Search

Mathematical representation is an idea interpretation form of solving mathematical problems. The process of mathematical representation is essential to pay attention to, especially in carrying out transformations between forms of representation, because it impacts the final solution obtained. This study describes the flow of students' thinking in carrying out the transformation process from visual to symbolic representation. This descriptive research was carried out with a qualitative approach. This research phase includes preparing representation tests and interview guidelines, giving tests to 48 students, conducting interviews with selected students based on the accuracy of the mathematical representations produced, and evaluation. The evaluation is carried out by reducing the results of the incorrect representation test, presenting visual and symbolic representation data and the transformation process, and concluding the transformation process. The result of the transformation process from visual to symbolic representation in solving the problem of the area under the curve is carried out with a flow of thought, namely translating the shape of the polygon area into a collection of rectangles, determining the width and length of the partition of the polygon area, and determining the area of the polygon area as a collection of rectangles. In determining the area as a collection of rectangles, there are two different processes, making a mathematical model in the form of sigma notation and addition. This study provides insight into the flow of thinking in changing between forms of mathematical representation in the hope that it can anticipate errors in solving the broad problem under the curve.

Masks are an important part of preventing Covid19 disease.The World Health Organization (WHO) have also recommended the community use masks when doing activities in public areas. There are many types of masks that are used to cover the nose and mouth. In general, there are about 3 types of masks that are commonly used by the public today, namely medical masks, N95 and cloth masks. This study aims to detect the type of mask used by the community. So that it can make easier for the government to apply discipline in COVID-19 health protocol. The detection method used in this study is a convolutional neural network (CNN). The first step is acquisition of knowledge, which first collects the types of masks on the market, followed by the representation of that knowledge before being modeled into a mathematical calculation formula, which will then be processed using the Convolutional Neural Network method. The system will be carried out by analyzing the recall value, its precision and accuracy.Testing process is carried out on an Android-based device and the mobilenetV2 framework. In this study, the accuracy value is 90% using ADAM Optimization and 80 % using Gradient descent optimization., Masker merupakan bagian penting dalam pencegahan penyakit covid19, semua pelayanan publik atau tempat umum mengharuskan masyarakatnya untuk menggunakan masker selama pandemi ini. Tercatat secara umum ada sekitar 3 jenis masker yang umum digunakan oleh masyarakat saat ini yaitu masker bedah/medis, N95 dan masker kain. Jenis masker memiliki kesamaan ciri sehingga sulit mengidentifikasi jenis masker dengan tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi jenis masker yang digunakan oleh masyarakat. Sehingga bisa memberikan kemudahan bagi pemerintah atau instansi dalam menerapkan kedisiplinan dalam menjalankan protokol kesehatan covid19. Metode deteksi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah convolutional neural network(CNN). Algoritma ini merupakan metode deep learning yang mampu mengenali dan mengklasifikasikan suatu objek. Langkah awal penelitian ini adalah akuisi pengetahuan dimana terlebih dahulu mengumpulkan jenis-jenis masker yang ada di pasaran, dilanjutkan representasi pengetahuan tersebut sebelum dimodelkan kedalam rumus perhitungan matematika, yang nantinya akan dilakukan pengolahan dengan metode Convolutional Neural Network. Pada penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode optimasi pada deep learning yakni adam dan Gradient descent. Proses pengujian sistem akan dilakukan dengan menganalisa nilai recall, presisi dan akurasinya. Proses pengujian pada perangkat berbasis android menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java dan framework mobilenetV2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai akurasi sebesar 90 % dengan menggunakan optimasi adam dan 80% menggunakan optimasi gradient descent.

The purpose of this study was to develop valid, practical, and effective learning using the GeoGebra-assisted Contextual Teaching & Learning (CTL) learning model using the Flipped Learning model to improve the mathematical representation abilities of junior high school students. This research is research and development (R&D). This research has five stages: analyzing the developed product, developing the initial product, expert validation and revision, small-scale field trials and product revisions, and testing large-scale field and final products. Based on the results of several studies, including lesson plans and valid textbooks. From the limited test, the ten questions of the representation ability test were also valid and reliable. The lesson plans and textbooks developed are also practical in terms of teachers and students. Moreover, the average value of the mathematical representation in the experimental class is classified as effective in increasing students' mathematical representation ability. That way, the mathematics learning device characterized by GeoGebra assisted CTL using the Flipped Learning model can be said to be valid, practical, and effective.

