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O presente trabalho versa sobre a pesquisa acadêmica relativa à justiça constitucional tributária na ordem jurídica brasileira, objetivando demonstrar que a atividade de tributação incidente sobre o patrimônio dos contribuintes apenas se revela justa quando interpretada através da busca pela realização dos objetivos constitucionais, o que representaria uma finalidade essencial para o exercício de todo o poder outorgado pela Carta de Direitos. O método utilizado foi o hipotético dedutivo tendo como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica da doutrina especializada, bem como das legislações correspondentes sobre a matéria, especialmente pela análise dos textos constitucionais. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a justiça dos tributos passa pela efetiva entrega da contraprestação consubstanciada no financiamento dos direitos fundamentais básicos à existência digna subjetiva e coletivamente considerada, capacitando o indivíduo ao exercício pleno da cidadania, com a adoção de políticas tributárias regionalizadas voltadas a beneficiar fiscalmente o setor econômico e seus contribuintes que, para além da produção de bens e serviços, aliam-se à administração tributária na consecução dos objetivos republicanos, demonstrando assim a efetiva função social da iniciativa privada e dos poderes públicos.

Travel has always been an extremely important theme in Irish-language literature, but often this travel was motivated by financial hardship and, up until the late twentieth century, Irish-language accounts of travel largely documented the emigrant experience. In more recent years, however, Irish-language literature has witnessed a transition from emigration literature to travel literature, with Irish-language writers now recounting journeys undertaken for leisure purposes to destinations all over the world. The evolution of travel literature in the Irish language is, therefore, rather different to the evolution of the genre in major world languages, such as English or French, and the growth of Irish-language travel literature in recent years has highlighted that Irish-language travel writers have a unique background and perspective. Writing in a minoritized language, Irish-language travel writers themselves occupy a somewhat marginal position and, coming from a country that has first-hand experience of colonization, they often criticize Western hegemony and express solidarity with peoples who have lost elements of their language or culture as a result of their encounter with dominant world powers. On the other hand, they are also relatively wealthy travellers from an economically developed country in Western Europe. This unstable positioning can result in encounters that are fraught with ethical dilemmas for Irish-language writers when they travel. By looking at the travel writing of four Irish-language writers – Alex Hijmans, Manchán Magan, Gabriel Rosenstock and Cathal Ó Searcaigh – this article explores the encounters between Irish-language travel writers and foreign peoples and cultures. It investigates the attempts made by these writers to distance themselves from cultural, political and economic hegemony of Western powers but also highlights the often ambivalent positioning of Irish-language travel writers and demonstrates the barriers to encounter and the asymmetrical power structures that economic inequality can create.

Abortion is illegal in almost all circumstances in Ireland, permitted only where there is a risk to the life of the woman due to the eighth amendment to the Irish Constitution. While abortion is banned, women living in Ireland do access abortion; they do so legally by travelling abroad, and illegally within Ireland by accessing the abortion pill online. This access is highly mediated by race, class and migration status. This article will consider the politics of Ireland’s abortion ban through the prism of public debates around abortion, reflecting on the discursive devices employed to both challenge and uphold the status quo on abortion. This conclusion will focus on different dimensions of the “Repeal” movement; a movement that propelled Ireland to finally face up to the reality of abortion and change it laws through removing the eighth amendment from the constitution.

This paper addresses the increased use of data and data visualization in newsrooms, which has yielded a new form of storytelling: data stories. In journalism, data stories or storytelling with data are the new buzzwords. What journalists mean by data stories, however, remains blurred. We use the emergence of data stories as an opportunity to describe the changing understanding of journalistic storytelling. Based on interviews with editorial leaders, data journalists, developers, and designers in 26 major news organizations in Europe, we focus on practitioners’ perspective on data stories. In our empirical study, we identified seven key features of journalistic data stories: data, communicative function, the textual-visual relationship, structure and design of a story, interactivity, and the meta-story. These findings contribute to rethinking the narrative approach to journalism.

