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Water pollution has emerged as a significant worldwide issue, with organic pollutants being a key contributor. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has demonstrated promising photocatalytic performance in removing organic pollutants under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. However, the wide band gap (3.2 eV) of TiO2 results in low absorption capacity of visible light, hindering its overall efficiency in degrading organic pollutants. To address the limitation, this research aimed to synthesize visible light-driven TiO2 photocatalyst with different polymorphs (anatase and rutile) and investigate the effect of various doping combination (Nb, B and Nb,B) and concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mol%) on the photodegradation efficiency towards methylene blue (MB) dye solution. Anatase phase was obtained when TiO2-based nanopowders were calcined at 400 °C, while the rutile phase was formed at 900 °C based on XRD analyses. Additionally, the morphology analyses revealed that the particle size of anatase is much smaller than that of rutile. The presence of dopants further reduced the particle size of both anatase and rutile phases. Based on UV-Vis absorbance spectra analyses, the anatase Nb,B-TiO2 with 0.50 mol% of dopant concentration exhibited the best photocatalytic performance towards MB. Moreover, the anatse phase of 0.50 mol% Nb,B-TiO2 showed the narrowest band gap of 2.74 eV compared to the TiO2 (3.4 eV), representing a reduction of 19.41 %, according to UV-Vis analyses. These outcomes suggest the potential application of anatase phase of 0.50 mol% Nb,B-TiO2 in treating organic pollutants in wastewater under visible light conditions in future. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

The motivation behind language learning, particularly in English as a Foreign Language (EFL), has garnered significant attention in China's second language acquisition landscape as a minority language. While extensive research has been conducted over the last few decades exploring motivation factors across various educational stages, such as early childhood, primary, junior high, and high school education, there remains a notable gap concerning the motivation of Chinese learners in high school, particularly in the realm of critical reading. This study addresses this gap through a qualitative case study, aiming to uncover the impact of learning experiences on the motivation of three Chinese ethnic students in senior high school. These students navigate a complex linguistic landscape, proficient in their mother tongue, Mandarin, and concurrently learning English as a foreign language. The intricacies of their social and cultural exposure contribute to the complexity of their English learning journey. Semi-structured interviews with the three participants shed light on the intricacies of their English learning motivation, revealing a predominant focus on examination-driven incentives. The study identifies significant influencers on motivation, including teachers' teaching styles, peers' attitudes toward English, and the overall learning atmosphere in the class. These findings affect educational policy-making and English instruction, particularly in Chinese ethnic regions. With the multifaceted nature of motivation in these specific contexts, educators and policymakers can tailor strategies that address the unique challenges faced by Chinese ethnic learners in high school, emphasizing the importance of a holistic and supportive language learning environment.

This article delves into the investigation of journalists' competence in Riau Province, specifically examining their proficiency in writing news for online media. Adopting a pluralistic approach to languages, the study places a strong emphasis on understanding the interconnections between language and various facets of human life, such as culture, cognition, and society. The research extensively explores the entire journalistic process, encompassing information gathering and news composition, with a specific focus on the significance of proficient Indonesian usage. Proficient language use is deemed crucial for effectively conveying information and upholding journalistic standards. Employing a qualitative approach, the study conducts in-depth interviews with six experienced journalists from diverse online media outlets in Riau. Findings underscore the existing usage of Indonesian by journalists in the region but reveal opportunities for further optimization. Aligning Indonesian with journalistic concepts is identified as crucial for creating impactful and enjoyable news content. The research highlights a competence gap in news writing using Indonesian, underscoring the imperative need for enhancement. Despite this, regional languages are recognized for their supportive role in aiding journalists during fieldwork, presenting both challenges and opportunities that call for a nuanced approach. The limited optimization of Indonesian language use in news writing prompts a call for additional training and development to refine journalists' competencies. While challenges exist, strategically incorporating regional languages is recognized as a potential benefit. This research provides valuable insights, serving as a foundation for enhancing the Indonesian language skills of online media journalists in Riau, ultimately contributing to the overall quality and impact of news dissemination in the region.

Nestlé is one of the largest food companies in the world, with a presence in 191 countries and solid loyal customers. Nevertheless, a big organization like this cannot escape adverse ethical behavior in their company. Business ethics is the study of an organization’s corporate governance and initiatives related to corporate social responsibility. Businesses are morally obligated to give the public, stakeholders, customers, and the government the real worth of their money. Every firm engages in unethical practices for personal gain. This study aims to determine whether Nestlé will be able to survive in the long run if it is involved in unethical practices. Furthermore, this study intends to determine whether their involvement affects the customer’s purchase intention to buy their product. An online survey has been conducted to gather more information and provide evidence to support the conclusions. One hundred respondents from Malaysia, Indonesia, and India participated in this study. The analysis demonstrated that brand awareness, business ethics, and business ethics impact the intention of customers to buy Nestlé products. This study offers insightful information about how consumers view Nestlé, which could help them increase consumer trust in their brand.

