System Methodology, direct investigation protocols have been constructed relating to the performance of the living unit. Using Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA), the results of the experimented survey (large-scale questionnaires) were decoded, interpreted and systematised. The processing of the answers allowed the stakeholders to validate the potential of the proposed module and, at the same time, to be informed about its characteristics. The innovation of the method lies precisely in the modelling phase, which makes it possible to integrate the results of the hard and soft data analyses and to make it clear how participation plays an essential role in the process of designing and validating the proposed module. Nell’ambito della strategia di ricerca e innovazione RIS3 “Sustainable Living” (POR-FSE, finanziato dalla regione Veneto), per il miglioramento della capacità di resistenza e di adattamento del territorio veneto a crisi ed emergenze ambientali, l’oggetto del contributo restituisce gli esiti della sperimentazione partecipata del progetto H.E.L.P. Veneto High efficiency Emergency Living Proto- types Veneto – Residenze adattive sostenibili per la permanenza temporanea in regime di emergenza ambientale. La sperimentazione riguarda la progettazione di un modulo minimo abitativo di emergenza flessibile, repli- cabile a larga scala, polifunzionale, sostenibile con impianti a funzionamento off-grid e integrato nell’ambiente costruito. L’unità abitativa utilizza il legno, materiale legato alla tradizione costruttiva locale, la cui reversibilità modulare prefabbricata segue principi di riuso circolare. Inoltre, l’adattabilità costruttiva degli ambienti interni si riflette in uno “spazio liquido” capace di trasformarsi in base alle esigenze dell’abitare. Il contributo propone una forma di progettazione partecipata del modulo abitativo emergenziale, basata sull’engagement delle realtà aziendali di piccole e grandi dimensioni, relative ai diversi segmenti di mercato dell’edilizia, settore trainante della regione Veneto. L’approccio partecipativo mutua dalla Tecnologia dell’Architettura gli strumenti di conoscenza atti alla comprensione delle caratteristiche del sistema insediativo, delle potenzialità del progetto e del valore dell’engagement scientifico degli stakeholder nel processo. Utilizzando la Soft System Methodology sono stati costruiti dei protocolli di indagine diretta che combinano la conoscenza prestazionale dei processi insediativi nell’unità ambientale. Mediante la Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA) sono stati decodificati, interpretati e sistematizzati i risultati della survey sperimentata (questionari ad ampia scala). L’elaborazione delle risposte ha fatto sì che il sapere esperto degli stakeholder validasse le potenzialità del modulo proposto informandosi, al contempo, sulle caratteristiche dello stesso. L’innovazione del metodo risiede proprio nella fase di modellazione, la quale permette di integrare i risultati delle analisi dei dati hard e quelle dei dati soft, e di rendere chiaro come la partecipazione svolga un ruolo essenziale nel processo di animazione e validazione del modulo proposto.

Not available.

As well as playing a foundational role in mathematics, set theory formalises the possibility of working with collections of objects. Intuitive, vague and general before Cantor, the set-theoretic approach would assume a central role in twentieth-century mathematics, notably through the axiomatisation of Zermelo-Fraenkel and the subsequent extension of von Neumann-Bernays-Gödel set theory. To solve some problems of set theory Samuel Eilenberg and Saunders Mac Lane, in 1945, introduced a new speculative tool for studying mathematical structures: Category Theory. Conceived as a generic environment for studying the transfer of information between mathematical structures, category theory represents one of the research areas of contemporary mathematics that can be effectively interwoven with the current frontiers of philosophical thought. Through a dialogue between category theory and the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead and Alain Badiou, this essay attempts to show how this new approach suggests a transitory and processual ontology in which the theoretical core is not objects but morphisms between different categories and the properties of these relational transits: a relational, synthetic, contextual way of thinking that reflects well much of the structuralist and post-structuralist critique of the solidity and claimed absoluteness of foundations.

Questo saggio si propone di analizzare alcune istanze della Material Engagement Theory (MET) proposta da Lambros Malafouris nelle sue intersezioni con la filosofia speculativa di Alfred North Whitehead. Malafouris non fa infatti riferimento alla filosofia speculativa come semplice supporto delle sue teorie ma individua piuttosto una serie di problemi comuni all’impostazione MET e alla filosofia dell’organismo di Whitehed, che vertono sostanzialmente attorno al rapporto tra noesis e praxis. Nel dettaglio, il testo si soffermerà sulle modalità attraverso cui la teoria MET rimette in discussione, in modo originale e fecondo, il rapporto tra teoria e prassi, riattualizzando il peculiare modo con cui Whitehead intende il concetto di αἴσθησῐς.

This essay aims to discuss Husserl’s use of metaphors within his writings devoted to the internal-time consciousness, starting from some objections Jacques Derrida moved to Husserl in La voix et le phénomène. In particular, the essay will examine some consequences related to the metaphorical architecture that the Austrian philosopher builds around the figure of the “Abklangsphänomen”. While it is true that Husserlian phenomenology of internal time-consciousness is set up as a deconstruction of the metaphor of time as “flux”, it seems that, precisely because metaphors derive their origin and force from “things themselves”, they may represent a different way – complementary to and at the same time challenging phenomenological reduction – to archaeologically go back to “things themselves”.

