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Copyright of Studi e Materiali di Storia delle Religioni is the property of Editrice Morcelliana S.p.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rivista di Storia del Cristianesimo is the property of Editrice Morcelliana S.p.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a conference paper delivered March 3, 2011 at the Istituto Italiano di Cultura in London, on the millennial anniversary of the Abbey of Westminster. The paper discusses the history of Montecassino, with reference to the history of monasticism and monasteries in the 3rd to 5th centuries in Europe. Topics discussed include the development of monasticism in the Holy Roman Empire, with reference to cultural, political, and economic factors.

The article discusses the social impact of Mendicant Observant friars' pastoral systems such as prayer and meditation in Italian cities during the 15th century. Reference is made to the work of Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian monks during this period. Topics discussed include the teaching of prayer and meditation by friars at this time, the impact of pastoral guidance by friars in urban centers, and the relationship between this religious education and the external social spaces of the cities.

The article discusses the history of class politics and the upper classes in the region of Turin, Italy, and the history of fortified churches and monasteries of Cappuccin monks in the region, with a focus on the regional history of the Middle Ages and land conquest. Topics discussed include the history of the Bastita fortifications of Turin, the history of the Piedmont region of Italy, with a focus on the upper classes, and background on battles and power struggles in the area during the Middle Ages.