Search

Copyright of Revista de Historia del Derecho is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones de Historia del Derecho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este artículo realizamos un análisis de las voces relacionadas con los servicios, tributos y rentas recogidas en la documentación de los siglos XIII y XIV procedente del monasterio de San Andrés de Espinareda, en El Bierzo. La situación geográfica del monasterio, en la frontera lingüística que divide El Bierzo en dos mitades, explica el hibridismo lingüístico de los documentos, en los que abundan los fenómenos propios del occidente peninsular (compartidos entre el gallego y el leonés) y aquellos exclusivos del leonés. Un análisis detallado de los textos nos permite observar tanto coincidencias con el léxico extendido por amplias áreas de Castilla (como jantares, nuncio, mañería y séneras, junto con los genéricos foros o fueros, rentas, dereitos o derechos), como la presencia de otras voces de uso más restringido al occidente peninsular (como lombos, coutos britados o britamiento de coutos).

The floor mosaics in Ravenna and in the churches in the upper Adriatic area in the 6th century are decorated with the same geometric patterns. Many of these floors remain visible for centuries and probably they were the basis of the geometric patterns of medieval floor mosaics in northern Italy. Even if the early medieval mosaics are not numerous, it is possible to see a selection of the motifs known in the 6th century and a simplification in the realization: in the 7th-10th century the derivation from late antique mosaics is evident and faithful, but the geometric layouts are approximate, like the mosaics of Sant Maria di Gazzo Veronese; in the 10th-11th century, the geometric motifs are further simplified; finally, in the 12th century we witness in Venice a recovery of the motifs most adhering to the Ravenna models and are declined both in tessellated and in opus sectile (San Marco, San Zaccaria). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the several religious phenomena in light of which scholars have suggested viewing the origins of Manichaeism (usually Christianity and Zoroastrianism), Judaism has been too often excluded from the discussion. Nevertheless, there are reasons to think that Jewish traditions and ideas had an influence on the emergence of this religion in the 3rd century CE. In the light of some research recently conducted by a growing number of scholars, the modest aim of this paper is to carry out a reassessment and update aimed at clarifying the relationship between two phenomena (Judaism and Manichaeism) which played such a crucial role in the discourses on heresy in Late Antiquity and the Middle Age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Umberto Eco’s semiotics, unlike that of most of his colleagues, has always claimed to be a philosophical research. For Eco, general semiotics, that is, the research on the functioning of signs, was a fundamental part of philosophy, because the knowledge of objects and the formulation of the ideas that characterize them takes place by means of signs. This paper shows how Eco’s semiotic work derives from his philosophical training and how interest in the mass media and political commitment have not changed the nature of his philosophical project. His research itinerary is compared with that of other semiotics scholars to show the originality of his approach.

Giorgio Chittolini was born in Parma in 1940 but he attended University in Milan, where also taught for most of his life. A scholar of the agricultural reality and the mechanisms of formation and functioning of the State between the late Middle Ages and the early modern age, he made fundamental contributions to the nature and development of Italian regional states. His studies about the city and the thick political and patrimonial interwining that in those centuries strongly tied the secular and ecclesiastical power are also very significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Santo: Rivista Francescana di Storia Dottrina Arte is the property of Associazione Centro Studi Antoniani and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to describe how the government of the city of Guadalajara evolved during the late Middle Ages through the analysis of the poli-tical disputes between the lesser nobility and the commoners, as well as studying the role played by the Crown and the powerful Mendoza family in such conflicts. This period of constant confrontations ended with the defeat of the commoners and with the establishment of the regiment in Guadalajara, controlled by the estate of the lesser nobility, who in turn ended up being part of the Mendoza network of pa-tronage, which came to control the municipality as if it was one of their dominions.

