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Even if the present work has a purely critical-reconstructive approach to Hegelian thought in the various phases of his philosophical activity, it intends to show in detail the very close and intrinsic connection between the system and the concept of right both from a phenomenological and epistemic point of view. Since the beginning of Hegel's reflection, a close and repeatedly in-depth dealing with the juridical theme and in particular that of Person has been documented precisely because it represents the foundation of a 'substantialization' of the subject in its objectivity which finds in the will the constitutive moment of its same freedom. Alternatively, the subject would be inexorably relegated to the more or less natural indeterminacy of its own formal subjectivity without true content. At the level of secondary literature, based on what it has been possible to consult, it appears that the analysis has bene focused rather on the separate content of Recht's Hegelian concept and its articulations while the connection with the system has not been made at least sufficiently explicit and seems mantained rather in the background. As just hinted at, Hegel’s philosophy of right is a pivotal element inside his system and his theoretical evolution since his early thinking activity. Its concept is essentially what can be called ‘substance’, namely objectivity concerning the subjective finite subject and determining its real infinity, wherein its will by aspiring to it its will finds its authentic (initial) freedom. The concept of right is necessarily treated both phenomenologically so that the finite spirit experiences this juridical will in the Wirklichkeit of its apparent form, and epistemologically so as to present its true philosophical concept or idea inside the science of the objective spirit.

Visceral muscle dysmotility syndrome (VMDS) is a rare syndrome, described in the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) clinical course. It is characterized by diffuse thickened intestinal wall and gastrointestinal-genitourinary-hepatobiliary hollow viscera dilatation and dysmotility. Due to the rarity and the heterogeneity of the clinical characteristics of this syndrome, it is not entirely clear which is the best diagnostic imaging technique for the diagnosis and/or follow-up, even if, in all the described cases, computed tomography (CT) was generally used to study visceral involvement. However, there are no cases describing the visceral metabolic activity by 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG)-positron emission tomography-CT (18FDG-PET-CT). Here, we reported the first clinical case of VMDS studied by 18FDG-PET-CT, characterizing the metabolic activity of this rare syndrome during SLE flare. We found a high intestinal metabolic burden, hyper-fixation in duodenum, and high hepatic metabolic activity. Moreover, we reviewed the literature on VMDS in SLE, focusing on imaging techniques in different anatomical sites (bowel, urinary tract, bile ducts), patients' symptoms, and treatment.

RESUMEN En este artículo proponemos estudiar la manera en que la conceptualización de la muerte llevada a cabo por Hegel ha sido leída por una serie de autores. De esta manera, en un primer apartado restituiremos la interpretación realizada por Heidegger sobre Hegel, para, en un segundo momento, recuperar la lectura decisiva de Kojève sobre el mismo autor, y terminar con una reposición de la hermenéutica llevada a cabo por Bataille del filósofo idealista alemán. Así, se expondrá en la conclusión al presente artículo la existencia de motivos repetidos y sumamente similares presentes en los tres pensadores recién nombrados, para quienes ciertamente la figura de Hegel ha constituido una herencia insoslayable.

The literature highlights the need for innovation in the training of senior care professionals to enable them to respond to emerging challenges and provide services oriented towards the quality of life of older adults. The aim of the research is to explore the training needs of professionals in the care of frail older people, particularly in light of the Covid-19 experience, using an exploratory qualitative research design. Interviews and mini focus groups were conducted with 25 participants, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results suggest the need to promote caregivers’ social-emotional competencies and adopt person-centred approaches to ensure the professional well-being and quality of life of older persons. Analizzare bisogni formativi di chi opera nella cura di anziani fragili: gli esiti di una prima ricerca esplorativa. La letteratura sottolinea la necessità di innovare la formazione dei professionisti della cura della terza età, affinché siano in grado di rispondere alle sfide emergenti e fornire servizi orientati alla qualità della vita degli anziani. L’obiettivo della ricerca è quello di esplorare i bisogni formativi delle figure professionali della cura delle persone anziane fragili, anche alla luce dell’esperienza del Covid-19, adottando un disegno di ricerca qualitativo di tipo esplorativo. Sono state condotte interviste e mini focus group con 25 partecipanti e i dati sono stati analizzati con l’analisi tematica. I risultati suggeriscono la necessità di promuovere le competenze socio-emotive dei caregiver e di adottare approcci centrati sulla persona per garantire il benessere professionale e la qualità della vita degli anziani.

