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The yearbook of meteorological observations collected at the Geophysical Observatory of Modena, located in the eastern tower of the Dukes’ Palace, is presented. The tradition of publishing this yearbook started in 1896 under the direction of Prof. Ciro Chistoni. Initially, it was distributed as a “Geophysical Observatory pamphlet” and sent through a publication exchange circuit to observatories worldwide. Since 1999, the yearbook has been published within the volumes of this scientific review. The article provides an annual summary of the average, total, and extreme values of the main meteorological parameters, relative graphs and tables with daily data. The tables for “more and less in 2022” are also included, showing the average and extreme values of all parameters recorded at the Observatory and the “Campus DIEF” station located within the area of the “Enzo Ferrari” Engineering Department. 2022 was the warmest year in the entire historical series (with temperature data homogenized from 1860 onwards), with an annual average temperature of 16.8 °C. This represents a positive anomaly of +1.9 °C compared to the thirty-year climate reference period. Precipitation was below average, with a total of 526.6 mm in 2022, corresponding to a negative precipitation anomaly of 24% compared with the climate average. During 2022, observations were also carried out at other meteo stations within the local network of the Geophysical Observatory. Additionally, the station in Reggio Emilia, at the San Lazzaro University Campus, has returned to full capacity. It is important to note that there are also research meteorological stations on the terrace of the Modena Polyclinic and at the landfill site of Modena. The data from these stations are not presented in this article but are available upon request by contacting the Geophysical Observatory (e-mail: ossgeo@unimore.it). Finally, the main data from the measurements taken at the Italy-Costa Rica Biological and Climatological Station, located in the Karen Mogensen nature reserve in the Nicoya Peninsula, in the Pacific sector of the Central American country, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Atti della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena is the property of Societa dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atti della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena is the property of Societa dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atti della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena is the property of Societa dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atti della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena is the property of Societa dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)