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What could urban geographers continue to learn and unlearn from critical utopianism and emancipatory futurities? This contribution seeks to recover transformative academic practices and work towards didactics of speculative estrangement. Specifically, I propose to draw on science and speculative fiction literature to support the revision of established geographical imaginations and epistemologies in a higher-education context.

The report describes the experimentation of automatic handwriting recognition with the Transkribus platform for some registers of a late fifteenth/early sixteenth-century Benevento notary, with the goal of creating an automatic transcription that includes automatic dissolving of abbreviations to create a more readable text. This experimentation is particularly significant because notarial registers are often the only numerically important source for Renaissance southern Italy, and an automatic transcription, even a less than perfect one, can be a valuable tool for facilitating access to these sources.

The paper describes context, development, methodology, tools, problems and plans for the future of the research activities which have already originated the collaborative digital critical edition of the documents of the Abbey of S. Maria della Grotta (2018). This edition aimed at experimenting with the editor of the Monasterium.Net platform and was developed by an international group of editors. Its main function was to test the real and current possibilities of producing critical editions of documents online and to address the problem of the full recognition of digital products of this kind within the relevant scientific community. Naturally, this function implies also the search for a practical solution to interrogate and interpret the data it contains.

In our paper, we show that at a pH commonly found in sparkling base wines (i.e., 2.8-3.3), a synergism occurs between the SO2 added as a preservative and the ethanol present in the base wine. This synergism causes high stress on yeasts that lead to an important loss of viability, which in turn causes an increase in the lag phase time, slow fermentation and difficulties in finishing the prise de mousse.

The Right to Privacy was introduced to shield individuals from unduly intrusions of their privacy. Taken at glance value, Street Photography might be construed to constitute such intrusion. However, First Amendment considerations must be read into the Right to Privacy. This article analyzes the tension between the freedom of artistic expression on the one hand and an individual’s Right to Privacy on the other.

This paper serves as an introduction to the “Contested urban territories: decolonized perspectives” special issue. The idea for this issue emerged during our reflections on a socioterritorial perspective, preeminent in the current Latin American analysis of contemporary urban struggles (Schwarz and Streule, 2016). It aims to contribute to these ongoing debates about a specific understanding of urban territories from a postcolonial and decolonized perspective by combining contributions from two paper sessions we organized at the 2017 meeting of the American Association of Geographers in Boston with additional papers by scholars who could not participate in the conference. All seven contributions tackle the question of what a relational and dynamic conceptualization of territory may contribute to current debates in the urban studies field. Put more precisely, to which extent are socioterritorial approaches of value for a further decentering and pluralizing of urban theory? What is their significance to research on urban social movements? And, finally, how does such a socioterritorial perspective nurture and complement an analysis of the social production of space? The present special issue invites the reader to get familiar with new concepts and engage in a critical reflection on the conditions of knowledge production in urban geography and beyond.

This article adds to the discussion on standardisation of minority languages spoken in primarily oral cultures. Focusing on Amazonian Kichwa (Quechuan, lowland Ecuador), we show how the introduction of a written standard can undermine language transmission, prompt contradictory ideologies, and instil conflicting aims within speech communities. Our approach combines descriptive linguistics and ethnography. First, we examine the extent of variation within Amazonian Kichwa and compare the local varieties with the standard. We juxtapose this with the speakers’ perceptions of and attitudes towards variation, evidenced in their linguistic practices and discourse. We show that these perceptions have little to do with the features being standardised, but this does not preclude the speakers’ having clear attitudes towards what the perceived standard. To explain this, we propose that Amazonian Kichwa speakers value authenticity above mutual intelligibility, contrary to ideologies assigning value to languages as potential tools of wider communication. To conclude, we provide policy recommendations grounded in this study, but applicable to minoritised oral varieties in other contexts.

