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This paper intends to reconstruct the climate of Turin where he lived and worked Giuseppe Levi, the particular figures which animated the subalpine universities in the fascist period, the fruitful interaction between Jewish and anti-fascist world. Particular attention will be devoted to the different reactions of the Jewish community during the confidence to fascism in 1931 oath. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Archive of the Ospedale Maggiore (Major Hospital) of Milan (Italy), active continuously for nearly 600 years, can provide outstanding documentation illustrating the link between animals and hospital. Even animals in the city can be in contact with the humans' hospital. We refer to the creation into the Milanese Hospital, in the last years of the nineteenth century, of the Istituto Antirabico (Antirabies Institute) for administering the Pasteur's antirabies therapy. This paper analyzes specifically this hospital institution, whose archive was recently reorganized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until the so-called sanitary reform (1978), which introduced a Beveridge system, in Italy existed a peculiar kind of general practitioner, paid by municipalities, who ensured healthcare to those not covered by social insurance. In small towns those physicians also carried out the function of Health Officers, performing Public Health duties. We had the possibility to study the very large archive of one of them, doctor Sgandurra from Farindola, a village in the Abruzzi Region (central Italy): in the paper we briefly analyse six public health acts that he issued in the first half of the 1950s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Law 194 was introduced in Italy in 1978, following a campaign by women's groups, but also following the rise in illegal abortions and related deaths; after quite 40 years, we are now assisting to the dangerous return to illegality, related with the obstacles to the application of the law. The main causes of this phenomena are: the conscientious objection, the noncompliance of the law and the providers' "burn-out''. The law permits to medical and non medical personnel to refuse to carry out abortions on conscientious grounds, but this right is greatly abused, with harmful consequences on women's health. Another huge obstacle is represented by the non-compliance of the law: the hospital's "objection", the scarce accessibility to medical abortion, the lack of scientific, practical and ethic formation of the providers. The provider's "burn-out" is the last obstacle, a hidden but not secondary factor. A new, really non religious thought, becomes thus a necessity for our life and for women's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demography evaluates the traits of human populations mainly by measuring their sizes and fluctuations. Due to their features, the archeological population structures refer to the distribution of people based both on sex and age at death. These parameters have a direct impact on the risk of death because they vary significantly with age and sex and this is reflected in a proportional sharing of deaths in several groups at risk. This chapter deals with the demographic structure of several imperial communities scattered through the roman Suburbium. A whole sample of almost 3500 skeletons pertaining to 12 necropolis has been analyzed in order to determine the gender and the age at death. Each necropolis is contextualized according to information about people lifestyle and health, trying to deepen our knowledge on the death risk exposure for every population. Our results suggest to consider the imperial Suburbium population as a very complex landscape, where several communities were featured by their different way toface the socio-economic and biologic environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]