Search

Objectives Every organization operating in the 20s of the 21st century struggles with operating in a turbulent environment. The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, which are still being felt today, cause some changes in customer behavior. This article focuses on the study of this phenomenon in relation to the risk perceived by customers in making online purchases. The article's purpose is to identify the broad management implications of online shopping risk perceptions among consumers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Material and methods The research conducted concerns customers' purchasing risk perceptions. An analysis is made of the countermeasures respondents use to minimize purchasing risks. The research used a diagnostic survey on a sample of 1,000 consumers. Results The results of the conducted surveys indicate that consumers in general are aware of the risks associated with purchasing various goods via the Internet. In addition, it can be concluded that age is not significant when it comes to the perception of purchasing risks when shopping online, while concerns about buying online are dependent on the respondents' sex. There is also a statistically significant difference between the respondents' sex and sensitivity to purchase risk in various aspects. Conclusions This paper fulfils a gap in knowledge about shopping risk perceptions among consumers during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Objectives The aim of the work is to determine the Shapley value for the considered cases, important from the point of view of financial management. Material and methods Case descriptions, game theory, Shapley value Results In the examples considered regarding the construction of a private common road and the division of profits between the company owner and his employees, the Shapley value represents a fair division, but contrary to the social sense of justice. In the first example, a pre-imposed, equal or proportional division of costs could only satisfy one of the considered players, while in the second, although the example is idealized (e.g. it does not take into account competition on the market), the result allows to justify why the boss (company owner, president) earns incomparably more than his employees. Conclusions The work shows that even in a very simplified situation, various division concepts are possible, which may contradict each other and other requirements for decision-making methods.