We here present the first comprehensive and validated species list of the parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae in Switzerland. The list includes 1,878 species and is based on both an extensive literature research and a review of all reliably identified specimens present in the major Swiss collections. Because of the incomplete taxonomic treatment of this largest hymenopteran family, we adopted a conservative approach, accepting only species that have been published recently and/or were identified by recognized experts. The subfamilies Adelognathinae, Brachycyrtinae, Diacritinae and Lycorininae are reported for the first time for the country, as are 470 of the 1,878 species. The true number of species of ichneumonids in Switzerland is probably much higher, given the incomplete revision of Swiss specimens and the fact that large areas of the country were studied very sparsely or not at all. The subalpine and alpine areas deserve special attention, as they show a higher ratio between the number of species per collected specimen; these areas should be the focus of intensified collecting efforts in the future. The current list may serve as a starting point for more extensive taxonomic and faunistic work on Ichneumonidae in Switzerland.

In light of his most prominent book “Territories in Resistance” (Zibechi, 2008), we conducted an interview with the researcher, journalist, and activist Raúl Zibechi. A well-known Uruguayan columnist with various Latin American newspapers, Zibechi was introduced to an English-speaking audience when translations of two of his books were published in 2010 and 2012 (Zibechi, 2010, 2012a). Combining activism and research, he has been working with social movements throughout Latin America since the 1980s. Socioterritorial movements, the key concept around which much of Zibechi's work revolves, are of particular interest for our theme issue “Contested Urban Territories: Decolonized Perspectives”. Our interview revisits Zibechi's idea of the emergence of new or other subjects through socioterritorial practices, and in consequence, of socioterritorial movements as harbingers of possible urban futures. In this context, the interview also explores links to the writings of Carlos Walter Porto Gonçalves on “territory”, Henri Lefebvre on “space”, and Frantz Fanon on “zones of being and non-being”. We understand a conversation along these lines as a contribution to the ongoing debate on a decolonialization of knowledge and knowledge production in the field of urban studies.

Il saggio analizza i documenti editi del monastero napoletano di S. Gregorio Armeno (secc. XII-XII) e offre una panoramica dello stato sociale, delle professioni, delle proprietà fondiarie e della loro trasmissione, del tenore di vita degli ebrei menzionati e della condizione femminile all’interno delle loro comunità. Fornisce, inoltre, nuovi dettagli sui contatti con altre comunità ebraiche in Europa e sulla vita e la famiglia del medico provenzale, filosofo e traduttore Ya‘aqov Anaṭoli. Jews in Naples between 12th and 13th Century: The Documents of S. Gregorio Armeno The paper examines the published charters of the Neapolitan convent of S. Gregorio Armeno (12th-13th centuries) and gives an account of the social status, profession, land tenure and transmission, and lifestyle of the mentioned Jews, female condition among them. It also provides supplementary details about their contacts with other Jewish communities throughout Europe and on the life and family of the Provençal physician, philosopher and translator Ya‘aqov Anaṭoli.