Introduction: Perceived susceptibility to diseases influences intentions to undertake health protective measures. Methods: The study investigated perceived susceptibility of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) among Malaysians, focusing on their expressions of disease susceptibility before and after reading an NPC health pamphlet. Method: A total of 65 participants in Kuching and Kota Samarahan, Malaysia, aged 13 to 65, were interviewed on their perceptions of their risk of getting NPC. Results: The thematic analysis of the interviews revealed several levels of perceived susceptibility to NPC, namely, 1) not susceptible to NPC, 2) may be susceptible to NPC, 3) susceptible to NPC, and 4) not knowing much about susceptibility to NPC. The expressions the participants used revolved around “living a healthy life”, “second-hand smoker”, “polluted air” and “eat preserved or salted food”, indicating perceived risk factors of NPC. Conclusion: Some mentioned family history and ethnic background as risk factors. After reading the NPC pamphlet, the participants gave the same reasons but with more specific details on the symptoms and types of food associated with NPC. The study indicated that the NPC pamphlet can increase awareness of NPC because additional reasons given for NPC susceptibility after reading the pamphlet were signs of cancer, age, and NPC incidence in Malaysia.

Due to its significance, character education implementation at Indonesian educational institutions including the Indonesian Islamic Boarding School (pesantren) is compulsory. However, the quality of its implementation within pesantren needs to be developed. This research was conducted to investigate the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in the character education process as an endeavour to create Indonesian good citizens. To achieve the research objectives, a qualitative case study design at PesantrenGontor was employed. The research found that the process of character education at this pesantren is based on the core values of Gontor. There are some core characters inculcated at Gontor comprising sincerity, simplicity, self-reliance, care, freedom, religiousness, tolerance, discipline, and responsibility. Those characters are inculcated through the dynamic totality of campus life which contains a wide range of activities aimed at creating good citizens for Indonesia. The methods of character education are role model, creating a conducive milieu, directing, giving assignments, habituation, instruction, and training. Those methods are underpinned by the implementation of the basic concept of TQM that emphasises customer satisfaction which is limited by Gontor values. Based on the research findings, pesantren-based character education which is underpinned by TQM could be adopted by other models of educational institutions.

A new six coordinated tetra-nuclear macrocyclic Zn(II) complex, ZnL4(Phen)2 (1) (HL= 3-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde-pyridine-2-carbohydrazone, Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) has been synthesized by the self-assembly of 3-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde-pyridine-2-carbohydrazone, Zn(CH3COO)2•2H2O, NaOH and 1,10-phenanthroline in water/ethanol (v:v = 1:3) solution. Complex 1 was characterized by elemental analysis, infra red (IR), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results show that Zn1 and Zn1b ions are six-coordinated with a distorted octahedral geometric configuration by four O atoms of two different L ligands and two N atoms of two different L ligands, Zn1a and Zn1c ions are also six-coordinated with a distorted octahedral geometric configuration by two N atoms of two different L ligands, two N atoms of Phen ligands and two O atoms of two different L ligands. Complex (1) forms 3D network structure by the - interaction. The selective oxidation reactions of benzyl alcohols catalyzed by complex (1) was investigated. The highest benzyl alcohol conversion and benzaldehyde selectivity were obtained at 100 °C for 4 h under 5 bar of O2. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

With the current growth of the internet, there are signs of e-commerce in Malaysia growing and booming, such as Lazada, Mudah.my, Shopee, and others. Malaysians have been increasingly reliant on the internet to obtain product details and to make purchases. This motivates e-commerce entrepreneurs to devise a new strategy for increasing sales by increasing the rate of online impulse purchases among visitors to online shopping platforms. The aim of this research is to look into the connection between key-driven and online impulse buying. The aim of this research is to create a framework that represents the main drivers of online impulse buying among Malaysian public universities. The study also addresses empirical results from a 303-respondent online survey conducted with SPSS version 22.0 and Smart-PLS version 3.0. The research paradigm is focused on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) Model, which includes online impulse buying as a dependent variable and three independent variables (Flow Experience, Perceived Usefulness, and Trust). Non-probability methods, judgement sampling, and convenience sampling were used to select respondents in this research, who ranged in age from 19 to over 30 years old and were university students in Malaysia. In addition, this research paves the way for future studies by identifying relevant online purchase platform providers and product categories to conduct a new study.

This study examines the role of aggressive investing strategy on firm performance for a sample of 514 listed firms in Malaysia from 2010 to 2017. In our first objective, we investigate the investing activism effect on firm performance by simultaneously controlling the firm characteristics and industry in our model. Our second objective is to test whether aggressive investing activism affects firm performance. Lastly, we want to investigate whether this aggressive investing may produce a different result with different measures of performance. Our findings show that investment has significant effects on firm performance. Our research further indicates that companies with aggressive investing strategies had better firm performance than compared to its peers. We test this theory using three different measures of aggressive investing strategies and substantiate this conclusion. Our research confirms the resource-based view theory and empirically proves that aggressive investments would result in better firm performance.

This study aims to determine the factors influenced online job search among millennial stu-dents in Malaysia Technical University Network (MTUN). A total of 300 university students through on-oneself-reported questionnaires were collected from four MTUN namely Uni-versiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Univer-siti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) and Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP). This study performs descriptive analysis, reliability testing, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis by using IBM-SPSS software version 22. The results indicate that factors such as user-perception, social networking sites, and smartphone technology are significantly related to the online job search enhancement. Amongst these three factors, user perception appears to be the strongest predictor toward online job search enhancement. This study concludes that besides consideration of the identified factors which lead to the successful adoption of online job search, effortless and interactive online job search websites in creating a convenient and favorable job search environment would be able to increase the use of online job search.