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Copyright of Reti Medievali is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Reti Medievali is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Histriae is the property of Historical Society of Southern Primorska of Koper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Reti Medievali is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Educazione and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Villa Garzoni and its garden are an extraordinary example of 18th-century Tuscan taste and culture. They are located on the slope of a hill at the mouth of the Pescia di Collodi stream in the Pescia plain (northern Tuscany). The garden presents scenographic and surprise effects that are part of a single decorative ensemble of great stylistic coherence. The steeply sloping terrain influenced the planimetric organisation, which develops along a central axis of symmetry, with an arrangement of terraces. In this paper the results of a diagnostic campaign performed on the materials of the villa and garden are reported. Stones, mortars and plasters were identified and analysed according to a well-established chemical and minero petrographic approach. Local and imported stones, raw materials and technologies used for the preparation of mortars and plasters, materials used for decoration were identified. To plan the best restoration approach their state of conservation was assess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to relate the observations of some historians who have dealt with epidemic events in early modern Italy to some central features of Norbert Elias' approach, and to observe some social phenomena related to such events in the perspective of Eliasian sociology. In this way, we will try to suggest that the social implications of great epidemic events that occurred "in the past" can be included among the various fields of investigation in which the Eliasian approach can be tested, and we will attempt to highlight the usefulness of some key concepts of the figurational sociology for the interpretation of what can be observed in that field. With particular reference to seventeenth-century Tuscany, attention will be focused on some dynamics of change that involved - at the same time - both certain institutions engaged in the fight against the plague and certain dimensions of people's attitudes and "sensibilities". Following Norbert Elias, we will also try to suggest that the role played by the plague in defining the direction of those dynamics of change was part of a broader (civilizing) process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Reti Medievali is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of InTRAlinea: Online Translation Journal is the property of Department Interpreting & Translation (DIT) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes an in-depth study on an unprecedented reproduction of the Holy Sepulcher of Jerusalem dated to the end of the 17th century and located in central Tuscany, within the complex of the Orgia Castle, in the province of Siena. This model of the Holy Sepulcher was initially the subject of an accurate integrated digital survey which involved the use of advanced instrumentation and methodologies such as laser-scanner and SfM photogrammetry by UAV, which led to the development of 3D models and graphic elaborations describing the current architectural state. The results of the digital survey have laid the foundations for historical investigations relating to the comparison between the numerous reproductions and representations traceable throughout Europe, in relation to the original one in Jerusalem and its transformations over the centuries. The research also deals with the phases, the techniques adopted, and the results obtained from the restoration of the building of the Orgia aedicule, carefully describing each of the architectural elements that compose it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Il Capitale Culturale: Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage is the property of Il Capitale Culturale Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Form@re is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research in Ornithology / Rivista Italiana di Ornitologia is the property of PAGEPress and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper proposes, in a non-systematic ways, a discussion of some issues that may be the subject of a new phase of research on the subject of political culture in Italy. First, it addressed the issue of the persistence of territorial differentiation of the political culture in Italy: are still valid those interpretative categories that featured a long period of studies on this issue? The interplay between general and nifying trends and persistence of a territorial political culture is then analyzed, taking as an example the case of the electoral success of the Five Star Movement. Finally, it discusses the transformation of the political culture in Tuscany, one of the "red regions" where the ideal-typical model of "territorial political subculture" has emerged historically in a form almost "pure". Is this model still valid? and what are the changes that have occurred? