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The essay argues how to reject a person in Libya or close ports to migrants, as well as criminalize and obstruct the NGOs which are saving humans in the Mediterranean, violate the prohibition of torture and of inhuman or degrading treatments and constitute a crime against humanity. Responsibility lies with those who personally practice torture, but the European States’ governments or the EU executives are certainly not exempt from responsibility.

The present paper investigates some recent developments related to the topic of the external dimension of the Area of Freedom Security and Justice (AFSJ). The proper qualification of the competence of the European Union in this area raises several questions. The article describes how these issues have been tackled inside the EU particularly in some specific cases, namely: concerning the external dimension of some topics related to the judicial cooperation in the civil sector; for the conclusion of readmission agreements concerning third country nationals; for the conclusion of an agreement with Turkey aimed at the resettlement of international protection seekers, taking into account that such agreement has so far been considered particularly controversial due to some serious shortcomings contained in it, specifically in terms of compliance with relevant human rights protection standards.