The treatise focuses on a diachronic demonstration of the development of biographical texts in the Middle Ages, pointing to individuals’ role within these texts. This allows for a definition of content-related value of medieval biographies and their interpretative range. Medieval biographical texts built upon ancient materials only in part. In the early Middle Ages hagiographies and, to some extent, gestae gained prominence; however, they focused on the collective, not the individual. Collective values and goals were thus projected on to a literary character. The so-called twelfth-century Renaissance presents itself as a key moment in the shift of paradigm. Broader social changes also brought about a new perception of the individual. Having previously been reduced to types, individuals began to acquire particular traits. A shift in the perception of an individual gave new impetus to biographical texts in the late Middle Ages. The quantity of such texts increased considerably, the circle of their authors expanded and was no longer restricted to the clergy, and their target audience was differentiated as well. Gradually, vernacular languages took root and the forms of texts became more diverse. Nevertheless, the internal structure of a medieval individual remains concealed due to the quantity and structure of sources and, consequently, methodological issues. On the other hand, it is for these reasons that medieval biographies provide an insight into history’s dominant complexity.

Verses 36-74 of the Invocatio ad Mariam, in the Second Nun’s Prologue of Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, strongly reference other literary sources. This paper examines the most important textual parallels, particularly the Paradiso written by Dante. A further focus is also the reference to the Latin hymns, although the influence of the Commedia can overshadow their role.

Acts of student violence have been recorded since the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Era. The new international historiography devoted many pages to this theme especially to indiscipline in university life. At the same time disorders and relaxed practices in the young environment have been studied through the gender categories. This essay aims to link these two historiography traditions presenting some case studies from 17 th century unknown documents by Bologna and Pisa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper surveys the cookbooks and the descriptions of banquets and daily meals in chronicles, letters and account registers, in order to understand the relationship between rural food and the Italian haute cuisine of the XIV and the XV centuries. Rural products were despised by the common sense and by the dietetics’ thought, but they were part of the daily meals of the elites, and they were at the basis of some gourmet dishes described in cookbooks. In exclusive banquets, however, the presence of rural food was very limited, and its place within the structure of the meal was just liminal

Copyright of Etudes Romanes de Brno is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Il Capitale Culturale: Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage is the property of Il Capitale Culturale Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

By examining in particular the lessons on the history of modern philosophy held by Horkheimer in 1927 and the essays that he published during the 1930s, the article aims to illustrate the critical reflection of the German philosopher on Humanism, especially on the connections that he perceives between this cultural phenomenon, the Modern Age and the beginnings and developments of bourgeois society. It also brings out the relationship between the critical theory and the humanistic skepticism of early modernity, focusing on the passages in which Horkheimer describes the same critical theory as a "new" humanism, an active humanism that overcomes the limits and the one-sidedness of the Humanism developed between the end of the Middle Age and the beginning of the Modern Age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologia Medievale: Cultura Materiale, Insediamenti, Territorio is the property of All'Insegna del Giglio s.a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This contribution discusses the problem of the creativity in the written production of the Early Middle Age between the end of the VIII century and the IX century. The first part is dedicated to the analyse of how the intellectuals reflected about the creative processes in relationship to the functions developed by the soul. Then it is shown that - even if the culture of the Early Middle Age does not produce systematic reflections on the role of the author - the intellectuals express a profound self-consciousness in relationship to their work as individuals and in relation to the society. The second part considers the concept of novitas. It is shown how - even though this word has a strong negative value in the early medieval thinking - that does not prevent the authors from producing works of undeniable innovative character. The ability to act in this sense was strictly tied to the possibility to carry out innovations on condition that they remain inside a well-defined formal frame. The case specifically analysed deals with the rewriting of the Vita Remigii by the archbishop Hincmar at the end of the IX century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enthymema is the property of Enthymema, International Journal of Literary Criticism, Literary Theory & Philosophy of Literature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Reti Medievali is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effectiveness of legislation in the field of landscape and territory has always been present in the work of Emilio Sereni: inspired by this, I decided to reconsider this aspect in the medieval period. The set of laws and rules, traced back in the period around 11th and 12th centuries, consisting of the "Libellus definitionum" is broadly confirmed by the analysis of the area around the nuclei of contemporary abbeys. After developing their plans - proving the effectiveness of the rule - I could extract the territorial design principles. Land management, proven by the distances between the various centres belonging to the same sector planning, are analysed to obtain an isochronic map, evidencing the relationship between the core structure and the related buildings and grounds, still detectable.

