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This article defines professionalism relevant to the medical profession and the trend towards deprofessionalization in medicine. Subsequently humanitarianism is described, followed by the nature and causes of dehumanization in medicine. Rehmnanizing efforts are expected to be enhanced by certain on-going trends in the society.The author further presents the issue of human rights, both natural and cultural, and their relation to the right to health care, whence patient rights developed. In this connection the problem of justice in the allocatiOn of health resources is encountered.Private medical practice in itself does not interfere with either professionalism or humanitarianism as long as distributive justice and patient rights arc observed.Lastly, potential future problems related to medical professionalism and humanitarianism are brought into focus, such as the growing urban slums, rural poverty, and opportunity for practice and employment. It is emphatically noted that sporadic medical interventions among underserviced communities are not effective, except from the vantage point of publicity.Key Words: medical professionalism - patient rights - justice in medicine 7 dehumanization - private practice

Karangan ini memberi pandangan bioanthropologis tentang dampak sosial bioteknologi medis. Dimulai dengan definisi bioteknologi dalam arti luas dan sempit, lalu diteruskan dengan tinjauan tentangcara, balk yang modern maupun yang tradisional, kemudian diakhiri dengan uraian tentang dampak biososial, ekologis, evolusioner, demografis, ekonornis, politis, militer, hukum, sosiokultural dan agama, yangdapat men imbulkan perubahan-perubahan mendasar4alam masyarakat dunia.Di antara cara-cara bioteknologi yang disinggung adalah eufenetika, eugenetika, transplantasi dan substitusi organ, genoteknologi dan teknologi reproduksi. Ke dalam yang terakhir termasuk peijodohan terpimpin, pengendalian pembuahan, pembuahan anumerta, dan in vitro, fusi embryo dan pencangkokan nukleus, hybridisasi sel dan klonasi. Di antara cara-cara tradisional dikemukakan system Itasca, pengebirian, pengguguran, infantisida, perjodohan terpimpin dan manipulasi lingkungan.Diingatkan tentang dampak negatif yang merugikan manusia dan ekos-ystemnya, karena alchimya aspekteknologis kehidupan tidal( dapat di pisah kan dari aspek-aspek politis,sosial dan ethis.Key Words: biotechnology - euphenics - eugenics - reproductive technology -- guided mating