This study aims to produce SETS-based teaching materials in acid-base concept that can foster students' critical thinking skills and establish their morale. This study is Research and Development (R & D) refers to the Borg and Gall model, which has been modified into five stages; preliminary study, preparation of product draft, validation and revision of product draft, legibility test, and product draft revision. As the instrument, this study was using a questionnaire about resistances and obstacles, observation sheets in learning, interview guidelines, validation sheets of teaching materials draft, and legibility response questionnaires. Data obtained from questionnaires, learning observation sheets, and interview guidelines were analyzed descriptively qualitatively to get the representation of the learning process that has been conducted so far. The validation sheet and legibility response questionnaire were analyzed quantitatively to determine the validity and legibility levels of teaching materials. The results of expert validation show that the developed teaching materials have a direct link between science, the environment, technology and society in solving problems related to daily life and the students as users give positive responses to the developed teaching materials in terms of content, appearance, novelty, problems, direction and work instructions. Thus, teaching materials developed are valid and proper to be used in the learning process

The existence of laboratory activities in or outside the room can facilitate students in visualizing the imagination to be real. This study aims to determine the effect of using practicum methods on the students' representation ability and cognitive learning outcomes on the subject matter Classification of Living Things. This research was conducted at Junior High School 26 Bandar Lampung. The method uses a quasi-experimental method with Pretest-Posttest Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. A random sampling technique took the sample in this study, and the research subject uses class VII A as experiment class and VII B as a control class. The data in this study are quantitative data that were analyzed using the Independent sample t-test. Based on the results of this study, the effect of practicum methods on the students' representation ability is level 1, and 2 before the treatment then increases to levels 3, 4, and 5 after the practicum with the student answers that have made elements representation such as tables, graphs, icons, and images. Therefore, practicum methods can be used by science educators to facilitate students in conceptual understanding by using elements of representation.

The mathematical connection is one of the competencies in NCTM that students need to have. Mathematical connections can help students understand material and mathematical concepts easily. In addition, mathematical connections can help students in solving mathematical problems. Even so, mathematical connection errors are still made by some students. Mathematical connection errors made by students when solving geometry problems, especially about a circle. The purpose of this study is to describe the mathematical connection errors made by students in solving problems adapted from PISA problems focusing on circle material. This research method is descriptive-qualitative. Prospective subjects are 20 of 8th-grade students in one of the junior high schools in Malang who have studied about a circle. Based on the distribution of answers, two subjects were selected in this study. After going through the interview process, the data obtained in the form of work results and interview transcripts. Based on the results of research, mathematical connection errors made by research subjects in the form of not being able to use mathematics in mathematical problems; can't find connections between topics in mathematics; unable to understand the representation of concepts in mathematical problems, and draw relationships between procedures on mathematical problems

The purpose of this research is to analyze the students' mathematical connection ability before and after getting Contextual Teaching and Learning. The subjects were the 26 students of class VIII-A at SMI 1 MANIIS, Purwakarta Regency. The research used the descriptive method with the qualitative approach . The data for the analysis were from the test to student co nsis t of 5 questions with 4 different indicators. The results shows that all students have moderate in mathematical connection ability with the overall results of 65.83%. For the results of each indicator , there is one indicator that has not been met, u nderstanding the equivalent representation from one procedure to another one, or from one concept to another concept. So it can be concluded that the mathematical connection ability in terms of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach has a significant effect.

