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The development of Limboto Lake Site as the pilot area of Gorontalo Geopark is one step in rescuing the lake. This research aims to analyzed the vegetation structure, estimate biomass, and assess the carbon stock value of the vegetatio at the Limboto Lake site. This study employed a purposive sampling method. Important Value Index, a measure used to evaluate plant vegetation structure, was calculated based on Realtive Density, Relative Dominance, and Relative Frequency values. Biomass estimation and carbon stock assessment were conducted using allometric equations. The study’s finding showed that the vegetation surrounding Soekarno's landing area exhibited the highest IVI (sawlogs) scores for Swietenia mahagoni tree at 82.86%, Leucaena leucocephala saplings at 79.56%, and Manihot esculenta seedlings at 46.33%. Leucaena leucocephala consistently achieved the highest IVI score within the Limboto Lake area with a score as high as 76.90%, followed by Leucaena leucocephala on the sapling level with a score as high as 70.03%, and Nauclea orientalis on the seedling level with a score as high as 53.06%. Swietenia mahagoni, Samanea saman, and Leucaena leucocephala are three species with stems that predominate at the sawlog level and sapling, and these stems have high carbon absorption values.

The dynamics and patterns of relationships between the characteristics of Indonesian tropical peat involving a function of time (ages of land use) in the context of land conversion have yet to be widely reported. The effects of tropical peatland use change are generally discussed regarding C emissions, with the limited literature identifying dynamic soil characteristics as these changes occur. This study used a survey method. We identified the physical, chemical, and C stock characteristics of peat in forest locations, oil palm plantations with a land use age of 0-5 years,>5-10 years,>10 years, and agricultural land with a land use age of 0-5 years and >5-10 years to find out the dynamics of soil characteristics. Land use changes from peat swamp forests to oil palm plantations and agricultural land, and the longer age of land use results in an increase in BD (especially at the top layer), ash content, pH, Total-N, total-P2O5, total-K2O, but there was a decrease in water content, fiber content, Organic-C, E400/E600, and soil C stocks. The alignment of economic, social, and ecological interests was directed to water and land management by regulating the area’s hydrological system and increasing peat stability.

Climate change caused by various activities of human activity has produced carbon dioxide gas affecting global warming. Seagrass ecosystem has the ability to absorb and store large quantities of carbon that can reduce carbon emissions. Objectives of this study is to assess seagrass population structure, assess carbon deposits estimation and water quality parameters. The method used in this research is purposive sampling method and location determination used line Transect quadrant method which refers to LIPI method. Carbon measurements in seagrass samples used LOI method. Seagrass species found in the waters of Baluran National Park are Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila minor, Halophila ovalis dan Halodule uninervis. The seagrass Enhalus acoroides has a highest biomass value and an estimate of carbon deposits 37.817 gC/m2. The total estimate of the highest carbon stock is obtained at the bottom of the substrate 40.063 ton. Perubahan iklim yang disebabkan oleh berbagai aktifitas kegiatan manusia menghasilkan gas karbon diokasida yang berdampak pada pemanasan global. Ekosistem padang lamun memiliki kemampuan untuk menyerap dan menyimpan karbon dalam jumlah besar yang dapat mengurangi emisi karbon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengkaji struktur populasi lamun, 2) mengkaji estimasi simpanan karbon, 3) mengkaji parameter kualitas air di Taman Nasional Baluran. Metode yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling method dan penentuan lokasi menggunakan metode line transect quadrant yang mengacu pada metode LIPI. Pengukuran kualitas air dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) dan pengukuran karbon pada sampel lamun menggunakan metode LOI. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa Spesies lamun yang ditemukan di perairain Taman Nasional Baluran adalah Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila minor, Halophila ovalis dan Halodule uninervis. Jenis lamun Enhalus acoroides mempunyai nilai biomassa dan estimasi simpanan karbon paling tinggi yaitu 37,817 gC/m2. Estimasi total stok karbon tertinggi didapatkan pada bagian bawah substrat (rhizoma dan akar) sebesar 40,063 ton.