In the current dehumanized and tragic realities shaping our society, many turn to art to use the felt anger, sadness or pain to create something which may help themselves, others, and the world. Performance artist Carlos Martiel is one of those who first started making art to help himself, then, with his raw and impactful works, he inevitably began to help others. This essay investigates Martiel’s work, focusing on the central role of the body as a catalyst for change in the context of performance art. By demonstrating how his artistic practice resembles nonviolent protests, the view of performance art as artistic activism is suggested, acknowledging how their effect, affect, and Æffect, is resonant.

The compulsory measures implemented by governments to control the COVID-19 pandemic affected the global population’s physical, psychological, and behavioural health. In particular, the pandemic further exacerbated social isolation and loneliness among older adults, and the interaction between ageism and the pandemic heightened the sense of loneliness and social disconnection among older adults, necessitating work to increase social cohesion. This paper aims to explore the impact of the pandemic on older people, focusing on the social dimension and intergenerational education as protective factors capable of mitigating the negative effects of the pandemic on social isolation in the elderly and thus preventing its consequences. Finally, several perspectives for rebuilding a democratic community alliance are reflected upon. The revision of community dynamics from an intergenerational perspective can give renewed value to the interweaving of biographies and social projects in an inclusive and participatory way.

La linguistica di Saussure è stata motivo di diversi dibattiti, a vari livelli e tempi. Uno di essi riguarda la distinzione sincronia/diacronia, che Sechehaye e Hjelmslev hanno fatto oggetto dei propri interventi esegetici. Come è noto, essa dipende dalla precedente e basilare distinzione di langue e parole con diverse conseguenze di tali nozioni circa i rapporti tra i due linguisti e quindi le loro differenze linguistiche, anche profonde. Sechehaye nel suo Les trois linguistiques saussuriennes (1940) con la pretesa di risolvere la suddetta dicotomia introduce un nuovo elemento diacronico chiamato parole organisée teoricamente conoscibile come “schema de parole”. Hjelmslev nella sua Langue et parole, al contrario, pur rispondendo in qualche modo a questa inedita suggestione, cerca di abbandonare l’approccio diacronico, sebbene implicitamente il concetto di schema di Sechehaye venga ricusato mentre questo lemma parola viene ri-coniato e ri-concepito nel senso glossematico di langue-forme, la questione specifica su cui si concentra la presente analisi.

Objective. The prevalence of crystal arthropathies in the general population is rising. The purpose of this pictorial study is to describe the sonographic elements of the most prevalent crystal arthropathies by emphasizing particular sonographic findings using illustrative images and cases while considering technical details and common pitfalls. Methods. Using established recommendations, specialists in the fields of sonography and crystal arthropathies agreed by consensus on the unique ultrasound signs associated with each of the conditions. Results. Gout, calcium pyrophosphate deposition arthropathy, and hydroxyapatite arthropathy are the three most prevalent crystal arthropathies. Today’s high-resolution sonography enables reliable evaluation of the underlying crystal deposits, post-inflammatory changes, and a precise description of joint inflammation. Conclusions. High-prevalence crystal arthropathies are reliably detectable by ultrasound with current ultrasound equipment. It is necessary to have extensive ultrasound training, know specific sonographic findings, and understand all possible differential diagnoses for disorders affecting the musculoskeletal system.

La responsabilità civile non ha finora rappresentato un deterrente molto efficace contro l’inquinamento ambientale. Il risarcimento dei danni biologici è spesso impedito dalla difficoltà di dimostrare il nesso causale. Gli autori illustrano lo stato dell’arte della giurisprudenza e la metodologia internazionale di accertamento del nesso causale, così da fornire un chiave di lettura interdisciplinare all’interprete su un tema ad alta stratificazione dottrinale. Civil liability has not so far represented a very effective deterrent against environmental pollution. Compensation for the resulting biological damage is often prevented by the difficulty of proving causation. The authors clarify the state of the art of jurisprudence and the international methodology for ascertaining causation, so as to provide an interdisciplinary interpretation key to the interpreter on a topic with high doctrinal stratification.

