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Baldo, G. (2019). Italiano per stranieri. Semplificare, facilitare, adattare manuali scolastici disciplinari. Alessandria: Edizioni dell’Orso, pp. 168.

This essay deals with a series of strategies that second or foreign language learners adopt in an effort to avoid making predictable errors. One of the most significant and least studied aspects in the academic field is the type of strategies that are put in place to make changes in the planning of the discourse, when the elements are not available to cope with the event, the communication need or when a speaker wants to change subject from a little-known conversational or textual sector. We intend to examine the concept of competence with respect to performance, the role and type of errors, ending up eliciting a taxonomy of interventions by learners, aimed at avoiding errors in oral and written production.

This paper presents the results of a research on language educational practices related to the teaching of Italian as a second language (ISL), aimed at learners in the situation of vulnerability and disadvantage. In many contexts of welcoming, the need to reconcile the first reception practices relating to housing, sustenance and health, with the dimension of language teaching, is evident. The ISL teachers who work within emergency frameworks often experience a feeling of discomfort connected to the motivational dynamics: if the students receive the necessities of the essentials from those who deal with the reception and expect to stay in Italy for a short period of time, it is possible that there will not be intrinsic motivation for studying and exercising the language. The survey, divided into several operational phases, is based on a questionnaire submitted to the teaching staff that deals with the ISL education within the contexts of reception. The most significant aspect of the data analysis is the absence of communicative needs compared to the daily life of the students.

Copyright of Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L’articolo presenta i risultati di uno studio esplorativo condotto in collaborazione con il personale docente in Italia e in Svizzera sul tema della percezione della dimensione cooperativa e di quella collaborativa nell’insegnamento dell’italiano. L’articolo dapprima inquadra la cooperazione e la collaborazione nel contesto della glottodidattica, e poi presenta le specificità del campione e dello strumento di ricerca. Segue l’analisi dei dati, che porta a una serie di riflessioni e di analisi operative per l’educazione linguistica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Form@re is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dehiscence of upper gastrointestinal sutures still remains a severe clinical problem and often requires complex surgical repair. Despite its multifactorial aetiopathogenesis, endoluminal pressure seems to play an important role in the onset and maintenance of this complication. The efficacy of isoperistaltic endoluminal drainage (IED) in the operative treatment or prevention of upper gastrointestinal surgical dehiscence was assessed in a retrospective study. The IED procedure is obtained by means of a two-way nasogastric tube inserted in the proximal jejunum through the abdominal and advanced to the site of the leak in order to achieve low endovisceral pressure, normal intestinal free flow downstream of the lesion and monitoring of the healing process. Over the past decade 31 patients (mean age 62 years; 52.9% male) with postoperative dehiscences of the thoraco-abdominal oesophagus, stomach or duodenum underwent reintervention. During the surgical repair an IED was inserted in 17, while no IED was inserted in 14 (NOIED): the two groups were well matched for age, gender, primary pathology, site and type of leak. The overall operative mortality (30 days) was 16% (12.5% IED vs. 20% NOIED), and morbidity was 45% (37.5% IED vs. 53.3% NOIED). The rate of leak relapse was significantly different: 6% IED vs. 20% NOIED. In the last 5 years the IED procedure has also been used preventively with promising outcomes in another 16 other high-risk upper gastrointestinal suture patients. The results of this retrospective study appear to support the use of the IED procedure to minimize the risk of failure of the suture/anastomosis in upper gastrointestinal surgery. Other studies are needed to validate the efficacy of this supplementation of surgical treatment.

Certain aspects of the epidemiology, classification and therapy of adenocarcinoma of the anorectal junction (< 5 cm from the anal verge) are not well standardised to date. To evaluate the recent advances in the surgical management we reviewed our database, focusing on the oncological and functional results of intersphincteric resection. From 1989 to 2005 we treated 183 adenocarcinomas of the anorectal junction with a curative intent by 106 total proctetomies (84 of which by intersphinteric resection), 54 abdominoperineal resections, 22 transanal local excision and 1 Hartmann procedure. Intersphincteric resections were performed in 51 males and 33 females, mean age 62, with the following clinical stages: 28 stage 1, 55 stages II and III, 1 stage IV; radiotherapy was administered preoperatively to 27 patients and postoperatively to 18. Fifty-five intersphinteric resections were performed by open surgery and 29 by laparoscopy (since 2001). All the procedures were R0 except for 2 R1 (readily converted to abdominoperineal resections). Perioperative mortality (30 days) was 1.1% and the overall morbidity was 27.7% (including a 6% leakage rate). Assessment of anal sphincter function recovery one year after restoration of bowel continuity showed good continence in 76% of the patients; 2 patients have a permanent ostomy. After an average 60-month follow-up (min. 30 months) the local recurrence rate was 2.4% and the actuarial 5-year survival rate 81.7%. Our experience shows a drop in abdominoperineal resections in the last 5 years from 56.5% to 17.8%, while the intersphincteric resection rate has increased from 32.6% to 66%. The oncological results of intersphincteric resection compare favourably with those of abdominoperineal resection and functional recovery appears satisfactory.