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The existence of land for human life is a complete and inseparable unity. Land is a basic need for humans in life in the world. The closeness of human relations with territory makes territory a very valuable asset for human life. To improve the quality of human life, development is an obligation. Therefore, fair policies and regulations are needed to realize development. In carrying out development, the government requires land for the location of project activities to be built. In its development, the government has issued various policies in the context of land acquisition for development purposes. Land acquisition for public interest aims to provide land for the implementation of development in order to improve the welfare and prosperity of the nation, state, and society while still guaranteeing the legal interests of the entitled parties. Land acquisition activities need to be carried out quickly, precisely, and openly while still paying attention and principles to show respect for land law to the community. Land acquisition is an activity to obtain land by providing compensation to the community and/or legal entities that hand over land, buildings, or objects related to the revocation of building rights. Thus, the land acquisition policy has met the criteria of procedural justice. Land acquisition is considered complete with the receipt of compensation by the affected parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land acquisition policy is an important aspect of development that directly affects the public interest. This research reviews the need for a review of land acquisition policies to create a fairer framework for public interest development. The purpose of this study is to identify the need for a review of land acquisition policies in the context of development to ensure fairness and public interest are well met. This research benefits to provide a better understanding of the complexities of conflict in land acquisition and the challenges of achieving a balance between public interest and individual rights. The research methods used are policy analysis and literature study. The results highlight challenges in land acquisition policy and provide insight into how fairer frameworks can be applied in practice. In the discussion, focus was given to policy implications for landowner rights and alternative solutions to improve justice. Conclusions and suggestions are presented to encourage the implementation of policies that are fairer and in favor of the public interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilization of natural resources in Indonesia for the greatest prosperity of the people is a necessity. One of the safe resources that can be utilized and has great potential is geothermal energy. However, its use requires land. The results of this research refer to land acquisition for geothermal exploitation in South Solok by providing information to the community regarding development plans, initial location data collection and public consultation. In the process of buying and selling, exchanging, or other methods agreed voluntarily by interested parties, it is carried out with a compensation mechanism and scheme determined by a committee formed by the company which will then be submitted and determined in deliberation. The conclusion in this research is that the provision of land needs carried out by PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh refers to Presidential Decree No. 36 of 2005, Presidential Decree 36 of 2006 and the RTRW of South Solok Regency. Apart from that, in terms of the implementation of the sales and purchase process carried out by PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh through a compensation mechanism, the name of the scheme created is "profit compensation" presented by the company.

This study aims to determine the legal basis of the land acquisition process and mechanism, as well as to find out the obstacles that occur in the mechanism of land acquisition for the public interest. In practice, that the need for land will in turn have an impact on various land use issues, land affairs are not only related to socio-economic aspects, but are also related to juridical issues. Because in an effort to use land, it is necessary to provide a guarantee of legal certainty. This research is important in order to be able to overcome the problems regarding land acquisition for public interest in Indonesia. This research method is normative juridical. The results of the study concluded that in carrying out land acquisition referring to Law no. 2 of 2012 concerning Land Procurement for Development in the Public Interest which consists of the planning, preparation, implementation and delivery of results. In addition, the details of the implementation and process are regulated in Presidential Regulation no. 148 of 2015 which updated Presidential Regulation No. 71 of 2012 concerning the Implementation of Land Procurement for Development in the Public Interest.

The construction of an oil refinery in Tuban Regency, a National Strategic Project (PSN), has been rejected by the Tuban community. This study aims to explain the efforts made by PT Pertamina and the government in resolving the land acquisition conflict regarding the construction of an oil refinery in Jenu, Tuban Regency. The researchers used the descriptive qualitative method, collected data using interviews and documentation, and analyzed the collected, reduced and presented data. The results showed that the parties resolved the conflict through litigation, mediation, and negotiation. The process resulted in the provision of employment for locals, scholarships for outstanding students in five affected villages, development of fishermen's cooperatives in Mentoso Village, food and social assistance for farmers, opportunities for locals to continue working on the acquired land before the construction, and several Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs around the premises. After the resolution, out of 1219 parcels, 1222 were acquired with a total land area of 814 hectares from 961 owners. This research only focuses on the agreements between the parties. Further studies are advised to observe PT Pertamina's and the community's consistency in adhering to the agreements.