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important to identify the monetary value of the different functions of a forest in order to estimate the environmental diseases or in order to plan and take decisions. The aim of this paper is to test a new methodology that focuses on the spatialization of the monetary values of benefits (services) that are offered by a forest. This methodology is based on the "Benefit transfer" approach and empirical indexes used in non-monetary evaluations. The result demonstrates the analysis of tourist-recreational function of the forest in the Tuscany Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extra-zonal beech forests in Tuscany: structure, diversity and synecologic features. The present paper focuses on the structural, synecological and floristic diversity features of beech-dominated forest communities in four major areas of the Antiapenninic Tyrrhenian system in Tuscany: Metalliferous hills, mountains to the south of Mt. Amiata, volcanic area of the upper Lente valley and Mt. Cetona. These are relict woodlands of Holo-Pleistocene origin with a special ecological and conservation value due to their extrazonal location in lowland submediterranean areas. Results show substantial among-area differences in structure, synecology and plant species composition, but in general a potential for coppices to reach the tall forest stage, as demonstrated by the old-growth stands of Pietraporciana and Sassoforte. Compared with montane Apenninic beechwoods, the relatively rich flora of the studied communities include thermophilous species with a southern Apennine-Balkan distribution, making their syntaxonomical position unclear. Closer affinities are found with the calcicolous Beech Forests of the Lathyro veneti-Fagetum association and with the silicicolous ones of the Fraxino orni-Fagetum. Based on the Natura 2000 system, all the examined communities belong to the priority Habitat "Apennine beech forests with Taxus and Ilex" (code: 9210*). Due their relict nature, these biotopes appear vulnerable to climate changes and to a production-oriented forest management. Criteria of naturalistic silviculture should instead promote the dynamic development of these communities towards tall forests and their natural regeneration. INSET: Schema sintassonomico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Reti Medievali is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

How did women relate to space and time when working at home during the COVID-19 pandemic? We contextualized women's relationships with their home spaces as they became nomads in their own homes during the lockdown. In face-to-face focus-group interviews conducted with 50 women who had experience with smart work or telework in Tuscany, Italy, we observed a range of strategies among women who dealt with forced closures during COVID-19. Justification and acceptance of inequality became a part of the daily life of the women, who fought against unequal distribution of time and space via negotiation, evidence, adaptation, or requests to return to workplaces. During COVID-19, Italian working women were in search of space and time in their own homes, trying relentlessly to respond to the demands of their families and fulfil work-related requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current National Forest Inventory highlight the further increase over the last two decades of coppice area under the position of mature standing crop or in the post-cultivation phase, both being developed throughout the original cultivation area. This pattern, mainly due to the unprofitable fuel wood harvesting, also involved holm oak and beech forests, some of the most diffused forest covers in Sardinia, along the Apennines and pre- -Alps. The alternative management option to ageing (the pro-active way of coppice conversion into high forest) has been also practiced in the public domain, but on much smaller areas as compared with those undergoing post-cultivation phase. Aged coppices located into medium-good site classes showed a positive growth pattern resulting in a high, age-related, wood matter storage. At the meantime, regular mortality occur - ring since former rotation into the fully-stocked shoot populations, stocked up high deadwood amounts, this becoming an outstanding attribute of these types. Carbon storage is becoming one of the major tasks attributable to these systems within the post-cultivation phase. Purposes are here to: (i) estimate living woody and standing + lying deadwood mass densities; (ii) determine deadwood/living mass ratio; (iii) verify lying deadwood decay class; (iv) analyse diversity between two sites aged likewise but different as for geographi - cal location and tree species. A holm oak coppice aged 55 in Sardinia and a beech coppice aged 57 in Tusca - ny were selected at the purpose. Both stands have been developing the post-cultivation phase since two-three times the traditional rotation and represent the maximum ages in this position. Living and standing dead woody dry mass density were determined in each site by specific allometric functions. Lying deadwood amount was assessed by a sampling design covering systematically the full test area. Three decay classes were determined according to Hunter (modified). The tree species, both shade-tolerant, showed a similar pattern as for time of wood formation and its transfer to deadwood, as well. The main difference consists only in their evergreen and deciduous habit. Auto-ecology seems to be the main driver of stand development as for carrying capacity, mortality rate and survival time into the overstocked stand structures. Leaf standing mass and leaf /thin branches ratio are two and three times higher in holm oak, consistently with its biology. Living woody mass density is made basically by stem and thick branches (88%) and varies from 322 Mg ha-1 (beech) to 225 Mg ha-1 (holm oak). Deadwood amount ranges from 28 to 25 Mg ha-1 i.e., from 9 to 11% of living woody mass. Standing deadwood is 70 to 73% of total amount. As for lying material, the intermediate decay class is prevailing: 74%, (beech) and 66% (holm oak). Both dynamics and age-related data suggest the active role these types may play in soil conservation, improvement of forest quality and carbon storage. The need of a consistent monitoring of the further post-cultivation progress is finally stressed to recognize driving forces acting, the onset of possible limiting factors and feedbacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]