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Pyogenic orofacial infections are generally the result of a mixed aerobic and anaerobic infection. The aerobic germ, particularly the Bacteroides, have a prevailing role, even though their etiopathogenetic role is not clear yet.

Preventive oral hygiene performed with particular care is the only possible means of preventing the occurrence and the recurrence of phlogistic phenomena of the stomatologic apparatus of pregnant women. However in the case of epulis surgical treatment of the lesion completes preventive care, followed by a plan of postpartum hygiene to eliminate local causes and to prevent recurrences together with therapy for the elimination of periodontal pockets and infrabony pockets, to a restitution ad integrum of the general conditions of the oral cavity.

Although the interaction between antibiotics prescribed by the dentist and the estroprogestinics has been Known for some time, to reduce the effects of oral contraception, the dentist tends to underestimate this possible possible complication. In this review the antibiotics taken into consideration and their mechanism of interaction with the oral contraceptives are discussed. The dentist's approach towards a patient in fertile age is suggested. In conclusion the use of oral estroprogestinics as a contraceptive method is affirmed to be not an obstacle to the administration of antibiotics, but a thorough anamnesis and a cautious prescription, together with informing the patient of the risks is necessary.

Applying the basics of preventive dentistry at the primary level will broaden the scope of prenatal care. Dentists should encourage all patients of childbearing age to seek oral health counseling and examination as soon as they learn they are pregnant. Specific printed information on oral hygiene, plaque control, nutrition and tooth development should be available for pregnant patients. Emergency problem should be alleviated immediately. Indicated medications should not be with held because of pregnancy but patients must be informed of benefits and risks. Consultation with the patient's physician is always appropriate.

During pregnancy, manifestations of different nature can occur on the oral mucosa ranging from extended edema to haemorrhagic stomatitis. Alterations are more evident when poor dental care and hygiene are present. An important role in this gingival attentions is attributed to an increase in the estrogenic concentration originating from placentae and progesteron. The problem must be dealt with suitable preventive care.

The paper examines the prevention of bacterial endocarditis in risk patients undergoing outpatient treatment. The hypothesis of possible bacteremia provoked by either diagnostic or therapeutic surgery should be carefully assessed. For this purpose antibiotic prophylaxis should be commenced, using different methods and doses according to the type of patient, in association with hygienic and behavioural norms which the specialist will recommend and monitor.

The role of Streptococcus mutans in the etiopathogenesis of dental caries to set up a protocol for the culture and the identification of the bacterium, in order to obtain the isolation in an heterogeneous age, sex and stomatognathic population is described. A selected culture medium for mutans, Mitis Salivarius agar enriched with Bacitracin (MSB-agar), has been used as well as biochemical method based on carbohydrates fermentation by amplified bacterial flora for the identification of the bacterial genus.

The aim of this study was to define a correct preoperative approach to be used in patients affected by chronic renal insufficiency in order to neutralise possible risks associated with the pathology in question.