Climate change, deforestation, and substantial loss of agricultural land within gold mining concessions in Dharmasraya greatly affect soil carbon stocks (Cs). This study used a survey method with purposive random sampling based on variations in ex-gold mining areas in each region, at depths of 0-20 and 20-40 cm with three to five replicates with a total of 54 samples. The estimation of Cs in ex-gold mining soil was highest at a depth of 20-40 cm (5.89E2), compared to a depth of 0-20 cm (1.38E2), where bulk density (BD), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total Hg in ex-gold mining soil at a depth of 0-20 and 20-40 cm were 1.46 and 1.39 g cm-3; 0.03 and 0.05%; 4.11 and 4.25 mg kg-1, respectively. The Cs in ex-gold mining soil at a depth of 0-20 cm is very significant by BD (r=-0.522** or Cs=-628.03(BD)+1055.1; R²=0.275) and SOC (r=0.948** or Cs=4896.8(SOC)-6.4673; R²=0.8996) and total Hg (r=0.518** or Cs=81.373(Hg)-196.43; R²=0.2688). However, at a depth of 20-40 cm, it was very significant by SOC (r=0.836** or Cs=16666(SOC)-196.03; R²=0.699).

Human activities and global warming cause forest fires that impact increasing carbon emissions, destroy forest biodiversity and destroy soil properties. This research is needed to examine carbon storage and soil physical properties on various types of land cover in the Cempaka Forest area, which will later be used as a basis for carrying out restoration and conservation actions. This study used four observation points: Timber Forest Products, Non-Timber Forest Products, Pine, and Shrubs land cover. Carbon storage was measured in the Cempaka forest using the standard RaCSA procedure. The results showed that land cover differences significantly affect the value of carbon storage, with the highest value for storing carbon being the land cover of HHK. However, the difference in land cover did not cause different results on the physical properties of the soil. Correlation and simple regression between the value of carbon storage and other parameters show that carbon storage is strongly influenced by tree biomass and litter, with respective values ​​of 94% and 21%.

Oil palm empty fruit bunches are materials used as organic fertilizers that can be applied to oil palm plantations, thereby reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers. Indigofera zollingeriana is an appropriate alternative as an interplant because of its high branch and leaf development. Functions as a ground cover and a supplier of carbon stocks naturally plays a role in water and soil conservation. This study aims to determine the effect of oil palm empty fruit bunches and I. zollingeriana on land improvement to support oil palm growth and production. Variables observed included changes in soil water content, soil microorganism activity, and carbon stock. The results showed that the soil planted with I. zollingeriana and given the empty fruit bunches of oil palm had a higher soil moisture content. The highest soil carbon stock, oil palm carbon stock, and vegetation carbon stock were 81.6 t ha-1, 36.60 t ha-1, and 1.89 t ha-1, respectively. The population and activity of microorganisms varies. The highest total microorganisms were treated with I. zollingeriana and oil palm EFB 105 (10⁵CFU g-1), while the lowest was 60 (10⁵CFU g-1). Planting I. zollingeriana and providing oil palm empty fruit bunches increased groundwater reserves by 36.71%.

Litter is a fragment of aboveground carbon stocks, a vital bridge to the belowground carbon cycle. Land conversion to agricultural purposes will affect litter production. This study aimed to compare the litter production of natural forests with cocoa-based agroforestry systems (AFS) in West Sumatra. Litter production was measured in five different types of ecosystems, namely natural forest (NF), cocoa-rubber-based AFS (CR), multistrata cocoa-based AFS (CM), cocoa-coconut-based AFS (CC), and cocoa monoculture (M). This study is quantitative research with the collection method. The difference in litter production between the five ecosystems observed was tested using ANOVA parametric statistical method. Litter was collected monthly for one year in which litter traps were evenly distributed in each research plot. Ecosystems of NF and M produced the highest annual litter (6.04 Mg ha-1 and 4.65 Mg ha-1 respectively), while CR produced the lowest one (2.52 Mg ha-1). Although this study did not perform comprehensive modeling of decomposition dynamics, the measurement of annual litter production can provide a further understanding of the dynamics of ecosystem carbon, especially in cocoa-based agroforestry.