Recensione al volume

The report describes the experimentation of automatic handwriting recognition with the Transkribus platform for some registers of a late fifteenth/early sixteenth-century Benevento notary, with the goal of creating an automatic transcription that includes automatic dissolving of abbreviations to create a more readable text. This experimentation is particularly significant because notarial registers are often the only numerically important source for Renaissance southern Italy, and an automatic transcription, even a less than perfect one, can be a valuable tool for facilitating access to these sources.

The restrictions due to the Covid pandemic in which we lived from 2020 to 2022 imposed distancing as a social behavior and the use of technological devices to partially compensate for the impossibility of interpersonal contact. Field research was also limited due to the impossibility of moving around the area, distrust of close contact and the precautions necessary to prevent contagion. Therefore, the question arose as to what was meant by «being in the field». This paper is based on long-lasting ethnographies and on the reflections that emerged following the production of dense and profound ethnographic documents based on data collected through WhatsApp, one of the most widespread digital messaging platforms.

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar se as atividades de lazer podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento do bem-estar espiritual na perspectiva de estudantes universitários. Trata de uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, transversal, exploratória, do tipo estudo de caso. A pesquisa foi realizada na unidade acadêmica da Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, cidade de Ibirité. Participaram 108 estudantes (29,8±10,4 anos), sendo 61,1% do sexo feminino e 38,9% masculino. Em relação ao estado civil, 71,3% são solteiros, 38,9% são casados, e 5,6% são divorciados. Foi adotado um questionário semiestruturado elaborado pelos autores, e o Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire, validado para o português. Como principais resultados obteve-se uma média de 4,4 de concordância de que o lazer pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento do bem-estar espiritual; em relação ao resultado do Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire, a média geral foi de 3,8. Considera-se que os diversos benefícios que podem ser alcançados pela interface entre lazer e bem-estar espiritual, potencializam as estratégias de coping, resiliência, assim como a melhoria do desempenho acadêmico.

L’articolo tratta delle comunità di italiani che si sono formate in diversi paesi dell’Europa centro orientale a partire dal medioevo e dall’età moderna, prestando particolare attenzione a quelle che si sono consolidate nel periodo tra la fine del XIX secolo e la prima metà del XX secolo. Nate spesso in alternativa alle mete tradizionali d’oltreoceano e dell’Europa settentrionale, nel corso del tempo queste comunità hanno conosciuto storie diverse, alcune hanno scelto di tornare in Italia, altre invece sono rimaste, assimilandosi o preservando la propria identità socio-culturale e diventando minoranze etniche. Il periodo del socialismo reale ha rappresentato per molti italiani un periodo di isolamento e di perdita della propria identità. Con la caduta del muro di Berlino, le vicende di queste comunità di “italiani dimenticati” si sono intrecciate ai flussi migratori dei cosiddetti global migrant dei nostri giorni. L’articolo approfondisce quindi caso-studio dell’emigrazione degli italiani in Romania nell’Ottocento, che ha avuto un forte impatto sull’economia e sulla cultura dei due paesi. All’epoca i lavoratori italiani erano richiesti per le loro abilità in vari settori e questo ha creato legami culturali e sociali tra i due paesi la cui eco si riverbera sull’attuale immigrazione romena in Italia. The socio-cultural identity of Italian communities in Central and Eastern Europe. An introduction The article deals with the Italian communities that were formed in various countries of Central and Eastern Europe starting from the Middle Ages and the modern age, paying particular attention to those that consolidated between the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. Often born as an alternative to the traditional overseas and northern European destinations, over time these communities have known different destinies, with some choosing to return to Italy, while others have remained, assimilating or preserving their own socio-cultural identity and becoming ethnic minorities. The period of real socialism represented for many Italians a time of isolation and loss of their own identity. With the fall of the Berlin Wall, the events of these communities of “forgotten Italians” intertwined with the migratory flows of the so-called “global migrants” of our day. The article then explores the case study of the emigration of Italians to Romania in the 19th century, which had a strong impact on the economy and culture of the two countries. At the time, Italian workers were in demand for their skills in various sectors, creating cultural and social ties between the two countries whose echoes are reflected in the current Romanian immigration to Italy.