Nell'articolo si pubblica, per la prima volta integralmente, il diploma di dottorato in medicina rilasciato nell'estate del 1492 dall'Università di Napoli al medico e filoso ebreo Avraham ben Me’ir de Balmes di Lecce. Si tratta di un unico foglio pergamenaceo visto per la prima volta nel XIX secolo dallo studioso Mosè Soave a Venezia, nelle collezioni di Michelangelo Guggenheim. Soave descrisse parzialmente il documento nel 1878, senza pubblicarlo. In seguito la pergamena scomparve e fu considerata persa. Solo molto recentemente, nel 2010 il diploma è riapparso in vendita presso una libreria antiquaria di Como, da dove è giunto a un'asta di Sotheby's a New York per approdare, infine, nella Collezione Braginsky. Finemente illustrato con decorazioni a bianchi girari tipiche del tardo periodo aragonese, il diploma - a tutt'oggi un unicum - reca un elaborato testo in latino, in cui si riporta il permesso accordato da Innocenzo VIII ad Avraham de Balmes per poter conseguire il grado di artium et medicinae magister presso lo Studium di Napoli. Come il documento mostra chiaramente, nella stessa occasione, per qualche ragione, de Balmes ricevette anche il titolo di artium et medicinae doctor, ossia il titolo di dottorato: il più alto grado accademico, agli ebrei concesso di rado. Lasciata Napoli alcuni anni dopo, probabilmente dopo l'espulsione del 1510, Avraham ben Me’ir lavorò come traduttore, bibliotecario e forse anche medico personale del cardinale Domenico Grimani, vivendo fra Venezia e Padova; morirono entrambi nel 1523. La presenza del documento a Venezia, ancora secoli dopo, suggerisce che il diploma sia rimasto sempre a Palazzo Grimani, le cui collezioni d'arte furono in parte vendute allo stesso Guggenheim, il quale probabilmente tenne il documento per sé. The Doctoral Diploma in Medecine of Avraham ben Me’ir de Balmes (Naples 1492) For the first time, this article publishes and studies at length the original diploma of the doctorate in medicine issued in the Summer of 1492 by the Universityof Naplesto the Jewish physician and philosopher Avraham ben Me’ir de Balmes of Lecce. This unique parchment sheet was seen for the first time in the 19th century by the scholar Mosè Soave in Venice, among the collections of Michelangelo Guggenheim. Unfortunately Soave, who partially described the document in 1878, didn’t publish the text. Hereafter the document disappeared and it was considered lost. Very recently, the diploma has been put up for sale in 2010 in Como by an antique dealer; subsequently it arrived at Sotheby’s in New York and it is now part of the renowned Braginsky Collection. Thinly illustrated with typical decorations of the late Aragonese period, the diploma is unparalleled and bears an elaborated Latin text, which includes the permission given by Pope Innocent VIII to Avraham de Balmes to obtain the degree of artium et medicinae magister at the Studium of Naples. As the document clearly shows, for some reason in the same session de Balmes received also the title of artium et medicinae doctor, i.e., the doctorate: the highest educational degree, seldom if ever conferred to Jews. After having left the Kingdom of Naples, probably after the general expulsion of 1510, Avraham ben Me’ir worked as a translator, librarian and maybe as a personal physician of the Cardinal Domenico Grimani, living between Venice and Padua. Both died in 1523 at a short distance. The fact that the document was still in Venice in the 19th century suggest that the diploma remained in the Palazzo Grimani, whose art collections were partially sold by the very Guggenheim, who likely retained the document for himself.

Mediante el abordaje de nuevas perspectivas sobre la valorización turística, este trabajo pretende repensar la atractividad del paisaje estepario del norte de la provincia de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). Para ello se analizan recursos de la geodiversidad ubicados dentro de un área protegida existente, proponiendo así un escenario de prácticas geoturísticas dirigidas a satisfacer necesidades y motivaciones específicas, de manera que eventualmente se propicie una oportunidad especializada de desarrollo.

Ceftriaxone treatment of bacterial infections can be associated with biliary complications, more commonly in children than adults, in a dose-dependent manner. This study describes a clinical case series of children with ceftriaxone-related cholelithiasis. We performed a retrospective analysis of cases of ceftriaxone-related biliary complications admitted to the Pediatric Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy, during the period 2005-2015. Four children with cholelithiasis occurring during, or soon after, the treatment with ceftriaxone are reported. Case 1 (6-month-old), case 2 (9-year-old) and case 4 (10-year-old) were symptomatic, while case 3 (3-year-old) was asymptomatic. After the ultrasonographic diagnosis of gallstones (cases 1 and 2) or biliary sludge (cases 3 and 4), ceftriaxone treatment was withdrawn, and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was started in cases 1 and 2. A complete recovery was observed in all but case 1, in whom cholelithiasis was still detectable at one-year follow-up by ultrasonography. This case underwent a triple antibiotic protocol for bacterial meningitis. The protocol included rifampicin, which is known to have an effect in decreasing hepatic concentration of bile salts. Therefore, in this case, both rifampicin and UDCA were of no benefit in preventing or treating ceftriaxone biliary complications. The current pharmacological approach for the treatment of ceftriaxone-related cholelithiasis seems to be ineffective, likely due to the high calcium content of gallstones. Therefore, the best strategy of intervention for ceftriaxone biliary complications in children remains the prevention of the risk factors.