Among plants, between main tree crops, e,g. oil palm and other plants, to a certain extent they are competing with each other for resources of growing environment, especially for water and nutrients within the growing media and space, and microclimate elements. In this respect, the understorey plants or vegetation will be studied by how much they compete with the main crop in comparison with their beneficial effects on the main crop directly, or indirectly toward plantation management and the environment. This study will reveal the existence of understorey plants or vegetation that is commonly used as a ground cover with various benefits in supporting sustainable palm oil production technology. There are several variables, that are commonly observed as a positive impact of implementing sustainable production technology, including reduction of CO2 greenhouse gas emissions, increased carbon stocks, environmental biodiversity, improvement of water and soil nutrient balances, soil and water conservation, including decreasing erosion In this paper, some of these variables will be revealed and analyzed as a result of production technology, especially by using two understorey vegetation species: Nephrolepis biserrata and Asystasia gangetica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The soil type of Haplustepts found in Reuleut, Aceh Utara, possessed low fertility. However, it still has potential for agriculture development through organic matter application, both solid and liquid, to improve its soil qualities. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of the Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) and Tofu Industry Liquid Waste (TOFU) on the changes in soil physicochemical properties and soil organic carbon stock (SOCs) of Haplustepts. The study was designed using a Factorial Randomized Block Design, comprising two factors and three replications. The first factor was POME with three different doses: S0 (0 L/27,000 cm3 of soil volume), S1 (1.62 L/27,000 cm3 of soil volume), and S2 (3.24 L/27,000 cm3 of soil volume). The second factor was TOFU comprising three different doses: T0 (0 L/27,000 cm3 of soil volume), T1 (2.7 L/27,000 cm3 of soil volume), and T2 (5.4 L/27,000 cm3 of soil volume). The results indicated that different doses of POME and TOFU applied were non-significant on soil aggregate, bulk density, and soil water availability in Haplustepts. Similar results were recorded on organic-C content, soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and SOCs. Although insignificant, the value of soil aggregate stability and SOCs increased as the doses of POME and TOFU increased. The indicators of these insignificant results were the different doses applied, high soil water content, and a short period of POME and TOFU incubation.

Seagrass has many functions and values, including as carbon sink. However, to estimate carbon in seagrass, it involves seagrass biomass harvesting which is laborious, costly, and destructive. This study aimed to find out the relationship between seagrass Thalassia hemprichii percent cover with their biomass which will provide alternative method for biomass estimation leading to an efficient, less cost and less destructive method for seagrass carbon stock estimation. Seagrass were sampled in Bonebatang island, South Sulawesi, and estimated their percent cover following SeagrassWatch Method from different seagrass condition and sediment type, as well as harvested for their biomass. In the lab, seagrass biomass was dried. Data was analyzed by using simple regression analysis. Results showed that there is a relatively strong relationship between percent cover and the belowground, aboveground and total biomass (R2 = 0.70; 0,81 and 8,3, respectively). Seagrass percent cover (seagrass health status, i.e. healthy, moderate and poor) also resulted a relatively strong influence on total seagrass biomass (R2>50%). However, apart from segarss percent cover, some other parameters are needed to be taken into consideration, such as seagrass densities and seagrass morphologies

The increasing length of toll roads on the island of Java also increases the number of green lane that can be used for greening. One of the functions of the green road is for planting carbon-absorbing plants. Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) trees are a type of productive plants that have a carbon sink function. The purpose of this study is to estimate the carbon stock of a model of planting on the green lane of the Semarang-Solo toll road. This research was conducted in September 2019. The method used in this study is simulation calculation and allometric models. Calculation simulation method is used to determine the potential availability of land along the green lane of the Semarang-Solo toll road. Carbon reserve calculation method is done by nondestructive sampling by using an allometric model for the tamarind tree species. The application of this model can produce estimates of stored carbon stock approximately 197.165 ton. Green lane has a very large utilization potential for carbon sequestration and should be used optimally.

