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Late antique and early medieval documents often feature graphic symbols – graphic entities that may be composed of alphabetic or non-alphabetic signs – that communicate something different or something more than the written text. The NOTAE research project is concerned with the identification and classification of such graphic symbols, while also attempting to investigate the meaning they convey or take on in a definite context. This report illustrates the structure and operational functions of the open-access database, the main product of the project, in which graphic symbols, at the present more than six thousand, result catalogued, described and classified by type.

Introduction: To date, Emergency Department overcrowding represents one of the most important problems regarding the organisation of emergency healthcare. See and Treat was devised in England around the 1980s to provide an effective solution to the overcrowding issue. The Emergency Nurse Practitioner indicates a faster pathway in selected patients with certain characteristics. This model translates into a reduction in waiting times while maintaining the same quality of care. Aim: To evaluate the potential benefits for patients of the implementation of the See and Treat model within the Emergency Department. Materials and Methods: Using the GIPSE system, all Emergency Department entries from 2019 have been selected. Minor codes in the triage phase have been considered, as well as those potentially falling within the See and Treat protocol. Each included case has been associated to a See and Treat diagnosis. The waiting time and the time spent in the Emergency Department were derived from the data collected. Results: 9.41% of the sample is eligible for the See and Treat method, with an average waiting time of one hour and peaks of almost 4 hours for white codes. The application of the See and Treat model to the population covered by our study would reduce the waiting times at the Emergency Department by 6.99%, reduce the simultaneous presence of users on the Emergency Department by 8.88% and reduce the stay for other minor codes by 4.38%. Discussion: The percentage of patients treatable in the See and Treat system (11%) is in line with the Tuscany trial but statistically lower than the international context (from 63% to 90%). The results obtained from this study showed the significant impact that the See and Treat model could have on reducing overcrowding, positively affecting both users and staff.

L’iscrizione metrica, scoperta a Tirreo in Acarnania e trascritta da un abitante del luogo, è risultata immediatamente irreperibile. Il testo narra le gesta eroiche del soldato Timocrito, caduto in uno scontro con gli Etoli; nel distico elegiaco finale vi è un esplicito riferimento al poeta Tirteo. Sin da Klaffenbach, editore principe, l’epigramma è stato concordemente datato alla fine del III secolo a.C. sulla base dello stile e del contenuto: si è ipotizzato che l’evento bellico sia da collegare a uno degli assalti che gli Etoli compirono contro l’Acarnania durante la guerra sociale del 220‑217 a.C. Un riesame del testo e un confronto con le altre epigrafi metriche rinvenute in loco e con le fonti storiche permette di avanzare una proposta di datazione alternativa. Secondo quanto racconta Tito Livio, la polis di Tirreo fu assaltata nuovamente nel 192‑191 a.C. dalle truppe etolo-siriache di Antioco III. In assenza di un esame autoptico o di immagini del reperto, sembra dunque plausibile ascrivere l’iscrizione tanto alla fine del III secolo a.C., legata agli eventi della guerra sociale del 220‑217 a.C., quanto all’inizio del II secolo a.C., connessa all’attacco etolo-siriaco del 192‑191 a.C.

Questo contributo intende analizzare alcune dinamiche legate allo sviluppo dei Patti educativi di comunità introdotti con il Piano Scuola 2020-2021, come strumenti operativi attraverso cui scuole, enti locali, istituzioni pubbliche e private, Terzo settore e anche cittadini possano cooperare insieme. Attraverso una revisione della letteratura in materia e un’analisi sui recenti dispositivi normativi, a partire dal Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR), si restituisce un quadro prospettico favorevole alla diffusione di queste pratiche nel territorio. La governance dei Patti educativi va pertanto presidiata come ulteriore opportunità strategica per l’attuazione dei progetti previsti nel PNRR e un efficace utilizzo delle risorse.

L’epitafio, inciso su una base di calcare bianco rinvenuta da E. Kirsten a Palero nel 1939, ad oggi risulta il più antico epigramma di età ellenistica proveniente dall’Acarnania. Il testo, composto da due distici elegiaci, commemora il guerriero Dinia, figlio di Learco, morto nel pieno della giovinezza mentre combatteva contro gli Etoli. Le caratteristiche paleografiche delle lettere dell’iscrizione permettono di collocarla alla fine del IV secolo: questa datazione sembra confermata anche da elementi interni al testo e da alcune fonti storiche (in particolare Diodoro). L’epitafio costituisce un’importante testimonianza di epigrammatistica locale: infatti, pur essendo stato realizzato da un anonimo versificatore, appare notevole sia dal punto di vista poetico (data la presenza di formule e topoi ben attestati in letteratura, come ad esempio il pianto per la mors immatura del guerriero) sia dal punto di vista linguistico (si rintracciano infatti forme desunte dal dialetto ionico e dall’epica).

Forests are important for timber production and provide a wide range of ecosystem services (ES), including water provision and regulation, carbon sequestration, erosion control, and recreational services. However, these services, which are crucial for human well-being, are not sufficiently recognised and rarely included into forest planning. The project LIFE+ Making Good Natura aims to develop innovative governance models for agro-forestry sites of the Natura 2000 network based on ES to achieve new possible mechanisms of (self)financing. This paper provides insights into the biophysical and monetary valuation of nine ES, which were quantified for selected Natura 2000 sites in different regions of Italy. Based on our results, Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) are discussed in relation to forest planning and management suggesting a new concept for the forest planning. Management plans should hence integrate different financial flows, not only wood or timber, but also different ES which provide more interesting income.

This paper focuses on the topography of communication and investigates the semiotic value of one particular site, where highly significant political actions took place. The different strategies of communication at the time of the late Roman Republic are analysed by matching the memory of ancient sources to the investigation of the cultural value of the domus rostrata in Rome. The house is taken as a legitimising element in the ideology of Pompeius, and one which was also appropriated by the subsequent owners of the house.

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Projections to 2020 indicate that renewable energy sources (RES) could cover, from 20 to 30 percent of the world's energy needs. To implement an effective e-governance in this direction, it is necessary to implement new methodologies to support decisionmaking in the local energy planning. The environmental impact is one of the main concern existing at different levels, in addition to the growing soil consumption in Europe. A significant problem for some types of plants, mainly solar and wind power, is the interaction of the devices with the surrounding environment, with possible negative effects in terms of visual impact and soil consumption. It is, therefore, very important to define which weight can have different impacts and to consider all possible scenarios.

10th meeting of GRASS & GFOSS users The 10th Italian Congress of GRASS GIS and Geospatial Free and Open Source Software (GFOSS) was held on the26 and 27 Feb in Cagliari. Highlights included updates on major GFOSS projects (GRASS, QGIS), the presentation of new projects (SpatiaLite) and the public release of a free 3D visualization application suitable for distribution over the internet (RATMAN). Many users and developers connected to forge new business relationships and share new ideas.