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The problem of organic waste can be solved by applying circular economy principles, namely in waste management using black soldier fly (BSF) maggots. These larvae can decompose organic waste into compost that can be used in agricultural activities. The results of adult larvae can be used as feed in livestock and fish because they contain high protein. The objectives of this study are (1) to identify the amount of organic waste absorption with BSF larval farming business, (2) to analyze the financial feasibility of cultivation in BSF Maggot Cultivation business units in Balaraja and in Tunas, (3) to analyze business efficiency in animal husbandry and fisheries through a circular economy system in the use of BSF larval feed. The research used descriptive-quantitative analysis, financial feasibility analysis, and business efficiency analysis. The results showed that the amount of waste absorption from larval farming business activities reached 430.7 tons/year, with the total land area needed for cultivation being 137,855 m2. The results of the business financial feasibility study show that the Tunas and Balaraja Units are feasible because they have met the eligibility criteria for NPV > 0, Net B/C > 1, IRR > interest rate, and PP > the life of the project. Business efficiency proves that fisheries and livestock business activities integrated into BSF larval cultivation are more efficient in spending on the cost of commercial feed used and provide higher profits in their businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pelatihan Solid State Fermentation (SSF) dedak untuk Menghasilkan Larva atau Belatung Lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermetia illucens) atau Black Soldier Fly (BSF) sebagai Pakan Unggas Alternatif di Desa Wonua, Kecamatan Konda, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia telah dilakukan. Belatung BSF ini mengandung protein tingkat tinggi untuk pakan ternak. Dan desa Wonua ini adalah desa pertama di Sulawesi Tenggara yang telah diperkenalkan untuk menyediakan pakan unggas alternatif ini. Mayoritas masyarakatnya adalah petani dan sebagian merangkap sebagai peternak sapi dan unggas. Dengan ini, diharapkan bahwa produksi belatung dari BSF dapat menjadi populer dan menyebar di Sulawesi Tenggara (setidaknya tidak terlambat jika dibandingkan dengan popularitasnya di Jawa yang telah lebih dulu menarik perhatian banyak petani). Dalam kegiatan ini, kami memberikan bantuan teknis dan pelatihan tentang cara menghasilkan belatung BSF menggunakan dedak sebagai media untuk pertumbuhannya. Target keluaran yang dicapai adalah kemampuan petani tentang cara membiakkan dan memproduksi belatung secara mandiri. Selain itu, diharapkan para petani dapat membagikan pengetahuan ini yang tidak terbatas pada petani lain dari desa ini dan tidak memiliki kesempatan untuk mengikuti pelatihan ini tetapi juga kepada petani – petani dari desa-desa sekitarnya. Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengukur target output adalah jumlah peserta pelatihan dan pendampingan aktif, jumlah petani yang mampu menghasilkan belatung secara mandiri.

Potential of Maggot (Black Soldier Fly) as Animal Feed in Miri Village Kismantoro Wonogiri. Cultivation of chicken and catfish was a field of business that was mostly carried out by residents of Miri Village, Kismantoro District, Wonogiri Regency. The high component of feed costs results in low profits. So far, farmers still rely on pellets as the main feed for their livestock. Alternative feeds in the form of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae or maggot were well known to residents, but only a few residents had ever used maggot as feed. Residents had never received education and training on maggot cultivation. This activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of Miri Village residents in maggot cultivation, the dependence of farmers on artificial feed can be reduced and replaced with feed from maggot cultivation. Activities carried out in the service consist of socialization and training on maggot cultivation. The socialization was in the form of exposure to the benefits and propagation of maggots, while the training materials were the practice of catching eggs, maintaining maggots, and harvesting maggots. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge regarding maggot cultivation by 21.32%. The participants also showed interest in carrying out practical activities. The benefits of BSF cultivation include reducing household waste, producing maggots as animal feed, and producing organic fertilizer.