Maintaining and where feasible restoring soil carbon stocks is part of all sustainable development strategies that have a chance of meeting the global commitment of the Paris Agreement to contain global warming within a 1.5oC limit. Active policies to incentivize increased soil carbon storage require under­standing of the drivers of soil carbon decline, as well as the conditions under which soil management leads to an increase. Soil carbon transitions -- shifts from decline to increase of soil carbon stocks -- have been recorded as part of agricultural intensification. Organic inputs supporting soil carbon may primarily depend on roots, rather than aboveground inputs, and thus on the choice of crops, trees, and grasses that make up an agricultural land use system.

Abstrak Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) merupakan ruang dengan vegetasi yang berfungsi sebagai penyerap gas karbondioksida (CO2) dalam bentuk karbon tersimpan sehingga dapat tercapai suatu kualitas lingkungan udara kota yang bersih dan nyaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat keberlanjutan RTH publik sebagai cadangan karbon di Kota Pekanbaru. Data diperoleh melalui metode survey, pengamatan dan wawancara dianalisis menggunakan Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan RTH publik Kota Pekanbaru termasuk kurang berkelanjutan (49,57). Dimensi sosial (52,24) dinilai cukup berkelanjutan. Sementara dimensi ekologi (46,23), ekonomi (49,91), dan kelembagaan (49,93) tergolong kurang berkelanjutan. Secara umum disimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan RTH Kota Pekanbaru tergolong kurang berkelanjutan. Peningkatan indeks dan status keberlanjutan pengelolaan RTH Kota Pekanbaru perlu diupayakan dalam perspektif pembangunan kota berkelanjutan. Abstract Green Open Space (GOS) is a space with vegetation that serves as an absorber of carbondioxide gas (CO2) in the form of carbon is stored so that a good quality of clean and comfortable city air environment could be achieved. This study aimed to analyze the status and the factors that affect the level of sustainability of public green space as a reserve of carbon in Pekanbaru. Data obtained through the survey, observation, and interviews method were analyzed using Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS). The results showed that the management of public green space was less sustainable (49.57). The social dimension (52.24) is considered quite sustainable. While the dimensions of the ecological (46.23), economic (49.91), and institutional (49,93) relatively less sustainable. In general the management of Pekanbaru City GOS relatively less sustainable. Improving index and sustainability status RTH Pekanbaru City management needs to be pursued in the perspective of sustainable urban development.

Tree stands in community forest have potential to absorb carbon in the air by storing in the body parts of the tree.  This study aims to determine the effect of community forest’s stand types on the number of reserves and carbon uptake.  The sampling method used is the cluster sampling method to determine the sample.  Biomass data are collection destructive and non destructive methods.  Estimation of biomass is carried out using the allometric equations.  Measurement of carbon content using the formula from BSN (2011) x 0.47. Comparative  analysis of carbon reserves and removals uptake using the variance test  and 5 % BNT test. Public  forests in the Negara Ratu II village with gold teak stands have carbon reserves and removals (135.87 tons/ha and 499,00 ton/ha). the most significant compared to community forests with other types of stands. While the reserve value and carbon uptake between white teak (44.86 tons/ha and 164.63 tons/ha), acacia (54.13 tons/ha and 191.20 tons/ ha), red jabon (51.20ton/ha and 187.90 tons/ha), white jabon (59.51 tons/ha and 218.40 tons/ha), is no different. Â

Forests had an important role in carbon reserve and uptake: where this was one of efforts of global warming’s impacts mitigation. The aim of this research was to know the effect of  density in potential of  carbon reserve and uptake in the private forest. Data collection was carried out by survey;  then the collected data were analyzed for tree biomass, necromass, litter and ground plants, total of carbon stock in one area, suitability of carbon stock, CO2 absorbtion, and the differences in carbon stock and carbon uptake in each of density class. The result showed that, forests with low density were significantly lower in stored carbon and CO2 absorption, respectively 54.57 tons/ha and 200.27 tons/ha. In medium and high density forests, both the amount of stored carbon and CO2 uptake were no different. At medium density, stored carbon was 79.78 tons/ha, and CO2 absorption was 292.79 tons/ha. In high density, stored carbon was 92.94 tons/ha and CO2 absorption was 341.09 tons/ha.

