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The paper aims at analysing the existence, from Classical era to Late Antiquity, of the same and rather stereotypical conception regarding Chaldean (or Babylonian) culture - especially in the so-called Neoplatonic philosophers - despite the figure of Berossus, a native of Babylon and the author of a history of the region in Greek, who could have offered a reconstruction faithful to Babylonian tradition. Through an analysis of the fragments based also on the hermeneutical approach of Interpretivism, the paper will try to show how Berossus spontaneously adhered to the conception (if not the stereotypes) with which the Greeks used to portray the Chaldeans, and thus how he legitimized them in some ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]