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Angelo Sammarco (Acerra, 14 October 1883 — Torre del Greco, 12 September 1948) is mainly known for his studies on the role of Italians in the formation and development of the modern Egyptian state. After moving to Cairo in 1922, he was a teacher of history at the local Italian high school and a trusted official of King Fuʾād. He combined historical research and institutional commitment, personally contributing to the great project of reconnaissance and copying of the documentation on Egypt preserved in foreign state archives, papers that later became part of the royal collections of the ʿ⁠Ābdīn Library. His publications were also fairly widely circulated in Italy: his criticism of British hegemony in the Nile region was in fact well suited to the colonial aspirations of Fascism, as well as the nationalist cause of the Egyptian monarchy. In this contribution, born at the same time as the work of ordering Sammarco's papers kept at the Istituto per l'Oriente Carlo Alfonso Nallino, an attempt has been made to give an initial systematization to a biographical story still full of gaps — especially as regards the years prior to his move to Egypt — through the study of his historiographical production and of almost unpublished archive documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Creditor fructus percepit, On pledge with a pactum antichreticum. – May the pledgee take the benefits of the res ? Pledge did not allow it, there would have been theft (furtum usus). In fact, the thing given as pledge was excluded from any economic use. However, Roman law attests an agreement called ἀντίχρησις , which allowed the creditor to have the fruits of the res , under some conditions. Among the jurists only Marcianus uses this Greek term (in D.13,7,33 and D.20,1,11,1). In this paper, I wish to demonstrate that the antichresis has become part of Roman legal thought. The legal sources attest a late appearance of the antichresis (very late 2nd and early 3rd century AD), but some Severian constitutions suggest that it may already have been known in practice. The Greek word indicated its foreign origin, but Roman jurists called it simply pignus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Egypt saw new concepts of community emerge to replace the extant, traditional forms of identity based on local loyalties. This paper will explore the role played by language and journalism in this re-imagining of identity, and its use by the elite in shaping perceptions of the Egyptian people, nation and language. A fundamental element of this process was the development in the use of the term ummah in the discourse of many thinkers of the Nahḍah, from its meaning signifying the global community of Muslim believers, into a symbol of the modern nation-state, a re-interpretation which I discuss drawing, notably, on the unpublished writings of the journalist Aḥmad Luṭfī al-Sayyid. This perspective enables an exploration both of the competition between traditionalist values and the secular, multicultural model of early Egyptian nationalism, and of the multifarious colonial influences on the pro-Europe anelite in this struggle for a vision of Egypt's future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coinage and legal culture. The role of a brocard by Azo in the construction of Medieval monetary law. This paper gives an account of the Medieval legal theories on coinage and money in the Glossators' era, and especially of the role played by a brocard of the jurist Azo (12th-13th century) in the elaboration of this theories. The matter is not unknown to the scholarship, but the scope of the legal contribution to a monetary thought has been underestimated so far. This article seeks to re-evaluate the Glossators' contribution on coinage starting from the textual reconstruction and the edition of Azo's brocard, then stressing its importance to the developing of a legal monetary thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the crucial role of legal science for the practical side of the law, while analyzing in detail the statutes' reform of Bergamo (1331). Indeed, the paper discusses the relationship between learned law and practical law during the period of Lus commune through the analysis of some relevant quaestiones disputatae regarding criminal transactions. The author seeks to analyze the relationship between the Lus puniendi of public authorities and private autonomy in the resolution of criminal cases focusing not only on the Roman sources (C. 2,4,18) but also on the quaestiones ex facto emergentes contained in the collections of Alberto Gandino, Alberico da Rosciate, Alberto Galeotti and Guglielmo Durante. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]