ABSTRAK Pemanasan global menjadi isu terkini dalam perubahan iklim, salah satu penyebabnya adalah pelepasan gas karbondioksida (CO2) ke atmosfer. Tanaman teh menyerap CO2, sehinggga mampu berperan untuk mengurangi emisi karbon. Program clean development mechanism dalam piagam Kyoto, membutuhkan perhitungan cadangan karbon yang akurat dan terkini beserta agihan secara spasial. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan respon spektral citra ALOS AVNIR-2 dan nilai indeks vegetasi dengan cadangan karbon tanaman teh dan Pendugaan cadangan karbon tanaman teh beserta agihannya pada perkebunan teh PT Pagilaran. Metodenya adalah pengolahan citra digital ALOS AVNIR-2 menggunakan algoritma indeks vegetasi (NDVI, RVI, SAVI, MSAVI-2, ARVI, GEMI), pengukuran sampel cadangan karbon tanaman teh dilapangan menggunakan rumus allometrik, analisis statistik hubungan respon spektral citra dan nilai indeks vegetasi dengan nilai cadangan karbon. Nilai korelasi tertinggi digunakan menghitung dan memetakan agihan cadangan karbon tanaman teh. Hasil penelitian tidak menunjukkan hubungan korelasi yang kuat antara saluran tunggal pada citra ALOS AVNIR-2 dengan cadangan karbon, yaitu nilai korelasi (r) < 0,21. Hasil korelasi nilai indeks vegetasi dengan cadangan karbon tertinggi adalah r = 0,44, diperoleh pada indeks vegetasi RVI (koefisien determinasi/R² = 0,196). Pendugaan cadangan karbon pada perkebunan teh pagilaran sebesar 30.974,5 Ton, dengan agihan urutan terbesar dari afdeling Pagilaran, afdeling Kayulandak dan afdeling Andongsili. ABSTRACT Global warming is an issue of current climate change, one reason is the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Tea plants absorb CO2, so can contribute to reducing carbon emissions. Programs clean development mechanism under the Kyoto charter, requiring the calculation of carbon stocks and their recent and accurate spatial. The aim of research to determine the relationship spectral response AVNIR ALOS-2 and the index vegetation with carbon stocks of tea plants and then estimated of carbon stocks of tea plant and it distributions in PT Pagilaran plantations. The method is digital image processing ALOS AVNIR-2 uses an algorithm vegetation index (NDVI, RVI, SAVI, MSAVI-2, ARVI, GEMI), sample measurements of carbon stocks of tea plants in the field using a formula allometric, statistical analysis-response relationship spectral image and index vegetation with the value of carbon stocks. The highest correlation value is used calculate and mapping the carbon stocks tea plant. Results of the study did not show a strong correlation between a single channel on AVNIR ALOS-2 with carbon stocks, ie the value of the correlation (r)

The development of forest plantations into one of forestry enterprises is seen as an activity that can reduce emissions by increasing carbon stocks. Measurement of carbon stocks needs to be done to obtain data of carbon stocks stored in a field so that it can be calculated emissions that are released into the atmosphere when there is a fraction of the land cover. In this study, carbon stocks was calculated by estimation method using allometric equations that had been made in previous studies and devoted to the stands of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F), litter and soil. The study was conducted by dividing the teak plantation with various age classes (KU) of teak plant, ranging from KU 1 to KU 6. KU 1 has age 1 - 10 years, KU 2 has age 11-20 years, KU 3 has age 21 - 30 years old, KU 4 has age 31 - 40 years old, KU 5 has age 41-50 years and KU 6 has age 51 - 60 years old. The value of carbon stocks in the teak stands in each equation increased with the increasing age of the teak stand. Carbon deposits in teak forests increased by 3.96 t ha-1 to 5.54 t ha-1 annually. Teak forests can reduce CO2 in the air, and the greater the age of teak the greater CO2 in the air can be reduced. Teak forests can reduce CO2 in the air by 14.45 t ha-1 to 20.26 t ha-1 annually. Basal area value on teak stands affects 64% of litter biomass values. The higher the basal area value the litter biomass value will increase. Basal area values of teak forests in KU 1 to KU 6 ranged from 5.63 m² ha-1 to 50.36 m² ha-1.