Luigi Breventani (1847-1906), a distinguished scholar of Bolognese canon law, archeology and medieval topography, collected a series of drawings, mostly of architectural subjects, probably coming from the collection of Marcello Oretti (1714- 1787). Breventani attributed them to the architect Pietro Fiorini (Bologna, 1539-1629), but some sheets cannot be attributed to him, since the handwriting of notes and measures do not correspond. One of these sheets shows plan and cross section of a large chapel measured in Bolognese feet: a dimensional and formal analysis allows us to identify in it an unexecuted project for the Pepoli chapel in San Domenico in Bologna, under construction since 1551, merging Medieval and Renaissance elements, by the architect Antonio Morandi. In 1550, he had supplanted Vignola as master-builder of San Petronio’s Basilica. Probably, Filippo Pepoli, President of the Fabbriceria and belonging to one of the most influential families in the city, had first given the commission of the chapel to Vignola, later revoking it, for reasons of expediency, after his dismissal (1550). The chapel project, one of the few works dating back to the 1540s which can be attributed to Vignola, shows the successful fusion of ancient and modern sources, anticipating the research on ecclesiastical spaces with a central matrix that the architect was to develop later in Roman works.

Sin dalla sua “scoperta”, che potremmo definire recente, l’autismo è stato investigato in differenti aree. Buona parte della ricerca si è concentrata sui segni e sintomi che ne permettono la diagnosi. Gli apporti del mondo scientifico alla lettura dell’autismo sono stati differenti, ad oggi vi sono diverse piste genetiche, neuroscientifiche e psicologiche che, alla luce della complessità, tendono a dare una descrizione dell’autismo o di alcuni suoi aspetti. Ad oggi non vi è una teoria omnicomprensiva di lettura dell’autismo, tuttavia si sta provando ad andare in questa direzione ed il NMIH di Insel ne è un esempio. Sebbene la ricerca abbia prodotto molto nei settori citati, ci confrontiamo con molti meno dati quando indaghiamo l’età adulta. Vi sono due aspetti particolarmente interessanti dell’autismo in età adulta, il primo riguarda la diagnosi in quanto sono tanti i soggetti, soprattutto donne ad alto funzionamento o asperger, che arrivano ad avere una diagnosi nella giovinezza o età adulta. Un altro aspetto interessante, invece, riguarda le aree dell’istruzione, dell’impiego lavorativo, dell’indipendenza ed autonomia nei soggetti adulti autistici. Pertanto, sebbene la gravità dei sintomi dell'autismo e le difficoltà comportamentali tendano a diminuire in media nel tempo, l’età adulta rimane appannaggio del singolo soggetto e della famiglia, senza la presenza di supporti adeguati. Infatti, in termini di prospettive educative e occupazionali post-scolastiche, gli individui con autismo tendono a cavarsela ancora meno bene degli individui con altri disturbi, come disabilità intellettiva, difficoltà specifiche di apprendimento, disturbi della parola e del linguaggio. Inoltre, conseguenza del poco investimento della comunità all’interno di questo ambito, vi sono delle preoccupazioni sullo screening accurato e sulla diagnosi degli adulti. La mancanza di strumenti diagnostici specificamente convalidati per l'uso con gli adulti rimane una seria sfida metodologica sia per i ricercatori che per gli specialisti. Lo scopo della nostra scoping review, è evidenziare quanto emerge in termini di outcomes nella popolazione di autistici adulti, e quanti di questi studi coinvolgono la popolazione femminile. I nostri risultati hanno rivelato quanto aspetti legati alla famiglia, all’ambiente ed alle politiche sociali, influiscano sugli outcomes di benessere dei soggetti autistici adulti.