This paper discusses through the prism of psychoanalysis some specific peculiarities of the poetics of the American artist Félix González-Torres. In particular, the text seeks to highlight how the concept of “burial work”, taken here from the work of the French psychoanalyst Pierre Fédida, is central to understanding the ways in which González-Torres has been able to hold together public and private, autobiographical experience and the involvement of the spectator in order to construct a shared memory that develops along the lines of dynamism and imprecision, renouncing common expectations of the representation of a memory.

La situazione di emergenza creatasi con il diffondersi dell’epidemia da coronavirus (COVID-19) ha repentinamente rivoluzionato le modalità di erogazione di servizi con particolare riferimento al settore artistico-culturale e, in particolare, in quello dei musei. Il presente contributo esplora come l’attuale crisi sanitaria abbia stimolato una nuova socializzazione del patrimonio culturale attraverso la trasformazione digitale dei contenuti culturali e lo sviluppo di una nuova forma di co-creazione del servizio offerto dai musei. In effetti, i musei sono improvvisamente passati dall'essere templi e custodi del patrimonio ad arene virtuali in cui artisti, visitatori e intermediari culturali si incontrano con ruoli mai sperimentati prima. In particolare, potenziati dalla trasformazione digitale, i consumatori possono ora trasformarsi concretamente in prosumer scambiando e co-creando nuovi significati culturali e nuove conoscenze sulle arti. Il contributo delinea diversi modelli di co-creazione culturale, fornendo raccomandazioni su come sfruttare strategicamente la trasformazione digitale e le dinamiche di co-creazione per migliorare l'accesso e creare nuovo pubblico.

Jean Epstein affida al film Le tempestaire (1947) la propria riflessione sulla capacità del cinema di modulare il puro vissuto e insieme l’esperienza del soggetto. Epstein legava la forza visionaria del cinema alla fotogenia che irradia dall’incontro tra il mondo e la macchina da presa; una potenza specifica del cinema che si libera proprio grazie all’occhio meccanico della cinepresa, la quale – fissando oggetti, volti, luoghi – fa «apparire una verità nuova e impietosa delle cose». La macchina da presa dissolve così l’immagine unitaria del sé e del mondo, dispersi ora nelle infinite pieghe di uno sguardo disumano e impersonale che frantuma l’unità del reale in una moltitudine di immagini. La fotogenia, tuttavia, non definisce una soglia ma piuttosto un limite paradossale, una piega dello sguardo e del mondo, un punto di intensificazione che evidenzia una continuità nella discontinuità. Essa non rivela il fondo della realtà, ma vede tutta un’altra realtà, mostra quello che è stato e che potrebbe essere, la ragione e la follia, «le carni chiare dei pensieri e dei sogni». La fotogenia esibisce la resistenza della materia stessa a lasciarsi ridurre a qualsiasi codice semiotico: una forza aleatoria che non è mai oggetto di un sapere quanto piuttosto «l’«avvento sfuggente di una grazia in un volto in divenire». La materia si libera così da una grammatica dell’espressione, sospende la proliferazione della comunicazione e restituisce il discorso stesso al proprio limite interno: un luogo «intensivo dove il tempo si arresta o si dà a vedere in se stesso, senza necessariamente volgersi verso il narrativo o il semiotico».

Though presenting typological and construction-related features different from other European countries, Italian residential buildings as a whole fail to meet the performances required by the European Union before the 2050 deadline. Among the hypotheses meant to upgrade residential buildings, adding floors is regarded as capable of meeting the demand for new lodgings without any further soil consumption as well as of being the driving force leading to the overall upgrading of the building. The research has been aimed at focusing on the problems arising from upward extensions within the Italian seismic context, by means of digital environment surveys, defining intervention guidelines that can be applied to adding floors to 1950-2000 buildings.

In most cases, archaeological excavations provide very little information about buildings’ upper parts, such as roof and floors, except for a few peculiar cases, such as Pompeii, Herculaneum and ancient Ostia. Being wood less durable than masonry, our knowledge of the rules and the principles commonly used in Antiquity to design timber structures is still limited to hypothesis. Ancient writers, such as Plinius or Vitruvius, cannot help either, due to the recurrent difficulty of interpreting structural details and technical aspects discussed in their essays. In the paper, an integrated method, able to combine the archaeological data with the architectural knowledge of the Antiquity and the support of engineering analyses, is proposed. Based on limited information already available and through the application of the simplified kinematic approach, unknown geometrical data of the Roman house have been identified through analytical formulas, thus linking a house's floor layout to its elevation. In particular, starting from the linking of the house's floor layout to its elevation, dimensional criteria for timber beams and the roof's pitch in agreement with the archaeological evidence have been defined.

The discipline of architectural design is influenced by the standardization activities concerning the construction and the development of tools for the coordination in the design process such as Building Information Modeling. The two disciplines contribute reciprocally to the achievement of the overall quality of the building process. To do so, it is strategic to develop researches on the following aspects: - definition of frameworks for the connection of the building system requirements to space and technology unit that defines it; - development of an inventory of interoperable and compliant technical solutions; - implementation of the discipline of model checking for project validation; and methodologies of comparison between intervention models; - implementation of collaborative environments for verification of compatibility between programs and regulations in order to identify the optimal design solution.