One of the recent organic waste management programs actively developed is organic waste bioconversion by using larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus)). However, one major challenge in organic waste management in Indonesia is the limited space to manage the wastes at waste collection centers. This condition increases the number of wastes to be converted (consumed) by larvae of soldier fly. In this study, the condition was imitated in the laboratory where larvae were individually fed with a large number of wastes. Larvae were divided into 4 groups and were fed with 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/larva/day of rotten vegetable waste (Pakcoy) and were replicated 3 times. Variables observed during the study were the growth rate, consumption capability, level of waste reduction (waste reduction index, WRI), consumption efficiency (efficiency of conversion of digested-feed, ECD), the weight of harvested biomass, and protein content of larvae, pupae, and adults. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between the weight of harvested biomass and the amount of substrate provided to larvae (one-way ANOVA, P > 0.05). The increasing amount of substrate reduced the efficiency of waste reduction and consumption (one-way ANOVA, P < 0.05). This study also showed that the possible upper limit of consumption capability of larvae was 400 mg/larva/day. On the other hand, the increasing amount of substrate increased the protein content of biomass of each developmental stage.

Waste becomes a problems if not managed properly, moreover comes from market activities whose are always there every day. Youth of Al Hilal live near "Pasar Manis" in Ciamis District, West Java, which some of the members do not have jobs. One of the activities in an effort to bring income is to cultivate the BSF (Black Soldier Fly), as a new breakthrough in providing cheap protein sources for animal feed and fish. This community service activity aims to provide education and management services for BSF cultivation in order to be able to utilize the economic potential of organic waste management and cultivation results. The method of activity is in the form of community education and BSF cultivation iptek with 34 participants. Generally, the results provide a new alternative to get income and improve skills in BSF cultivation so that is better in its management. Then an increase in understanding of the prospects, economic, social and environmental benefits so that it becomes an alternative solution in obtaining income and reducing the problem of organic waste in the surrounding area. The response of activities obtained by 88.2% greatly increases knowledge; 8.8% enough to add knowledge; and 2.9% are mediocre.

This study was conducted to compare the effects of dietary substitution of fish meal (FM) with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSFM) and Manihot esculenta leaves meal (MEM) on the growth and feed efficiency of Oreochromis sp. Four concentrations viz: P1 (25%): 50g BSFM and 25g MEM, P2 (50%): 100g BSFM and 50g MEM, P3 (75%): 150g BSFM and 75g MEM, P4 (100%): 200g BSFM and 100g MEM were prepared and tested against control without FM replacement. Each diet was fed to three replicates groups of fish at a rate of 5% of body weight two times per day for 30 days. At the end of the trial, growth parameters, Feed conversion rate (FCR), and feed efficiency (FE) were evaluated. The results showed that fish fed dietary substitution of FM with combination ratio of BSFM and MEM higher than 50% significantly improved all growth parameters, FCR and FE. It is therefore suggested that the partial (higher than 50%) or total replacement of fish meal with combination of BSFM and MEM in the diet of Oreochromis sp can be used as fish meal substitution to obtain better growth and feed efficiency.

Seiring dengan berkembangnya industri tuna, limbah pengolahan yang dihasilkan semakin meningkat. Namun demikian pemanfaatan limbah tersebut belum optimal. Biokonversi bahan organik limbah tuna menjadi biomassa larva sebagai bahan pakan diharapkan mampu mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Biokonversi menggunakan larva Hermetia illucens atau Black Soldier Fly (BSF) memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan proses konversi lain; di antaranya larva BSF mampu mengkonversi berbagai macam bahan organik, memiliki kandungan nutrisi tinggi serta bukan vektor penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mempelajari laju umpan larva BSF dalam mengkonversi limbah tuna menjadi biomassa larva. Limbah tuna yang digunakan sebagai umpan larva BSF adalah kepala dan jeroan. Larva dipelihara selama 19 hari dengan pemberian umpan bervariasi (60, 80, 100 mg/larva/hari). Analisa dilakukan terhadap konsumsi umpan, indeks pengurangan limbah (waste reduction index/WRI), efisiensi konversi umpan tercerna (efficiency of conversion of digested-feed/ECD), tingkat kelulusan hidup (survival rates /SR), bobot larva, kandungan protein dan lemak larva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepala dan jeroan tuna dapat digunakan sebagai pakan BSF, dengan nilai SR 41,33 – 98,33%. Laju umpan yang menghasilkan proses biokonversi paling optimum adalah umpan berupa kepala tuna sebesar 60 mg/larva/hari (K60). Nilai parameter pada perlakuan K60 adalah konsumsi umpan 77,09 %, WRI 4,06 % per hari, ECD 8,32 %, bobot larva 72,59 mg dan SR 98,33 %. Limbah berupa kepala tuna menghasilkan konsumsi umpan, WRI, ECD, bobot larva dan SR yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan limbah jeroan tuna. Penggunaan limbah kepala tuna dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mereduksi limbah sekaligus menghasilkan bahan pakan yang potensial. Kandungan larva BSF dengan umpan kepala tuna 60 mg/larva/hari meliputi protein 25,38 %, lemak 6,85 % dan air 62,81 %.