From the point of view of international law, what we are seeking in this paper is to expose some of the premises for a (new) approach to fundamental social rights. If we think about the absolute supremacy of human life, a life that, to be understood as such, must be a life lived with dignity, we have to think about life from a material point of view and, therefore, in a priority status to the so-called «social» rights, since social rights (economic, social and cultural) address issues as basic to life and human dignity as food, health, shelter, work, education and water. With this understanding, it becomes very clear that the materiality of human dignity rests on the so-called «existential minimum», the hard kernel of social rights, in such a way that social rights are genuine (true) fundamental human rights. Recognition of social rights cannot be, therefore, a mere listing of good intentions on the part of the state. Social rights are fundamental rights, which are for all men, can be exercised by everyone and are essential to life and human dignity. What we are seeking in this paper, then, is to shed light on the understanding that social rights are fundamental human rights in international law.

In this contribution, we report on the educational theatre production Olymp.ja! at Staatstheater Darmstadt from 2017, which dealt with the connection between the current phenomenon of sport or rather lifestyle and that of ancient myths. Through themes like self-overcoming, crossing borders, the search for glory and honour, solving seemingly unsolvable tasks and so one, in this production, we drew a line between these two ranges of topics. On the one hand, these themes were negotiated on an intellectual level, on the other hand by the physical commitment of the participants. The work created with a group of amateurs showed the complexity of both fields, but also what ancient myths mean today personally to the individual player of this staging.

This article focuses on making “school talk,” or classroom discourse, more explicit on two levels. One level involves making explicit for teachers both the nature of school talk, and the reasons why many children may come to school unfamiliar with the school talk register. Providing teachers with this awareness enables them, in turn, to make school talk explicit for their students by directly explaining the rules for engaging in this type of discourse to them. As tools for enhancing teacher awareness, this article clearly distinguishes the school talk and everyday social talk registers and provides information regarding the cultural variation in children learning to use school talk at home. The shortcomings of previous implicit approaches to teaching school talk are examined, and ways to make the rules for engaging in this register explicit for children are suggested.

In traditional dialectology, prominent geographical conditions are particularly made responsible for linguistic divergence between neighboring dialect areas (e. g. rivers, mountain ranges, etc.). Also modern national borders, territories of the Middle Ages or even older borders between tribal areas are made responsible as factors which consider linguistic areas as “mirror pictures of history” (Bach 1950: 31, translation: CS). Geographical as well as political borders seem to function as points of orientation that speakers use for constructing their cognitive surroundings and which consequently can result in linguistic divergence. In our contribution, we want to focus on the question of how the topographic nature of land-scapes influences the mental construction of linguistic areas by lay speakers. For pursuing this question, we will discuss results from German dialect areas that cover a broad range of different topographic landscape forms. The analyzed areas are located in the utter southwest of Germany (characterized by flat lands along the Rhine valley and low mountain ranges of the Black Forest) and in South Tyrol in the very north of Italy (characterized by mountains and deep valley cuttings). In our contribution, we will argue that speakers in their subjective dialect perception orient themselves toward national borders and topographically prominent points. With regard to topography primarily valleys are used as eponyms for subjective dialect areas.

Mediante el abordaje de nuevas perspectivas sobre la valorización turística, este trabajo pretende repensar la atractividad del paisaje estepario del norte de la provincia de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina), proponiéndolo como escenario de prácticas geoturísticas dirigidas a satisfacer necesidades y motivaciones específicas, propiciando así una oportunidad especializada de desarrollo.

In November 2015, members of the research project "'Here You Leave Today': Time and Temporality in Theme Parks" and members of the Department of Classics and Ancient History at the University of Exeter joined in the organization of a unique event: the opening to the public, for one day, of the simulation of a theme park with an ancient Roman theme in the Exeter Library. This article explains the genesis and the development of this impact project.