Countess Matilda of Tuscany played many different roles over the course of her long public career. One of her more important roles was that of patroness and protector to a number of reform minded churchmen. In the turbulent years of the so called Investiture Contest, the countess provided much needed material aid and physical protection to the reform popes and to their episcopal allies in Italy. Though she was genuinely committed to the reform agenda, Matilda’s support for it and for its ecclesiastical exponents was not devoid of political calculation or of a healthy concern for the stability of her patrimony. An examination of her relationships with two very different reform bishops, Bonizo of Sutri and Daibert of Pisa, reveals this important aspect to her activities on behalf of ecclesiastical reform.

Abstract: This study examines historical, archival and material sources of Bruncu Pubusa/Santusangius, which was an important site during Nuragic and Roman Age. Earlier studies described the site as an abandoned village (Monpusi) during the late Middle Age. In fact, it is argued that the Medieval village Monpusi never existed. Riassunto: Lo studio delle fonti storico-archivistiche e delle evidenze materiali in località Bruncu Pubusa/Santusangius, importante sito tra l’Età nuragica e quella romana, pone in luce come quello che alcuni Autori ritengono essere un villaggio spopolato nel basso medioevo (Monpusi) non sia in realtà mai esistito in tale periodo e con il nome citato

The holy monks (Desert Fathers, confessors, hermits, founders of institutions or monastic status etc.) occupy the lower row of the immense vision of the Triumphant Church which covers the eastern parts – including side apses – of the Moldavian’s churches facades with exterior painting. At the Annunciation of the Virgin’s church of Moldoviţa Monastery were preserved (in Slavonic language) “sentences” written on the scrolls of following holy monks: Theodore the Sanctified, Theodotus, Gelasius, Georges of Mt. Maléon, Domentian, John the Fool-for-Christ, Hilarion, Joasaph, Bessarion, Abraham, Paul of Thebes, Nikon, John of the Lavra of St. Sabbas, Gerasimos, Theophanes, Anthony, the Angel seen by Pachomius the Great, Luke the stylite and David Thessaloniki the hermit. The purpose of our research is to find the literary sources of these “sentences”. As we'll see below, most of them are borrow from the Scripture or from the collections gathering the “quotes” of the Holy Fathers. The collection called Palestinian Paterikon (translated from Greek into Russian by Theophan the Recluse) includes about 80% of “sayings” of the Holy Fathers painted at Moldoviţa. The presence in the paintings of monasteries Humor and Moldoviţa a number of “sayings” – which exists only in Russian translation in the text of this Paterikon – proves that in the 16th century in Moldavia existed some Slavonic-Bulgarian translations from Greek “collections of sayings” of the Holy Fathers – today lost or forgotten – many of which have been similar or identical to collections inspected and copied by Theophan the Recluse during his mission (from 1847 to 1853) at the Lavra of St. Sabbas in the Holy Land.

This article represents our belief of what it is possible to introduce the Boethius thought from one of the most recurrent problems of the philosophy, the problem of the contingent futures, explaining, from that problematic, of course, which are the most basics relations between three of its works, its two commentaries to the De Interpretatione of Aristotle and its The Consolation of Philosophy, and, by a sufficiently summarized way, naturally, as the reach of the thought contained in these works arrives even at least in the Kant’s philosophy.