One of the causes of global climate change is due to the increase of greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4 in the atmosphere. CO2 can be formed from decomposition of organic carbon material (C-organic) in aerobic condition, but in nature CO2 can be reduced in photosynthesis process. CH4 can be formed from decomposition of C-organic material in aerobic condition and reduced slightly in nature, so it will accumulate in the atmosphere. Land inundation by dam will drown the C-organic content of soil and all vegetation above land surface that potentially become CO2 and CH4which are emitted from the surface of dam. The region of the study has an area for about 4426.6 hectares with the main land use as agroforestry 2084.1 hectares including garden and settlement, as paddy field 2213.9 hectares including irrigated and rainfed rice field, and 122.2 hectares as water body. The number of C-organic of the soil by laboratory testing from sample which has an area for about 4304.4 hecatares is 185605 tonnes. C-organic content of the vegetation is measured indirectly by allometric method from agroforestry field which has an area of 2084.1 hectares as much as 135754 tonnes. From the C-organic total of soil and vegetation weighing 221359 tonnes potentially produce 881650 tonnes of CO2 and 295145 tonnes of CH4 or combination of both. In order to reduce the potential of environmental pollution, the recommendation for the prospectiveJatigede Dam and other dams that are being and not yet built is by removing all vegetation from the land of prospective dam and making a dense vegetation belt around the dam.

Oil palm has the ability to sequester carbon dioxide stored as carbon stock. This study aimed to estimate carbon stock in some age classes, to determine the relationship between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and carbon stock, and to estimate the distribution of oil palm carbon stock in Landscape Sembilang Dangku. Estimation of carbon stock were carried out at the non productive age plant phase namely <2 years, 2-3 years, and the productive plant age phase namely 4-10 years and> 10 years. The carbon stock estimation used allometric equations. Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) /Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) was analyzed to determine NDVI. Making a map of the classification of carbon stock distribution using Software QGIS Las Palmas 2.18.0. The results showed that the carbon stock in the age class <2 years was 9.50 ton C/ ha, the age class of 2-3 was 9.62 ton C/ha, the age of 4-10 was 28.23 ton C/ha and in the age class> 10 was 79.83 ton C/ha. The relation between NDVI with carbon stock had a strong correlation (r = 0.9972) with regression equation Y = 638.13x - 242.65. Carbon stock distribution was based on percentage of area as follows: <15 ton C/ha covering an area of 26.52%, 15-25 ton C/ha covering an area of 5.29%, 26-70 ton C ha covering an area of 35.41%, and > 70 ton C/ha 32.78%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many claim that commodity plantations release carbon stock and thus contribute to climate change effects. Yet, studies on cocoa carbon stock and nutrients are limited, especially in Malaysia therefore, objective of this study was to determine if there were any significant differences of carbon stock in five different tree parts of cocoa, namely branches, main stem, main roots, fibrous roots, and leaves. Twenty cocoa trees (aged 10 years old) at Kpg Muara Ahi, Serian Sarawak were destructively sampled in March, 2016, and cut into five tree compartments prior to analysis by using CHN and AAS Analyzer. Mean comparison was carried out by using one-way ANOVA SPSS 21.0 software. Total cocoa carbon stock was 27.32 M C ha -1 which branches contributing 47% from the total carbon (12.92 Mg C ha -1 ), followed by main stem (5.42 Mg C ha -1 ), taproot (4.05 Mg C ha -1 ), fibrous root (2.49 Mg C ha -1 ) and leaves (2.44 Mg C ha -1 ). Branches and main stems contained higher total carbon stock due to high total biomass (kg), how-ever, main root showed significantly (p

