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Objectius: analitzar la qualitat dels llocs web turístics oficials de les comunitats autònomes espanyoles. -- Metodologia: metodologia pròpia, elaborada pel projecte d'investigació CODETUR, basada en una plantilla d'anàlisi que preveu dotze paràmetres i un total de 127 indicadors. La combinació d'indicadors i paràmetres permet calcular un índex de qualitat web (IQW) per a cada lloc avaluat, un índex específic per a cada paràmetre i també identificar aspectes sobresortints i àrees de millora en cadascun dels portals turístics. -- Resultats: la qualitat general dels portals turístics oficials de les comunitats autònomes espanyoles se situa just per sobre d'un nivell mitjà, amb un IQW global de 0,51. La puntuació més elevada l'obté el lloc web de turisme de Galícia, amb un 0,66, i la puntuació més baixa, el d'Extremadura, amb un IQW de 0,33. Els paràmetres que presenten la mitjana més elevada són els referents a Usabilitat i accessibilitat (0,75), Posicionament (0,73) i Arquitectura de la informació (0,69), aspectes consideratsObjectives: This paper assesses the quality of official tourist destination websites offered by Spain’s regional tourism boards. -- Methodology: The system of assessment was designed by the research group Comunicación online de los destinos turísticos (Online Communication for Destination Brands, CODETUR) in the form of a template combining 12 parameters and 127 indicators to calculate a web quality index for each website and identify its strengths and weaknesses. -- Results: The quality of tourist destination websites offered by Spain’s regional tourism boards was observed to be slightly above average, with an overall web quality index of 0.51 in which Galicia scored the highest (0.66) and Extremadura scored the lowest (0.33). Taken together, the Spanish websites scored highest in those areas the researchers had defined as technical, (0.75 for the parameter Usability and accessibility, 0.73 for Positioning and 0.69 for Web architecture) and scored lowest in those areas defined as relational (0.27 for Mobile communications and 0.28 for Interactivity) or as persuasive (0.29 for Commercialization).

Objectivo: analizar la calidad de los sitios web turísticos oficiales de las comunidades autónomas españolas. -- Metodología: metodología propia, elaborada por el proyecto de investigación CODETUR, basada en una plantilla de análisis que contempla doce parámetros y un total de 127 indicadores. La combinación de indicadores y parámetros permite calcular un índice de calidad web (ICW) para cada sitio evaluado, un índice específico para cada parámetro e identificar aspectos sobresalientes y áreas de mejora en cada uno de los portales turísticos. -- Resultados: la calidad general de los portales turísticos oficiales de las comunidades autónomas españolas se sitúa justo por encima de un nivel medio, con un ICW global de 0,51. La puntuación más elevada la obtiene el sitio web de turismo de Galicia, con un 0,66, y la puntuación más baja, el de Extremadura, con un ICW de 0,33. Los parámetros que obtienen la puntuación media más elevada son los referidos a usabilidad y accesibilidad (0,75), posicionamiento (0,73) y arquitectura de la información (0,69), aspectos consideradosObjectives: This paper assesses the quality of official tourist destination websites offered by Spain’s regional tourism boards. -- Methodology: The system of assessment was designed by the research group Comunicación online de los destinos turísticos (Online Communication for Destination Brands, CODETUR) in the form of a template combining 12 parameters and 127 indicators to calculate a web quality index for each website and identify its strengths and weaknesses. -- Results: The quality of tourist destination websites offered by Spain’s regional tourism boards was observed to be slightly above average, with an overall web quality index of 0.51 in which Galicia scored the highest (0.66) and Extremadura scored the lowest (0.33). Taken together, the Spanish websites scored highest in those areas the researchers had defined as technical, (0.75 for the parameter Usability and accessibility, 0.73 for Positioning and 0.69 for Web architecture) and scored lowest in those areas defined as relational (0.27 for Mobile communications and 0.28 for Interactivity) or as persuasive (0.29 for Commercialization).