This study aims to determine the effect of the AIR learning model on students' multi-mathematical representation abilities, student activities and learning motivation. The population of this research is all students of class VIII. Samples were taken by simple random sampling technique. The selected sample consisted of two classes, namely VIIIB as the experimental class and VIIIC as the control class. This research is an experimental research design with Pretest-Postest Control Gruop. The results of the study can be concluded that: (1) There is a difference in the ability of multi mathematical representation of students in the class using the AIR learning model and the class using the direct learning model. (2) The effect of the AIR model is relatively high on the ability of students' multiple mathematical representations; 3) student learning activities as a whole are classified as very active; 4) student motivation is categorized high. Keywords : Auditory Intellectually Repetition, multi representations, student activities, student motivation

The ability to solve mathematical problems is very important in learning math and everyday life. According to Krulik & Rudnick there are 5 stages of problem solving that is Read, Explore, Select A Strategy, Solve And Look Back. Mathematical problems require multiple representational skills to communicate problems, one of which is visual representation. Trigonometry is one of the materials that uses visual representation. This research is a qualitative descriptive research that aims to describe the ability of problem solving mathematics with Krulik & Rudnick stages in terms of visual representation. The study was conducted in MAN 2 Brebes. Determination of Subjects in this study using Purposive Sampling. Research instruments used to obtain the required data are visual representation and problem-solving tests, and interview guidelines. The data obtained were analyzed based on the Krulik & Rudnick problem solving indicator. Subjects in this study were subjects with moderate visual representation. Based on the results, problem solving ability of the subject is not fully fulfilled. Subjects with visual representations are able to do problem solving well that is solving the problem through a concept that is understood without visualization of the image. Subjects with visual representations are having a schematic visual representation type.

The ability of the mathematical representation is the ability to create a model of a problem into a new form of verbal, text, tables, or graphs. The research is a qualitative descriptive study aimed to systematically describe the capabilities of mathematical representation. Data collection techniques in this study conducted using tests such as about the description, the test is given to students of class IX in one of the Junior High School in the city of Cimahi with 37 students. The results showed that the ability of the mathematical representation of students on the material for the indicator congruence and similarity of words or text are at less qualification with the percentage of students' average score of 43%. Indicators visual representation including sufficient qualification with the percentage of students' average score of 60%. On the indicator equations or mathematical expressions including the qualification is very less with the average percentage score of 34.75%. Difficulties faced by students predominantly found in Question 2b, 4b with the kind of test containing indicator words or text and Question 4c with indicators equations or mathematical expressions.

The ability to solve physics problems is one of the goals in learning physics and a part of the current curriculum demands. One of the physics problems that are often the focus of attention in learning is Newton's law of motion. When solving physics problems on Newton's law of motion, students need to utilize various aspects of certain abilities and rules. The purpose of this study was to reveal how the students utilized aspects of the abilities and rules in problem-solving. The study was conducted by providing physics problems on Newton's law of motion to 105 high school students. The result showed that most students were able to write equations, solutions, and system of units correctly for each problem. However, students’ ability to determine the coordinate axes, depicts free-body diagrams, forces representation, and determine the resultant forces and direction of motion was unsatisfactory. Students tended to refer to the mathematical formulations in solving the problems. Therefore, physics learning that requires students to actively learn collaboratively, peer instruction, and procedural thinking can be used as an alternative learning strategy to overcome said problems.

Word problems solving involves the ability of translating and integrating word problem text. Many students get the difficulty in solving word problem due to their inability to translate and integrate word problem text into an exact representation. Representation is divided into two types namely, pictorial representation and schematic representation. This study aims at describing representation process employed by the 10th grade of High School students on word problem solving of inconsistent comparison. This research was done to 5 students and in this article have 3 subjects. The results of this study infine other representation. There are three mathematical representation of students in solving word problems comparison inconsistent: (1) pictorial representations, (2) schematic representation, and (3) pictorial-schematic representation.

This study proposes a way to involve technology in the area of teaching mathematics. The technology tool is Geogebra4, which is computer software in the teaching and learning mathematics. This technology emphasizes on the use of multiple representations of mathematical concepts by computer software. The objective is to make students consider the representation of mathematical concepts and help them to enjoy studying mathematics. From that thought, hopefully student understanding will improve and their mathematical achievement will increase. The result of this study is five lesson plans for teaching and learning integral using Geogebra