Infrastructure development often has an impact on land use changes. This study aims to map the impact of Balige bypass road construction on land use changes and analyze its suitability with spatial planning. The research method was carried out through descriptive qualitative with a spatial approach. The data includes Sentinel images for 2017 and 2021, maps of the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) and interviews with government officials. Image analysis is carried out visually, while mapping of land use changes is carried out through overlaying land use maps for 2017 and 2021 and to map the suitability of the RTRW, overlaying land use maps with the RTRW. The results of the analysis show that after the road construction there was a change in land use from rice fields to settlements covering an area of 103.27 Ha. Meanwhile, an analysis of the RTRW shows that there is a mismatch in the use of a land area of 47.2 Ha. This study shows that the use of remote sensing through sentinel imagery and spatial analysis can be a tool for monitoring natural resources, this study is also useful as material for developing Geography learning. Pembangunan infrastruktur seringkali berdampak pada perubahan penggunaan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dampak pembangunan jalan Balige bypass terhadap perubahan penggunaan tanah dan menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan tata ruang. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan spasial. Data yang digunakan meliputi citra Sentinel tahun 2017 dan 2021, peta Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) serta wawancara dengan pejabat pemerintahan. Analisis citra dilakukan secara visual, sementara pemetaan perubahan penggunaan tanah dilakukan melalui overlay peta penggunaan tanah 2017 dengan 2021, dan untuk memetakan kesesuaian RTRW dilakukan overlay peta penggunaan tanah dengan RTRW. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pasca pembangunan jalan terjadi perubahan penggunaan tanah dari sawah menjadi pemukiman seluas 103,27 Ha. Sementara analisis terhadap RTRW menunjukkan terjadi ketidaksesuaian penggunaan lahan seluas 47,2 Ha. Kajian ini menunjukkan pemanfaatan penginderaan jauh melalui citra sentinel serta analisis spasial mampu menjadi alat monitoring sumber daya alam, kajian ini juga bermanfaat sebagai bahan pengembangan pembelajaran ilmu Geografi.

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Land acquisition for the construction of roads in the public interest is a classic problem that always creates turmoil in the community. This study aims to analyze land acquisition followed by land acquisition belonging to the people, always causing disputes that sometimes lead to violence or at least lead to court. The research method used normative research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach and analyzed descriptive qualitative. Based on the Research Results, it is indicated that Settlement of disputes in Land Procurement for Road Development in the public interest should be carried out to the maximum extent possible through consultation and / or through non-litigation or settlement outside the Court. Land Procurement for Development for public purposes, give Honor to holders Land Rights by providing legal protection and by providing fair and appropriate compensation to the rightful parties, but in reality often the holders of the rights granted experience a decline in quality compared to the original situation before the release of land rights.

Abstract: Infrastructure development with the National Strategic Project program must still pay attention to the concept of social justice. The land is the primary indicator needed in this development. Conflicts often occur between landowning communities and the government to acquire land for the National Strategic Projects. The issue of compensation that does not meet the point of agreement is the main problem in land acquisition. This article examines how the concept of social justice is laid as the basis for implementing compensation in land acquisition for National Strategic Projects in Indonesia. This article's writing is supported by the juridical-normative research method with a statutory regulation approach and a conceptual approach. In the concept of social justice, it is permissible to ask for sacrifices in the public interest, but it cannot be justified that these sacrifices are first requested from people who are already disadvantaged in society, so the government must consider several aspects before implementing land acquisition so that it does not harm the community and remain following the concept of social justice. Keywords: Social Justice, Land Acquisition, Compensation, the National Strategic Project. Intisari: Pembangunan infrastruktur melalui Proyek Strategis Nasional harus tetap memperhatikan konsep keadilan sosial. Tanah merupakan indikator utama yang dibutuhkan dalam pembangunan tersebut. Konflik sering terjadi antara masyarakat pemilik tanah dan pemerintah dalam rangka pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan Proyek Strategis Nasional. Masalah ganti rugi yang tidak menemui titik kesepakatan menjadi masalah utama dalam hal pengadaan tanah. Artikel ini mengulas bagaimana konsep keadilan sosial diletakkan sebagai dasar pelaksanaan ganti kerugian dalam pengadaan tanah untuk Proyek Strategis Nasional di Indonesia. Penulisan artikel ini didukung dengan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Dalam konsep keadilan sosial memang boleh untuk diminta pengorbanan demi kepentingan umum, namun tidak dapat dibenarkan bahwa pengorbanan ini pertama-tama diminta dari orang-orang yang sudah kurang beruntung dalam masyarakat, sehingga pemerintah harus mempertimbangkan beberapa aspek sebelum pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah sehingga tidak merugikan masyarakat dan tetap sesuai dengan konsep keadilan sosial. Kata Kunci: Keadilan Sosial, Pengadaan Tanah, Ganti Rugi, Proyek Strategis Nasional.