Copyright of Mediterranea - Ricerche Storiche is the property of Mediterranea-Ricerche Storiche and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Pula, like in the rest of Europe since the beginning of the Early Middle Ages, cemeteries were situated in major churches for almost an entire millennium, with many sanitaryhygienic consequences for the town, until the new cemetery moved outside the town walls. At the end of the eighteenth century, the question of urban hygiene, especially issues related to urban burial, came into the spotlight of scientific thinking. Churches were recognised as a true threat when it came to the spread of diseases, and the only solution to this intolerable situation was to move cemeteries away from the city and separate the world of the living from the world of the dead. With medieval burial practices ad sanctos abandoned, the enlightened thought set the ground for new solutions for healthcare, urban, and social issues. The relocation of the cemetery outside the city walls in 1846, relieved Pula of the great hygienic burden, rightly considered a threat for public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ri-vista: Ricerche per la progettazione del paesaggio is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the municipal history of the Piedmont region of Italy in the Medieval period. Topics discussed include the framing of history, the writing of history from a municipal perspective, and the relationship between the history of the Savoy family dynasty in the region and the municipal centers of power.

Marshall McLuhan was the main theorist in mass media field throught the XX Century. This essay explores the key concepts in Marshall McLuhan's tought such as «media as message», «global village» and media as «extension of man» and their mutual relationship with historical dimension of neo-tribalism opened by the new social dimension of mass media. Despite the classical analysis of his work this essay the mistical and christina roots in this concepts, the middle-age and reinassance legacy, of his thinking and the strategy of coding his his works. By this way, the maps of interprenting Marshall McLuhan should he re-writed and conceptualized again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The homed hind is an impossible animal, like the unicorn or the phoenix. In nature, only male deers have horns, which every year fall and grow. In literature and in visual arts, however, since Homeric age, and during all the classical period and the Middle Age, hinds with horns are quite common. Why? What does this motif really mean? When did it spread? And what was its history and diffusion? These are the questions put forward (and, 1 hope, al least partially solved) in the present paper. The horned hind was, probably, only the theriomorphic form of a great goddess, mother and owner of the land, attested in Siberian petroglyphic since the neolithic period. We can follow the cultural history of this goddess step by step, throughout Europe, from her classical hyposthasis (Artemis Ephesia, for instance), till the fairy-hind of the XII, XIII and XIV centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Term of reference is the thesis of M.Pera in Why we have to profess christians. Christianism contributes decisively to the building of western identity, that means modernity and liberalism. This thesis is elaborated starting from weberian assumptions on Entzauberung and rationalisa- tion as biblical Weltanschauung: a determinant root of western identity. Christian revolution upsets the worldview from the ⪡naturality⪢ of ancient cosmocentrism, particularly of Greeks and Romans, to the ⪡unnaturality⪢ of radical theoanthropocentrism, that is to subjectcentrism, conceived as embryo of modernity. This ⪡unnaturality⪢ of Christianism is present in two features:the axioogical priority of inner life and the ⪡inverse glorifications⪢ in the Sermon of the mountain. These features are realized in many areas and situations typical of western civilisation, particularly in the Middle Age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sacred building's foundation stone laying ceremony marked the sacred character of the chosen location and determined it to serve to a religious purpose, which was then confirmed by its consecration. The aim of this paper is to find out whether sacred buildings' foundation stone laying ceremonies in the Middle Ages were accompanied by a prescribed sequence of liturgical acts precisely defined by official liturgical texts in the early Middle Ages, or whether the establishment of such rules was a lengthy gradual process. The evidence of foundation stone laying ceremonies between 10th and 13th centuries shows the tendency to perform them ever more profoundly and solemnly. What was originally a single ritual act performed exclusively by a bishop who consecrated the location of a future building (foundation stone laying not being mentioned as yet) later became an elaborated "secular" ceremony connected with the early phase of the building process which was accompanied by several sequences of paraliturgic symbolic acts. There was a tendency to involve other persons in the ceremony, especially the donator or, in most important cases, the sovereign. The second part of the ceremony, the foundation stone laying rite, later became part of the even more elaborate ritual of the consecration of churches. In this context, the symbolic meaning of the ritual acts was emphasized. In the light of this material we may cautiously assume that foundation stone laying ceremonies developed slowly and gradually during the 10th-11th and were not yet too common in the 12th century, which changed significantly during 14th and 15th centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]