Insect larvae, such as black soldier fly larvae (BSFL: Hermetia illucens) are currently being considered as an alternative source of protein for poultry and aquaculture industry while in the same time apply as agent to manage organic wastes. In order to achieve both roles it is necessary to develop an appropriate farming methodology and understand the impact of different feeding source for the insect production. The study explored the effect of three local plant based organic wastes as feedstocks to growth of the black soldier fly larvae. Separate feeding trials on horse manure (HM), vegetable wastes (VW), and tofu dreg (TD) was done and their effect on BSF larvae growth rate, larvae weight and total prepupal yield in grams content analysed. The efficiency of the BSF larvae to consume and ability to reduce the waste load of the different substrates was also evaluated. The result showed all materials suitable as feeding material for black soldier fly. Difference on physical properties and chemical content affected the development time, harvested biomass, efficiency of digestivity, and efficiency of biomass production which is unique for each type of waste. This study provide base line information for future development of plant based organic waste management.

Hermetia illucens, is used as a reducing agent of palm kernel meal (PKM), as well as one of alternative protein sources for aquaculture purposes. Information about biology of H. illucens is absolutely required in mass production. The objectives of these researches were to study the development of H. illucens including the effect of supplementary food to the adult, and nutrient content of the immature stage. The sample of 20 larvae from each 3 replicates were measured and weighed on 0-19th day (larva) and 24th day (pupa) from egg hatching. H. illucens adults were fed by water and honey 5% (v/v). Eggs were collected and counted. Nutrient content of immature stage: 5, 10, 15, 20 days old (larvae), and 25 days old (prepupae) reared on PKM were analyzed proximately. Dry matter was determined by weight loss on drying at 105 oC during overnight. Crude protein was determined by Kjeldahl procedure (N x 6.25), crude fat by soxhlet (ether extract), crude ash by determining the residue after heating at 550 oC for 4–5 h. Data were analyzed descriptively by average from triplicate. The development of H. illucens was shorter than those in previous studies as the differences of abiotical factor. PKM was a suitable medium for development. It was better, however, to fed the adult with honey since it could enhance the fecundity. The young larva certainly contained the best quality of nutrition. To meet the quantity of mass production, however, the use of the elder larva (bigger) was suggested.

Larvae of Hermetia illucens fly (Linnaeus) is an important source of alternative protein and can be used as pellets for feeds. Currently the production of H. illucens larvae is still limited because its rearing depends on palm kernel meal. The objective of the research is to explore alternative media for rearing, i.e. using loading ramp waste from crude palm oil factory. The study was conducted using physical-chemical analysis of the media. Evaluation of potential rearing media of loading ramp was done by studying the suitability of loading ramp fermented by EM4®, rumen microbes, and organic liquid fertilizer and without fermentation. Treatment media was develop with an enrichment ratio of 1 : 0.25, 1 : 05, and 1 : 1 (v/v) for bran and husk, and 1.25, 2.5, and 5% (w/w) for coconut sugar. Each experiment was arranged in complete randomized design using 20 larva of the 2nd instar. Larvas were incubated in plastic with tube with diameter of 10 cm and 20 cm in height containing of media 300 g. Response differences in growth and mortality were analyzed by ANOVA and least significant differences test at 0.05 levels. Preference and analysis suitability of the media were conducted using material enrichment. Results show that the loading ramp waste contain 9.80% protein and 10.32% fat. Although the media are could support growth and development of the larvae at different degree, media from waste fermentation POC loading ramp with bran enrichment 1 : 0.5 (v/v) is the best media for rearing larva.