The land procurement by the state often raises different opinions about the form or amount of the compensation. The compensation could be done several ways like setting executive compensation, sue the legal problem to the court or others. If the mentioned above do not bring positivelty succeed, then the last alternative is done through deposit for damages to the District Court. This research deals with two problems: 1) how is the implementation of compensation of land procurement by state for highway in Pekanbaru-Kandis; 2) How is the mechanism to compensate the retribution which deposited at the district court. This research approached by legal empirical study and viewed with sociology of law. The results are that the compensation of land authorization by state is done in January 2016 which covers 133 areas. In the case of land mastery dispute and its compensation has been deposited in the district court, it could be taken at court secretariat after the court verdict or based on peace agreement along with cover letter from The Chief Executive of Land Procurement/National Land Agency.

Jurnal Bhumi (JB) Volume 5 Nomor 1 Mei 2019 mengangkat beberapa isu aktual persoalan agraria dan kebijakan dengan memberikan beberapa perspektif yang cukup luas dan menarik. Ada 10 artikel yang hadir dengan berbagai isu yang berbeda namun dibungkus dalam satu isu besar yakni kebijakan agraria Indonesia dalam semangat menemukan solusi atas berbagai hal yang terjadi di masyarakat. Beberapa artikel hadir sangat akseleratif atas berbagai persoalan di lapangan, dan solutif di dalam melihat persoalan agraria sebagai sebuah persoalan dan agenda bangsa. Kesepuluh artikel tersebut adalah: (1) Mohamad Shohibuddin, yang mengangkat persoalan ‘Menanggulangi Ketimpangan Agraria’; (2) Agus Suntoro, yang mengangkat persoalan ‘Ganti kerugian di dalam pengadaan tanah dalam perspektif HAM; (3) Agung Wibowo, menghadirkan isu ‘Pencadangan Hutan Adat di Indonesia’; (4) Dwi Wulan Pujiriyani dkk, menghadirkan persoalan ‘Ketersediaan Lahan pada Komunitas Petani’; (5) Grace Leksana, menghadirkan kajian ‘Ketimpangan dan Kontinuitas Patronase dalam Sejarah Perubahan Agraria’; (6) Sartika Intaning Pradhani mengulas ‘Diskursus Teori dan Peran perempuan dalam pusaran konflik agraria’; (7) Asri Widayati dan Suparjan, mengangkat ‘Perjuangan Nahdlatul Ulama dalam Mewujudkan Kedaulatan Sumber Daya Agraria’; (8) Amir Mahmud, menghadirkan ‘Pemikiran Sajogyo tentang Kemiskinan dalam Perspektif Agraria Kritis’; (9) Westi Utama dkk, menghadirkan artikel yang cukup menarik tentang ‘Analisis Spasial untuk Lokasi Relokasi Masyarakat Terdampak Bencana’;, dan terakhir (10) Anggiat Perdamean Parsaulian dan Sudjito menutup edisi ini dengan menghadirkan ‘Problem Tumpang Tindih Sertipikat Hak Milik atas Tanah’.

Abstract: The construction was the one of the realization of human rights, including the role of infrastructure development which was need the land. The implication was the land procurement for the public interest that have an impact on the improvement of agrarian conflicts, especially influenced by the damages assessed factors not yet viable and fair. This research was conducted to describe (1) how regulatory aspects in law number 2 of 2012 that govern the land procurement in formulating viable and fair criteria, and (2) how the assessment was conducted by the appraisal (The office of Public Assesor Agent), was given the authority to conduct an assessment of attributive replace losses seen in the perspective of human rights. This study uses qualitative methods. Primary data collection was done by interviews directed and secondary data was sourced from a variety of literature. The results of this research was the regulation of viable and equitable damages in law number 2, of 2012 was still unclear the message and in accordance with human rights norms. This was the case in the assessment aspect of damages has not been standard. This discrepancy has to do with the essence of viable and equitable reimbursement for items that have a restoration effort in school victims both material and immaterial, to rise up and to fulfill their right. Keywords: Land acquisition, infrastructure development, compensation, human rights, Indonesia. Intisari: Pembangunan merupakan perwujudan hak asasi manusia, termasuk pembangunan infrastruktur yang membutuhkan tanah. Implikasinya pengadaan tanah bagi kepentingan umum berdampak pada peningkatan konflik agraria, terutama dipengaruhi faktor ganti kerugian yang dinilai belum layak dan adil. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menggambarkan (1) bagaimana aspek regulasi dalam UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 yang mengatur pengadaan tanah bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum terkait rumusan kriteria layak dan adil, dan (2) bagaimana penilaian dilakukan oleh appraisal Kantor Jasa Penilai Publik (KJPP) yang diberikan kewenangan atributif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan wawancara terarah dan data sekunder bersumber dari berbagai literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan regulasi ganti kerugian layak dan adil dalam UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 belum jelas kriterianya dan sesuai dengan norma hak asasi manusia. Demikian halnya dalam aspek penilaian ganti kerugian belum ada standar dan instrumen baku. Ketidaksesuaian ini berkaitan dengan esensi layak dan adil yang memiliki unsur penggantian untuk upaya pemulihan korban terdampak baik, bersifat material dan imaterial agar mampu bangkit dan terpenuhi hak asasinya. Kata kunci: Pengadaan tanah, pembangunan infrastruktur, ganti kerugian, HAM, Indonesia.