El presente trabajo busca estudiar el lugar de la comunidad en el pensamiento de Bataille, un lugar en absoluto identificable en forma precisa, sino que se encuentra diseminado a lo largo de su obra en distintos puntos. Para ellos, buscaremos, en una primera instancia, analizar cómo aparece en el filósofo francés dicha comunidad perdida, para, en una segunda instancia, investigar cuál fue la –desacertada– respuesta fascista ante ese hecho, y, por último, esbozar de qué manera podría erigirse un modelo propositivo de comunidad de acuerdo a Bataille.

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In these first decades of the 21st century, robotics in the medical field has exponentially expanded the register of perceptive, empathic, cognitive and operational capabilities of artificial agents with increasing autonomy. This contribution intends to deepen the relationship between natural and artificial, identifying issues relating to the difference or similarity between man and machine. Faced with the use of artificial humanoid agents, the SAR (Socially Interactive Robots) which form the variety of assistance robotic systems, studied above all for the care of the elderly and children affected by psychiatric pathologies, it seems necessary to overcome the perspective of exclusively utilitarian-consequential, or the one that sees them as simple “objects” to be manipulated, since the active presence of these artificial agents are programmed to "create" relationships, to enter into a “mutual” contact (even if of an asymmetrical type) both with nursing and medical staff, and with elderly or sick people. It goes without saying that it is the robotic engineer who creates/programs the robot; in short, it is man who manages the machine and directs it to certain specific tasks. This does not mean that the most sophisticated cobots (Collaborative robots) – robots capable of collaborating with man and responding to multiple expectations through different and articulated responses according to the human being in front of them – must assume and require a more articulated anthropological and ethical perspective.

With the scope to develop survival strategies out of Covid-19 pandemia, many museums had to re-define their space of representation and turned to digital communication. A common trend was to digitalise collections and archives in order to make these available to visitors. The blurred boundaries between consumption and production in art and social media, and the overwhelming of spaces of visibility questioned the museum as a space of representation towards one of distribution. A prognosis came from the exhibition Supermarket of Images (Jeu de Paume, Paris, 2020) as it raised the issue of the economy of images, of saturation, and of spaces of visibility. The text emphasises the consequences of the role of museum in the time of increased digitalisation. For many commentators, the reference for understanding the changing role of the museum was Malraux’s musée imaginaire which became an icon of a loose understanding of domestic museums. However, staging art at the “level of the image” doesn’t go without consequences and calls for incorporating in museum studies new methodologies. Ultimately the text upholds Warburg’s ‘atlas’ as an imperative to understand the stratification of images and their trade routes and, as a better tool for investigating the museum’s function in the age of image distribution.

The paper describes context, development, methodology, tools, problems and plans for the future of the research activities which have already originated the collaborative digital critical edition of the documents of the Abbey of S. Maria della Grotta (2018). This edition aimed at experimenting with the editor of the Monasterium.Net platform and was developed by an international group of editors. Its main function was to test the real and current possibilities of producing critical editions of documents online and to address the problem of the full recognition of digital products of this kind within the relevant scientific community. Naturally, this function implies also the search for a practical solution to interrogate and interpret the data it contains.

The extraordinary over all textual situation of Parmenides’ B1,1-3, due to complex, variegate and polymorphous causes, entailed and still entails diverse sorts of problematic issues so to constitute a true labyrinth of philological, hermeneutical and theoretical instances interwoven each other in almost inextricable way. In this analysis, a first substantial knot of philological type resulted necessary to a preliminary discrimination for making sure the textual reconstruction in order to argue then its most literarily clarifiable and specifiable meaning. In this way it was also possible to make sure its semantic and theoretical relevancies. This research leaded to outline and, hopefully, to demonstrate no textual corruption and following misunderstanding happened before sec. XIII, namely corresponding to the lecture present in the first available manuscript, the so-called cod. N, universally excluded and entirely misevaluated, even discarded; instead it is not only the principle, but the unique reliable codex. The detailed analyse including the autoptic exam is the result of enlightening the absolute goodness of this version and the reasons both philological and hermeneutical comparations, which allow to achieve its complete textological rehabilitation and so to grasp its real conceptual content.

