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Less studied and documented than in the cities, the presence of foreigners in the French countryside remains more discreet and often unknown today. However, new international migrations are crossing rural areas, thus adding to previous movements. In rural southwestern France, our statistical analysis, based on census data obtained from INSEE and available since 1968, reveal their spatial distribution and the process of social diversification at work. This process has led us to question contemporary rural dynamics through the prism of international migration. Whether the migrants encountered in the framework of the CAMIGRI program surveys act directly in the development of new economic and social initiatives, or contribute to their genesis and development, their presence and their point of settlement significantly interfere with the trajectory and the evolutions of certain characteristic of rural places. In the Vienne, the Dordogne and the Ariège, a cross-analysis of three recent initiatives provides food for thought on the emergence of innovative forms of rural entrepreneurship. These types of entrepreneurship have in common that they are situated in the field of arrival of foreigners in rural areas: either through a specific activity (agriculture), or through the creation of services that allow for integration, accompaniment, emergency or permanent welcome. Thus, the anchoring of foreigners, which is part of the current rural dynamics, can be seen as a real perspective of endogenous development and innovation that enhances rural resources by relying on local territorial configurations.Keywords: international migration, territorial anchorage, entrepreneurship, resource, rural

Less studied and documented than in the cities, the presence of foreigners in the French countryside remains more discreet and often unknown today. However, new international migrations are crossing rural areas, thus adding to previous movements. In rural southwestern France, our statistical analysis, based on census data obtained from INSEE and available since 1968, reveal their spatial distribution and the process of social diversification at work. This process has led us to question contemporary rural dynamics through the prism of international migration. Whether the migrants encountered in the framework of the CAMIGRI program surveys act directly in the development of new economic and social initiatives, or contribute to their genesis and development, their presence and their point of settlement significantly interfere with the trajectory and the evolutions of certain characteristic of rural places. In the Vienne, the Dordogne and the Ariège, a cross-analysis of three recent initiatives provides food for thought on the emergence of innovative forms of rural entrepreneurship. These types of entrepreneurship have in common that they are situated in the field of arrival of foreigners in rural areas: either through a specific activity (agriculture), or through the creation of services that allow for integration, accompaniment, emergency or permanent welcome. Thus, the anchoring of foreigners, which is part of the current rural dynamics, can be seen as a real perspective of endogenous development and innovation that enhances rural resources by relying on local territorial configurations.

Résumé: Chez Baudelaire il y a une expérience moderne comme une pleine et égale possession de principe, comme une revanche mentale sur la diversité souvent scandaleuse des évènements et des conditions de la vie. Et si le moderne met en jeu nos proximités sensorielles et cérébrales, varie nos cartes corporelles, il n’en finira jamais . Ici s’éclaire cette physiologie insolite de la vie moderne – ce trope de Baudelaire serait la réponse , la plus exacte jusque dans son assonance, donnée au corbeau de Poe , à ses mots volés on ne sait où et psalmodiés par un perroquet noir - never more. Mot-Clès: Littérature. Language. Esthétique

Chez Baudelaire il y a une expérience moderne comme une pleine et égale possession de principe, comme une revanche mentale sur la diversité souvent scandaleuse des évènements et des conditions de la vie. Et si le moderne met en jeu nos proximités sensorielles et cérébrales, varie nos cartes corporelles, il n’en finira jamais . Ici s’éclaire cette physiologie insolite de la vie moderne – ce trope de Baudelaire serait la réponse , la plus exacte jusque dans son assonance, donnée au corbeau de Poe , à ses mots volés on ne sait où et psalmodiés par un perroquet noir - never more.

The lack of data and the persistent segmentation of spatial mobility approach handicap the understanding of the logics of urban settlement in Senegal. Focusing on the various forms of spatial mobility (international migrations, internal migrations, intra-urban mobilities) in the approach of urban change, we propose a new reading of the recent settlement in Dakar. Since the 1980s, Dakar’s urban area has been significantly concerned with both demographic and housing transformations. The landscape of the city is marked by the consolidation of the built-up areas, the verticalization of the housing environment and urban sprawl. These transformations take place in a new context of urban populating in which the role of demographic factors requires a careful revision. The internal migrations which have been a key to the growth of the city and its spatial extension seem to be less determining than the natural growth of the urban population. Our aim in this paper is to stress on the demographic redistribution which takes place at the intra-urban scale and to question the functions of residential spaces in the dynamics of urban settlement.