Diante da tensão entre a possibilidade ou não de se fazer a leitura dos institutos do direito privado numa perspectiva constitucional, mediante a irradiação dos princípios constitucionais, este estudo procura respostas possíveis dentro da teoria dos direitos fundamentais. Para isso, será feito um levantamento teórico dos principais conceitos de direito fundamental, norma, ordenamento e princípio, para assim ser possível identificar chaves de leituras capazes de harmonizar, dentro da teoria constitucional, o diálogo entre os ordenamentos. Desde já reconhecendo que, se, por um lado, é impossível negar a imperatividade das normas constitucionais, frustra, por outro, o interesse constitucional na aplicação irrestrita dos seus princípios. Assim, o artigo buscará um meio-termo capaz de responder a essas questões.

Similar to other kinds of chronic diseases, hypertension tends to develop many years before the onset of its clinical signs and symptoms. In this respect, children with higher blood pressure values are more likely to become hypertensive during adulthood. According to literature data, the averaged prevalence of paediatric hypertension is around 5% in Europe and 3.5% in the USA. A strong relationship with familial history, smoking, overweight/obesity, salt intake, and diabetes has been demonstrated as well. Conversely, similar evidences are substantially still lacking in Ireland, and only sporadic data are available. What is known is the fact that a large number of adults in the Island are affected by high blood pressure and their number is expected to raise notably, with significant adverse consequences for these subjects and their families, the health and social care system and the economy of all Ireland. Based on these premises, preventive measures are strongly needed to identify those Irish children and adolescents with high blood pressure, as an early modification of their unhealthy lifestyle may be still effective to normalize its values with no drugs administration.

El ecoturismo se ha reconocido como una opción viable para integrar la conservación y el desarrollo socioeconómico en las Áreas Naturales Protegidas. Sin embargo, es importante realizar investigaciones empíricas que comprueben la viabilidad economica y la sustentabilidad ecológica del concepto. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar al ecoturismo como una estrategia de conservación y desarrollo sustentable en las reservas de la biósfera. Para ello, se analiza la relación entre los beneficios y las actitudes de las comunidades locales hacia la conservación. Se aplicaron métodos mixtos, incluyen, una encuesta cuantitativa (n=138), entrevistas abiertas (n=22) y cuatro grupos focales. Se encontró que el ecoturismo puede generar importantes beneficios económicos para las comunidades locales e incentivar su participación en iniciativas de conservación. También, se encontró que los incentivos económicos directos del ecoturismo por sí solos no son suficientes para transformar las actitudes y prácticas de los residentes a favor de la conservación.

The issue of the Europeanisation of national public spheres is a question as to how a discursive media space can be created within the EU. There are forces of convergence at work, such as networking within the borderless digital space. At the same time, there are counterforces: increasing nationalism and populists who identify ‘Brussels’ as a target for their criticism of elites. The vision of a European public sphere appears to share the same fate as the European project as such; as a result of years of crisis, optimism has given way to disillusion. Using coverage of the 2019 EU elections in seven European countries (a total of 57,943 articles from Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, the Czech Republic, and the UK), we draw a picture of a heterogeneous EU public. What is particularly clear is that the phenomena of horizontal and vertical Europeanisation require more nuanced interpretations. While a high degree of horizontal Europeanisation indicates convergent and pro-European media coverage (as in the cases of Germany and Portugal), a high degree of vertical Europeanisation may indicate polarised publics or an unfree media landscape (as in the UK and Hungary). From a methodological point of view, the study shows that a combination of computational content analysis and international cooperation between scientists can advance research into the European public.