Currently, the function of seagrass community as carbon storage has been discussed in line with “blue carbon” function of that seagrass has. Seagrass bed are a very valuable coastal ecosystem, however, seagrass bed is threatened if compared to other coastal ecosystems, such as mangroves and coral reefs. The threatened seagrass experienced also contributes to its capacity in absorbing CO2 emission from greenhouse gasses such as CO2 emission Temporal estimation shows that CO2 emission will increase in the coming decade. On the other side, efforts to decrease climate change can be influenced by the existence of seagrass. Informations about existence of seagrass as carbon storage are still very rare or limited. This study was aimed to estimate carbon storage on seagrass community in Marine Nature Tourism Park of Kotania Bay Area, Western Seram, Maluku Province. The quadrat transect method of 0.25 m2 for each plot was used to collect seagrass existence. The content of carbon in the sample of dry biomass of seagrass was analyzed in the laboratory using Walkley & Black method. The results showed that total carbon stored was higher in both Osi and Burung Islands of Kotania Bay than other studied areas (Buntal and Tatumbu Islands, Marsegu Island, Barnusang Peninsula, Loupessy and Tamanjaya Village). The average carbon stored in Kotania Bay waters was 2.385 Mg C ha-1, whereas the total of carbon stored was 2054.4967 Mg C.

Several baseline data of natural forest carbon stock is needed to support REDD+ (Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Degradation+) implementation as a mitigation effort for climate change issue in Indonesia. According to IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Guidelines 2006, carbon stock calculation should be measurable, transparent, verifiable and consistent through time. At sub-national level, Java Island especially natural forest ecosystem is often overlooked by REDD+ scientists implying that the data and information on carbon stock of natural forest ecosystem in Java Island is still limited. The research has been conducted in sub montane primary forest in conservation area of Mount Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS) with the objective to estimate the 5 carbon pools at TNGHS. Twenty seven-plots of 20x20 meters were built in the field. Measurement of forest carbon pools was done for above ground, belowground (root), understorey and necromass at primary forest with high and low canopy density. The research showed that TNGHS has a quite high carbon stock potency as followings: aboveground 139.326 tonC/ha, belowground (root) 39.011 tonC/ha, understorey 1,971 tonC/ha and necromass 5.77 tonC/ha. Average of biomass and stand carbon stock in primary forest of TNGHS were 364.503 ton/ha dan 185.177 tonC/ha, respectively. This study recommends to use allometric equation developed by Chave et al. (2005) to estimate forest stand biomass potency at TNGHS.

Carbon stock on peatlands are large and will be easily emitted if the land is opened or drained, therefore the measurements of carbon stocks and ash content are important to know the amount of emissions and agricultural sustainability in peatlands. This study aimed to determine carbon stock and ash content on peatlands in the Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) located in South Kalimantan on the geographic position S. 03°25’52" and E. 114°47’6.5". The experiment consisted of six treatments of ameliorant materials namely; mineral soil, peat fertilizer A, peat fertilizer T, manure, ash, and control. The results showed that the variation of peat soil properties was very high at this location. Peat thickness ranged from 36-338 cm, and this led to high variations in carbon stocks ranged between 161.8 – 1142.2 Mg ha-1. Besides ash contents of the soil were also highly varied ranged from 3.4 – 28.5%. This natural variation greatly affected the ICCTF study design. Mineral soil treatment had a mean carbon stock (961.3 ± 61.5 Mg ha-1) which was higher and different from other treatments. High ash content was obtained in the ash treatment (18.6 ± 2.5%) and manure (15.7 ± 3.6%). It is recommended that the analysis of plant responses and greenhouse gas emissions using a single regression analysis and multiple regression with ash content as one of the independent variables are needed.