Land acquisition for public interest development is stipulated in Act No. 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development of Public Interest. One arrangement of land acquisition in legal substances that have been formed are small-scale land acquisition (less than 5 hectares), but it is still governed by very vague and thus susceptible to the multi-interpretation and raises doubts in its implementation. This paper discusses the problematic that arise due to unclear regulations concerning small-scale land acquisition and to provide solutions to these problems. Based on the discussion the authors concluded first, the problematic of small-scale land acquisition is the arrangement of land acquisition that is so vague that there is no clarity regarding the procedures for determining of location, the phase of land acquisition, which excludes public consultation, there is no regulation regarding preventive measures against the impact for the community around location of land acquisition. Second, the solution could be found to this problem is a regulation of small-scale land acquisition should ideally be regulated more comprehensively considering that small-scale land acquisition allows the emergence of adverse effects for the community around location of land acquisition so that the stages of planning and preparation that is set for the large-scale land acquisition is similarly applied for small-scale.

Islamic law recognizes both private and community property. This community rights are manifested in forms of entitlement for charitable purposes, known as waqf or trusts, sadaqah as well as zakat. Under the Sha‘riah, however, ownership of all property ultimately rests with God. Though individual property rights are upheld, there is a corresponding obligation to share, particularly with those in need. In Malaysia, the right to property is a constitutional right and thus, the acquiring authority cannot deprive a person of his land in an arbitrary manner. This paper discusses the extent of which the acquisition law falls in line with Shari‘ah thus preserving the right to property as determined by Shari‘ah to individuals. Similarly, the paper also looks at some basic principles sustained by the court in determining whether the working of the acquisition law falls within the constitutional guarantee provided under Article 13 of the Federal Constitution and the Sha‘riah. A study of the case law reveals that human errors due to greediness and lack of responsibility have contributed to some of the problems in land acquisition.

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan pembangunan Jalan Lingkar Ambarawa pada tahun 2008 serta untuk mengetahui proses penetapan besaran ganti kerugian terhadap warga yang terkena proyek Jalan Lingkar Ambarawa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan Yuridis Empiris. Penelitian ini bersifat sebagai penelitian deskriptif analitis. Dalam penelitian ini penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive non random sampling. Data primer diperoleh dengan cara melakukan wawancara mendalam, sedang data sekunder berupa bahan-bahan hukum yang mempunyai kekuatan mengikat dan dapat membantu menganalisa. Analisa data yang dipergunakan oleh penulis adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum bagi pembangunan Jalan lingkar Ambarawa Kabupaten Semarang tahun 2008 merupakan pengadaan tanah berskala kecil karena membutuhkan lahan yang kurang dari 1 hektar (6.732 M2), akan tetapi dengan adanya Panitia Pengadaan Tanah dapat diketahui bahwa mengggunakan ketentuan pengadaan tanah untuk skala besar. Objectives to be achieved in this study is to investigate the implementation process of land acquisition for development purposes Ambarawa Ring Road in 2008 and to learn about the process of determining the amount of compensation to residents affected by Ambarawa Ring Road project. The method used is the method of Juridical Empirical approach. This study is a descriptive analytical study. In this study the determination of the sample is done by non-random purposive sampling. Primary data obtained by conducting in-depth interviews, secondary data are materials that have the binding force of law and can help to analyze. Analysis of data used by the authors is qualitative. The results showed that the implementation of land acquisition for public purposes for the construction of ring road Ambarawa Semarang District in 2008 is a small-scale land acquisition because it requires less land than 1 hectare (6732 M2), but with the Land Acquisition Committee to note that use traditional procurement provisions ground for a large scale.