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The research study examines the legal protection of clan-based aboriginal healing processes, handicrafts, and unique creative works, which have been undermined from the ab initio. The government should shield the interests of their customary know-how under the IPR approach and community-based legal shields and documentation in the e-database. The research aims to investigate conventional aboriginal know-how practices of the Galo clan and e-governance meadow relating to the CAK issue and recommend lawful aspects. The researchers surveyed and collected information from 46 houses in Aalo town, Darka village, and Kabu village in West Siang District and Basar District in Arunachal Pradesh, the primary sources. The paper reports on findings from a study conducted in Arunachal Pradesh, India, to assess attitudes towards customary Aboriginal know-how (CAK) and its conservation. The survey demonstrates multiple views regarding the significance of safeguarding CAK through intellectual property rights (IPR) laws, traditional knowledge's role in socio-economic development, and whether e-governance can effectively help preserve CAK. In conclusion, a delicate balance must be between preserving traditional Galo practices and embracing modernity. A structured survey questionnaire collects quantitative data on attitudes, perceptions, and practices related to customary aboriginal know-how (CAK) conservation and legal protection. The questionnaire includes closed-ended questions to elicit specific responses from the informants regarding their views on safeguarding CAK, the role of intellectual property rights (IPR) laws, and the potential of e-governance in preserving CAK.

Islam teaches its adherents to help the needy. Every Muslim is inspired by this teaching to strive to be a better person overall. However, it is a known truth that certain Muslims already belong to the mustad'afin group on a religious, economic, political, and socio-cultural level. Muslims everywhere must work to solve this issue. The guidebook, the Qur'an, mentions the issues facing the Mustad'af people. This essay examines how the weak or even the oppressed, particularly what is occurring in Indonesia, might achieve prosperity and freedom by reflecting on Farid Esack's liberation theology doctrine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of records about the involvement and contribution of women in Sufism texts cannot be used as an excuse that women have a small role and position in the development and dissemination of Sufism teachings, doctrines and practices. So far, the well-known female Sufis, namely Rabi'ah al-Adawiyah (717-801) and Aishah al-Ba'uniyyah (c. 1456-1517), are two big names who prove that women have equal opportunities in spiritual attainment. Many researchers discuss female Sufis but focus on the eastern world and parts of India, only a few researchers have written about female Sufis in the West, therefore the authors are interested in discussing female Sufis in the West. This research is a library research. The author uses a literature review with the data sources used in this paper are secondary data originating from the literature such as books, journals, articles, and various sources that are relevant to the theme of the discussion in this paper.. The results of the study describe female Sufisin the contemporary era such as Hajjah Amina Adil and Hajjah Naziha Adil with their organizations engaged in philanthropy. Then another female Sufi is Nahid Angha who is known as one of the founders of the International Sufi Woman Organization, a world Sufi women's organization. This organization is concerned with peace programs and women's empowerment.The next female Sufi, namely Eva de Vitray in the path of Sufism, Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch or Hawwa Hanim, took allegiance to the murshid of the Qadiriyah order from Morocco, Sheikh Hamzah al-Qadiri al-Boutchichi. Eva is also connected with Sheikh Khaled Bentounes, a murshid of the Syadziliyah-Alawiyahtarekat who lives in France

Acidic soil is a serious harmful problem for rice crop productivity. Approximately 50% of the world’s potentially arable soils are acidic, whereas in North East (NE) India 80% of arable soils are effected. In nature, it exists synergistically with other metal stresses. Hence most of the studies to date were performed in combinations. This paper highlights the detrimental effect of acidity on plants to differentiate between the effect of acidity on plant growth to that of stress in combinations. We depict it through a cascade of morphological and physiological assays, including growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and photosynthesis-related parameters under acidic and non-acidic rhizospheric conditions in rice seedlings of Disang and Joymati. Up to 31% root length reduction was observed in Joymati, and up to 17% reduction in Disang variety; whereas, root-relative water content was observed to reduce by 3% in Disang and 9% was recorded in Joymati cultivars. Overall, we observed limited effect on morphometric parameters like root length, biomass, and chlorophyll content irrespective of variety analyzed. On the contrary, ROS accumulation was observed to be significantly increased; more in Joymati (sensitive variety) when compared to Disang (tolerant variety). Although there was not much decrease in chlorophyll content, photosynthesis was affected immensely as depicted from chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Hence through this study, we hypothesize that the response of plants to acid stress is rather slow.

In today's competitive and technologically developed era, many retailers have adopted an e-channel to increase sales, in addition to the existing traditional retail channel. Although many researchers studied this issue, there is hardly any research that comprehensively considers the learning-effect and return-policy. Therefore, this research aimed to develop an imperfect production dual-channel supply chain model consisting of a supplier, a manufacturer, and a retailer. The manufacturer also has a refurbishment unit adjacent to its production hub, where it reworks all the defectives. The main objective is to maximize the supply chain profit by considering factors, such as inspection error, return policy, and learning-effect of the employees. Finally, this model is analyzed with the Leader-follower relationship strategy and an integrated approach. The research found that the integrated approach is profitable for the entire supply chain, while commodity prices can be minimized. Sensitivity analysis is also presented in this study.

This article presents a production inventory model for deteriorating goods with two different rates of production. The manufacturer starts manufacturing the items at a lower rate to avoid a huge investment at the initial stage and reduce the products' holding cost. However, when the stock level reaches a prefixed level, he switches on to a higher production rate to avoid shortage caused by an insufficient stock of the items. Moreover, the impact of inflation and the time value of money on the manufacturing system’s cost is considered here, which harms any business by reducing the value of an investment with time. We determined the optimum production times at both the low and high production rates by minimizing the system's total cost. Numerical examples illustrated the applicability of this proposed model. Sensitivity analysis studied the effect of changes in the parameters associated with this model on the optimal decision variables. This numerical experiment was done in LINGO 18.0 software. Results showed that the production strategy taken by the manufacturer helped reduce his total cost.