One of the best solution to reduce the increasing of carbiondioxide is keeping the forest and its ecosystems sustainably. It should be done because the forest could store the carbon stock at high level capacity. The research purposed to calculate the above ground carbon stock of planted A.mangium. Planted A.mangium in the year 2002 and 2004 used for calculation. Research done during April to May 2010 ath KPH Cianjur, State Own Company Perhutani Unit III, West Java and Banten. Data collecting through plot establishment in the field that was 20 m x 20 m for trees biomass and 2 m x 2 m sub-plot for litter and understorey. Results of research shown that the carbon stock of A.mangium planted in the year was 43.30 ton/ha while planted in the year 2004 was 27.70 ton/ha

Forest has an important role to absorb CO2 which is used during photosynthesis to produce O2 and energy. Carbon was stored dominantly in biomass. When peat forest burnt, a lot of carbon emissions are acumulated in the atmosphere, which stimulate global warming. This study aims to estimate biomass and fix carbon contain in ex-burned merang peat forest and make models between biomass and fix carbon of various tree component (stems, branches, twigs and leaves) and also to calculate fix carbon and biomass stock in burned merang peat forest. The results show that biomass and fix carbon in burned merang peat forest can be estimated using allometric equation models: Wtotal = 0.153108 D2,40 and Ctotal = 0,0302 D2,35. Fix carbon stock in the trees very related to biomass and it can be calculated using formula Ctotal = 0.188799 W0,980. Stems store largest proportion of biomass in a single tree. They contribute to approximately 68.09 – 82.28% of total tree biomass. Leaves, twigs and brunch each contribute to 4.17 – 14.44%; 6.16 – 10.32% and 7.15 – 7.45 respectively. Fix carbon of trees can be estimated using biomass formula. It shows that each tree shares 16.49 – 17.70% of carbon from total biomass in average. Total biomass and fix carbon on the above ground of burned Merang peat forest are 151,650.48 kg/ha and 29,105.19 kg/ha respectively

Forests are a significant part of the global carbon cycle. Forests sequester carbon by conducting photosynthesis, which is the process of converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the chemical bonds of sugar. Carbon sequestration through forestry has the potential to play a significant role in ameliorating global environmental problems such as atmospheric accumulation of GHG's and climate change. The present investigation was carried out to determine carbon sequestration potential of hybrid Eucalyptus. This study was conducted primarily to develop a prediction model of carbon storage capacity for plantation forest of hybrid Eucalyptus in Aek Nauli, Simalungun District, North Sumatera. Models were tested and assessed for statistical validity and accuracy in predicting biomass and carbon, based on determination coefficient (R) and correlation coefficient (r), aggregative deviation percentage (AgD), and the average deviation percentage (AvD). The best general model to estimate the biomass of hybrid Eucalyptus was Y = 1351,09x^0,876. e^(0,094). Results showed that hybrid Eucalyptus had an average above-ground biomass in year 0 (the land without the eucalyptus trees) up to year 3 as large as 1.36, 11.56, 43.18, and 63.84 t ha. The carbon content of hybrid Eucalyptus were 0.61, 5.2, 19.43 t^(-1), and 28,73 t^(-1) C ha while the carbon sequestration potential were 2.23, 19.08, 71.31, and 105.43 t^(-1) CO ha^(-1) respectively.

This study was carried out as one part of comprehensive research project aimed to increase sustainable management of forests and peatlands in Indonesia in order to increase the carbon sequestration capacity and community incomes. The specific aim of the study was to calculate total value carbon gained as impact of various interventions in area of Ex-PLG Blok A, Mentangai, Central Kalimantan. Estimation on carbon stock was conducted by Sample Plot of Measurement (PCP). The interventions in this study was cannal blocking. The study showed that activity of cannal blocking resulted in a positive impact, indicated by the present of reduction carbon rate (both above and below ground carbon), as well as carbon content by tree plantation (43,451 ha). Based on result of calculation, the amount of obtained above ground carbon stock was 14,448 ton C. Carbon stock found in the tree plantation in surrounding the cannal was 0,777 ton C. Below ground carbon stock was ranged between 550,782 ton C to 2,223,424 ton C. Total above ground and below ground carbon stock were 2,541,222.78 ton C or equal to 9,317,816.85 ton CO2.