Palazzo Ginnasi in Via delle Botteghe Oscure was deeply transformed because of the enlargement and rectification of the street made in the 1930s. The palace had undergone, since the third-fourth decade of the seventeenth century, a series of radical interventions promoted by Cardinal Domenico Ginnasi, who made it the seat of a Carmelite nuns' monastery reconstructing also the ancient church. It became later the Collegio Ginnasi and then the seat of the Casa Generalizia and pontifical Istituto maestre Pie Filippini. Some drawings for the building, commissioned by Francesco Ginnasi (1515-1587), doctor and professor of the Roman Studio, and by his son Alessandro (1547-1591), who followed his father's footsteps, are kept at the Accademia Nazionale di San Luca. A still unpublished drawing at the Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, Rome, documents Ottaviano Mascarino’s project for the building facade facing the small square that opened in Via della Botteghe Oscure. The presence of the serliana and other formal characteristics refer to the Roman culture of the first half of the sixteenth century (Bramante, Raffaello, Peruzzi, Sangallo) rather than to that of the end of the century, deeply influenced by followers of Michelangelo such as Giacomo Della Porta. Mascarino’s design represents an important case-study useful for revising some widespread but inadequate categories, of sociological derivation, in the history of architecture of this period.

Track Access Charges (TAC) represents the fees paid by operators to utilize railway infrastructure, encompassing tracks, stations, and related facilities. These charges play a crucial role in cost recovery for maintaining, expanding, and operating the railway network, while ensuring fair access for multiple operators. TAC regulations typically consider parameters, such as train mass, distance traveled, time of operation, and service type to determine charges, aiming to establish a transparent and competitive system that optimizes network use and to foster sustainability and growth. The paper undertakes a comprehensive comparative analysis of TAC across 18 European countries, delving into both qualitative and quantitative aspects of TAC regulations. It investigates on the intricate relationships between regulations and key network and capacity features. The analysis encompasses both quantitative metrics and qualitative evaluations, focusing on capacity management and network use. Furthermore, the paper provides recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to enhance the efficacy of TAC regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors aim to describe the Covid-19 toll-free psychological helpline activated by Azienda Regionale Ares 118 during the SARS-Cov-2 coronavi-rus emergency. The article highlights the peculiarity of Ares 118’s choice to struc-ture the service by exclusively engaging qualified psychologists belonging to La-zio’s main associations of emergency psychology, making them work in close col-laboration with the medical staff of the same toll-free number. The article is the result of what has been observed in the first three months since the activation of the service and contains, in addition to the summary of the types of requests re-ceived, the strengths and needed improvements of what can be considered an innovative and functioning model that provides concrete and useful responses to citizens during the emergency. In this article it has not been possible to process the statistical data collected, as the service is still active and the data collection is ongoing. The final considerations provide possible scenarios of integrated psychol-ogy services in the context of regional or national health systems, paving the way for what could be a constant and consolidated reality.

From the topics addressed in the articles of this Special Issue, dedicated to acute coronary syndromes (ACS), some priorities have emerged summarizing the complexity of the management of these patients, which must take into account not only clinical and pharmacological factors but also logistical and organizational aspects, as well as elements of health policy. Only the synergy between these different aspects can bring out the solution for the optimization of ACS management, in terms of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and improvement of the patient's quality of life.