En concomitance avec la première guerre du Liban (1982), les manifestations de haine se sont multipliées en Italie et en Europe à l’encontre des communautés juives, objet d’une identification simpliste avec l’État d’Israël. Les années quatre-vingt ont marqué une accélération des dynamiques de révision identitaire en cours au sein du monde juif. Au même moment, le souvenir du génocide nazi est devenu un repère toujours plus important dans l’imaginaire historique de l’ensemble des sociétés européennes. Cette étude entend établir un lien entre ces différents phénomènes et montrer qu’en Italie, ce sont justement les événements de 1982 qui ont été à l’origine d’une évolution des rapports entre la communauté juive et la nation, processus qui a, à son tour, notamment favorisé une relecture des événements du passé récent, conduisant à une réévaluation de l’histoire de l’antisémitisme dans l’Italie contemporaine et à une remise en cause de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler le « mythe du bon Italien ».

Vivemos num mundo marcado por divisões de ordem religiosa, política, geográfica, cultural, de gênero, social e de outras naturezas inúmeras. A vida humana se dá nesse universo dividido. O ecumenismo consiste numa disposição de aproximação e caminhada conjunta entre diferentes Igrejas a fim de que diferenças não tenham que ser sinônimo de divisão, mas de pluralidade e fonte de riqueza para quem se dispõe a construir a Unidade.Palavras-chave: Ecumenismo; Cristianismo; Diálogo; Unidade; Pluralidade; Igrejas. ABSTRACTWe live in a world marked by divisions of a religious, political, geographical, cultural, gender and social order, to mention a few. Human life takes place in this divided universe. Ecumenism consists of a willingness of various Faiths to approach each other and march together so that differences do not mean division, but plurality and a source of richness to those who wish to construct Unity.Key words: Ecumenism; Christianity; Dialogue; Unity; Plurality; Churches.

Frank Kolb, Burg – Polis – Bischofssitz. Geschichte der Siedlungskammer von Kyaneai in der Südwesttürkei (Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2008), Pp. XIV+482 S.; ISBN 978-3-8053-3900-1; 49,90 Euro.

The Parapompé of the Emperor and His Army in the North-West Asia MinorWhen writing on the crisis in the 3rd century and the numerous military campaigns with the concomitant increase in demands on cities for supplies, scholars regularly refer to a number of inscriptions from Prusias ad Hypium which are meant to confirm and illustrate this increasing burden on the cities. These inscriptions mention that the persons commemorated undertook a parapompé. This term is held by some scholars to denote a whole package of services ranging from the provision of food for the army to the entertainment of the emperor. The authors go to show that this interpretation of the term parapompé lacks positive confirmation in the sources and that the contexts in which this term was usually used call for an interpretation closer to its basic meaning of «escort».

This review discusses Gianluca Fantoni's recent monograph Storia della Brigata ebraica. Gli ebrei della Palestina che combatterono in Italia nella seconda guerra mondiale. It aims to contextualize the attention dedicated to said military unit in recent years, and especially to put into perspective the relevance of the heated symbolic clashes that have contributed to reshape rituals and rhetorics that characterize National Liberation Day celebrations (April 25) in Italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El explorador prusiano Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) y el erudito norteamericano George Ticknor (1791-1871) se conocieron en 1817 en París, después que Ticknor había estudiado idiomas, historia y ciencias naturales en la Universidad de Göttingen. Dos años más tarde, llegó a ser el primer Profesor Harvard de Lenguas y Literatura francesa y española. Cuando Ticknor visitó Europa en 1836 y 1856, Humboldt fue su guía en la capital prusiana. Humboldt y Ticknor fueron mediadores entre el Viejo Mundo y el Nuevo Continente en una época en que el nacionalismo estaba de moda en la literatura y la política. Humboldt y Ticknor no estaban de acuerdo en todas las cuestiones políticas. Sin embargo, el respecto que existía entre ellos evitó los asuntos controvertibles en su conversación y posiblemente en su correspondencia. Con su habilidad para clasificar las cosas tenían en común por encima de sus diferencias ser capaces de mantener un diálogo fructífero trasatlántico durante cuarenta años.