Este ensayo sitúa a Lon Fuller entre los pioneros del estilo de razonamiento jurídico de posguerra, preocupado con el equilibrio de diversos propósitos y compromisos éticos en conflicto que se consideran inmanentes en los materiales jurídicos. Enmarca, asimismo, a Lon Fuller como una figura importante en dos líneas narrativas de la historia del pensamiento jurídico estadounidense. En la primera de ellas, Fuller contribuyó con interesantes e importantes aportaciones a la ecléctica caja de herramientas del razonamiento jurídico contemporáneo. La segunda narrativa posee más conflicto y drama. Fuller fue parte de una generación de académicos que desplazó los métodos analíticos de sus predecesores con un nuevo pensamiento. Una generación que sería, posteriormente, atacada y despreciada, a pesar de que muchas de las contribuciones argumentativas que él y sus compañeros introdujeron calaron en el trasfondo de la conciencia jurídica cotidiana. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The essay places Lon Fuller among the originators of the post-war style of legal reasoning preoccupied with the balancing of diverse and conflicting purposes and ethical commitments thought to be immanent in legal materials. It does also situates Fuller as an important figure in two narrative lines of the history of American legal thought. In the first, Fuller contributed interesting and important elements to the eclectic toolkit of contemporary legal reasoning. thought to be immanent in legal materials. The second story has more conflict and drama. Fuller was part of a generation of scholars displacing the analytic methods of their predecessors with new thinking a generation which would be in turn attacked and dismissed, even as many of the argumentative moves he and his colleagues pioneered sank into the background of routine legal consciousness.

In this paper we discuss the construct of ‘dual affect’ and its relevance to drama pedagogy in a foreign language teaching context. We draw on a research project involving a group of advanced learners of Italian using drama-based strategies. We begin with a theoretical discussion of dual affect, aesthetic distance, and protection mechanisms in the drama/language classroom. Next, we contextualise the research study and analyse student-participants’ responses in selected moments of the drama. The analysis suggests that, while some student-participants experienced the dual affect of drama as a threat, others found it a stimulus for reflection and a challenge. We argue that this may have had an impact on their perceived learning outcomes and on their willingness to communicate in the target language. We take this opportunity to reflect on the importance of managing dual affect in the process drama classroom, especially when working with advanced language students who have no prior experience in drama-based pedagogy.

In a case-history, Ben, a university-graduate blind adult, is shown to draw a cube as if it were folded out, but with slim rectangles for the sides around a central square. This form is drawn by sighted 8-year-olds. It might involve foreshortening and parallel projection, despite the presence of more sides than would be present in parallel projection in a single direction. Also, Ben drew a glass’s brim as both a straight line and as an ellipse, a form common in drawings by sighted 8-year-olds that may include the circular brim foreshortened to an ellipse in a ¾ view. In several drawings made later in the testing session Ben only showed aspects of the depicted object facing one direction. In elevation and plan drawings, he showed aspects facing to the side of the object or above the object. Also, Ben’s use of foreshortening advanced in sophistication in the testing session. We hypothesize that the blind and the sighted are on the same drawing developmental trajectory.

The evidence and arguments for a system of musical symbols in Plato’sdialogues presented in Kennedy’s 2011 The Musical Structure of Plato’s Dialoguesis here extended by showing that the Cleitophon has the same structure. Althoughthis short dialogue is often thought a mere fragment and incomplete, it is shown herethat it contains the complete musical structure and so is complete. This settles a longstanding, scholarly debate.

Taking Secret Cinema as its site for analysis, this article engages with the question what is ludic at the cinema. Secret Cinema delivers live, immersive, participatory cinema-going experiences and is a complex interaction between film, game, theatre and social media. Through the expansion and reimagining of a film’s milieu in both virtual and real spaces, Secret Cinema experiences encourage spectatorial performativity and ludic participation. Through the use of multiple methods, this article presents the formation of a dramatic and playful community in which the impact of game cultures and a ludic aesthetic upon cinematic audience spectatorship is illuminated. Cross-disciplinary in its approach, this article connects the registers of both game and film studies in order to account for this emerging playful engagement with cinematic texts. Through its use of empirical methods, we move towards a fuller understanding of audience experience and affective engagement.