En este artículo se defiende la necesidad de trabajar los registros lingüísticos, y especialmente el coloquial, en la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera y como segunda lengua. En particular, se destacan las ventajas que ofrece el aprendizaje de lenguas a partir de transliteraciones o transcripciones de conversaciones orales reales. Las conversaciones reales presentan un abanico muy amplio de aspectos de la lengua hablada que no suelen recogerse en los materiales del E/LE y E/L2 creados ad hoc. El estudiante de la lengua extranjera, después de mucho tiempo dedicado al aprendizaje del español, puede verse fracasado en encuentros auténticos con hablantes nativos del español. Sabemos que conocer una lengua es poseer su competencia comunicativa. Cada vez más los manuales de enseñanza de idiomas se detienen en cuestiones de léxico coloquial, en la fraseología o en aquellas construcciones sintácticas más alejadas de los patrones canónicos que tradicionalmente consideramos sistemáticos. Sin embargo, siendo esto muy necesario y provechoso, no es suficiente. El dominio de la lengua implica una integración de las distintas subcompetencias comunicativas y no solo trabajarlas por separado. De ahí que se haga necesaria la enseñanza del idioma a partir de discursos reales, enfrentando a los estudiantes en el aula con la misma realidad lingüística que se encontrarán fuera de ella.

The present situation of the information related to the new therapeutical and diagnostic possibilities in all fields of medicine is at risk, because it is undermined by a series of promoting elements which influence its ethicality. Some of the causes to be mentioned refer to the changes occurred in the society and in the economy of western countries, as well as the evolution of the scientific thought, both in terms of research and of applied philosophy. The advent of the welfare state, of consumerism, the enormous successes in all fields of medicine, the diffusion of communication together with the inevitable, uncontrollable personalization, are certainly concomitant causes. The conclusions we can draw cannot be optimistic. Those who practice medicine, therefore, should pay particular attention to the scientific aspects. Applied science, the ethics of the message but above all the relationship doctor-patient, which should be lived as a vocation, represent a useful filter to curb the risk of a decadent and consumeristic practice, where the patient becomes an object rather than an individual.

Practical feasibility and clinical tolerability of low dose heparin given subcutaneously for the prevention of reinfarction were evaluated in this open, multicentric trial of post-marketing surveillance. 309 investigators participated. 2830 evaluable patients (2090 M, 709 F, mean age 63 years) who had in the previous 2 years a myocardial infarction were treated subcutaneously with calcium heparin (Calciparina Italfarmaco, 0.5 ml prefilled syringe) at the daily dosage of 12.500 U. The foreseen treatment length was of 1 year; after 6 months of daily injections, calcium heparin could be taken for cycles of 30 days, with 10 day intervals. The enrolled patients resulted to be representative of the population affected with ischemic cardiopathy. One year treatment with calcium heparin was completed by 2040 patients (72.1%); about 1/4 of the patients did not complete the protocol. Patient's subjective decision to withdraw accounted for 46.3% of withdrawals; poor tolerability accounted for 15% of withdrawals (3.8% of total patients). Overall, 237 patients (8.4%) suffered from adverse reactions (353 complaints). Local reactions at the injection site accounted for 60% of total adverse reactions, involving 7.5% of total cases. To follow, allergic reactions (2.5%) and other different types of adverse reaction (incidence less than 0.5%). By analyzing the reactions that provoked drug withdrawal, no organ or function (e.g.: haemostasis) were found to be at risk during the heparin treatment. 64 patients died during the trial. These deaths were in prevalence due to cardiovascular diseases: ventricular fibrillation, cardiac failure, arterial thromboembolism (cardiac reinfarction, stroke).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The authors selected, from a general sample of 3525 cardiopathic patients treated with 2 g daily of L-carnitine during 1 year, 220 stable effort angina TNT-responder patients, presenting more than 15 anginal episodes per month; moreover, other 59 anginal patients in congestive heart failure have been taken into account. The evaluation of the results obtained in these samples has been done in parallel with the ones of cardiopathic patients studied in 2 multicentric trials carried out, according to a very similar protocol, in Switzerland (148 patients treated at the same posology for 6 months) and Germany (143 patients, 3 months of treatment). The analysis of the three trials showed net reduction of both rate of anginal episodes and therapeutic use of nitrates, substantiated by improvement of physical performance (demonstrated by ergometric test in the German trial) as well as of the quality of life (the Swiss trial). Furthermore, from the general sample of 3525 patients the authors selected 737 subjects with clearly pathological levels of plasma cholesterol, in order to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine treatment on lipidemic parameters; after 12 months of administration only 282 patients showed abnormal levels of cholesterolemia. Analysis of the results of the three trials and a review of the literature on carnitine identify the compound as a fundamental drug for the treatment of patients with myocardial ischemia.