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This article is to clarify with respect to the confusion regarding the hemp crop being equated with marijuana in legal policy in Japan. This confusion caused hemp to limit its use and production in Japan as stipulated in the Taima Torishimari Hou (Cannabis Control Act) of 1948. Specifically, there are many differences between hemp and cannabis crops while both come from the same cannabis family. Several aspects of confusion in hemp plants are discussed in terms of history and culture in Japanese society, confusion in cannabis family in terms of botany and tree anatomy in brief, chemicals in hemp and cannabis plants as well as in terms of terminology in different Japanese and giving different meanings. This is because there are strict rules to farmers who grow hemp to be made into fiber by the Japanese government when the Japanese government thinks that hemp crops are just as dangerous as marijuana which is categorized as a drug. This study conducted a qualitative method of primary and secondary source analysis to explain the confusion and challenges of hemp crops in Japan. This study finds that the existing confusion exists Japan misses a huge opportunity to commercialize this crop and in turn has huge potential in the economy. In this regard, at present there are NGOs that strive to give awareness to the people on the use of hemp crops as well as urge the government to choose to legalize this crop without having to discriminate against farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]