The current management strategy of acute coronary syndromes aims at symptoms relief as well as at specifically antagonizing each of the different pathogenic components of myocardial ischemia, including the pro-thrombotic state, poor coronary flow and myocardial damage. Different approaches are available, including revascularization procedures and pharmacological interventions. Various anti-anginal, anti-thrombotic and anti-coagulant drugs can be used according to individual features and needs, as well as secondary prevention measures based on statin use and ACE-inhibition. The appropriate use of available measures is crucial to reduce mortality and improve long-term prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Human Enhancement is a modification aimed to improve human’s characteristics and capabilities through scientific or technological interventions in the human body, starting from an ‘integrity condition’ and not from a state of disease. Therefore, we need to value if the enhancement is harmful of the human dignity or if it’s an useful tool to improve the human life’s condition. Methods: At first we focused on the bibliographic research dedicated to the HE’s classification through the analysis of health’s and enhancement’s definitions, confronting with the bio-juridical perspective as for example the possible negative effects over a person’s dignity, identity, freedom, equality; and comparing scientific and humanistic theories. We later examined in detail the national and the supranational legal framework of the last ten years, from the Science and Technology Options Assessment’s Human Enhancement Study to the Comitato Nazionale per la Bioetica’s opinions. Starting from this classification we located and analyzed some typologies of enhancement, using a medical social methodological approach and deepening each subject matter from both doctrinaire and jurisprudential profile. Results: Doping, cosmetic surgery and prenatal genetic enhancement’s prohibition are techniques already disciplined. Smart drugs and deep brain stimulation are techniques already disciplined for therapeutic purpose, but sometimes their application lies outside the disease’s therapy. Military and biological enhancement are techniques in an experimental phase. We have represented the particular difficulties in identifying the limits of lawfulness of each of these typologies of enhancement. Conclusions: We could hypothesize a ‘case by case’ law’s approach, because it’s ductile and able to adapt on the peculiar characteristics of every single form of enhancement, evaluating at the same time political, legal, ethical, social and safety impact, in a context of inhomogeneity of the Human Enhancement Technologies that it doesn’t allow an uniform normative framework able to fully satisfy individual and collective needs.

Evelyne Ricci s’intéresse au théâtre de propagande créé dans la zone républicaine pendant la guerre civile espagnole. Elle examine les rapports complexes entre le mensonge et le théâtre de guerre, qui sont conditionnés, à la fois, par des enjeux politiques et par des considérations esthétiques (en particulier, la conception réaliste qui continue à le régir). Si ce théâtre prétend dire la vérité et refléter la réalité, il n’en a pas moins recours au mentir-vrai, pour, paradoxalement, dénoncer le mensonge, l’exhiber ou, tout simplement, s’affirmer en tant que spectacle. C’est souvent dans les pièces où l’artifice de la théâtralité est le plus manifeste, celles-là mêmes où l’effet de réel est le moins grand, que la vision du monde qui est proposée est la plus à même de toucher le public. Les œuvres de Rafael Alberti ou celles de Rafael Dieste en sont le meilleur exemple. Par le recours à des effets de métathéâtralité et de marionnettisation, par le recours au comique, au grotesque et à la caricature (des processus qui exploitent à l’extrême le mensonge et la distorsion de la réalité), les deux dramaturges parviennent à créer une émotion esthétique réelle, qui sert et renforce leur propos. L’art ne dit jamais mieux la réalité que lorsqu’il ment effrontément. Parmi les pièces du corpus : Teatro en la guerra (1937) de Miguel Hernández, Unidad de José Luis Clairac (1939), El amanecer (1936) de Rafael Dieste, El frente de Extremadura et El cuartel de la montaña (1936) de Balbontín, Alas rojas de José Coterillo Llano.

Il contributo illustra gli obiettivi formativi del CdLm in Architettura-Rigenerazione urbana, promosso dal Dipartimento PDTA, Sapienza Università di Roma. Il CdL ha l’obiettivo di delineare un profilo formativo di architetto inserito a pieno titolo nel contesto europeo, con specifiche competenze nel campo dei metodi, delle procedure, degli strumenti e dei meccanismi attuativi finalizzati alla messa in campo di strategie di rigenerazione urbana.

Nell'emergenza sociale, climatica ed ecologica che il mondo sta affrontando, è fondamentale sostenere una ristrutturazione profonda del modo in cui si propone la ricerca e l’insegnamento delle discipline del progetto. L’Ecoparadigm Cluster dell’Università di Trento sviluppa questi temi portando avanti esperienze formative di progettazione reale alle diverse scale sia nella ricerca che nell’insegnamento al fine di esplorare il ruolo decisivo, sostenibile e conveniente del progettista architetto per il miglioramento della vita urbana contemporanea.