Search

Controlled/slow-release fertilizers (CSRF) continue to be developed because of the need to increase agricultural productivity and reduce the economic, social, and environmental impacts of conventional fertilizers leaching into nature. Additionally, the use of biodegradable polymers as CSRF materials continues to be a priority in CSRF development. Therefore, this review synthesizes the current research on lignin- and polysaccharide-based CSRFs and emphasize their compatibility and performance in agricultural applications. Lignin, an abundant and renewable biopolymer, was evaluated for its effectiveness as a slow-release agent in CSRF. Studies have demonstrated the potential of lignin to improve nutrient release profiles and environmental sustainability when used alone or in combination with other polymers. Polysaccharides, which are known for their biocompatibility and biodegradability, have also been explored. The incorporation of lignin into polysaccharide-based CSRFs has been highlighted, particularly in starch, cellulose, chitosan, and sodium alginate matrices. These composites offer improved mechanical properties, controlled nutrient release, and enhanced soil water retention. The challenges and future directions regarding lignin- and polysaccharide-based CSRF are also reviewed. These findings underscore the importance of developing sustainable fertilizer technologies to meet future food demands while mitigating environmental impacts.

Purpose– This study aims to investigate social media marketing activities and electronic word of mouth (EWOM) on consumer behavior (purchase intention and loyalty intention) through quality relationships. Methodology – This study used a quantitative approach, where the source of data used was primary data in the form of questionnaires. The distribution of questionnaires is carried out online. Respondents in this study amounted to 108 respondents, where respondents were individuals who had shopped using social media. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The analytical tool used is the structural equation model, and is tested using PLS-SEM. Findings – This research shows that social media activities have an effect on relationship quality, but electronic word of mouth has no effect. In addition, the results of this study show that relationship quality mediates the influence of social media activities and EWOM on customer behavior (purchase intention and loyalty intention). Originality/Novelty – The findings of this study can provide a reference for the Company to carry out social media marketing and EWOM activities intensely in order to improve the quality of the relationship between producers and consumers, which in turn will increase consumer buying interest. Implications – The practical implication of this research is that companies can be more intense in carrying out activities with social media. This is because doing so can improve

Panancangan Village is located in Cibadak Sub-District, Lebak District, Banten Province. Several village residents had professions as oyster mushroom farmers and the results of cultivating these mushrooms could provide residents with an income of IDR 11,000 per kilo. During initial observations, the community empowerment team found that there were two main problems. The first was environmental problem. The environment around the village office looked barren and the air around the village feels very hot during the day. The second was social problem. Lack of residents’ skills and knowledge in the fields of mushroom management and food packaging, product marketing, and entrepreneurship, causes farmers to only sell their mushrooms in raw form. The objectives of this community service are providing education to village residents to increase environmental conservation awareness and increasing social development through training and education. Method used is through training both non-practical and practical training in plant cultivation and oyster mushroom management, food packaging, marketing, and entrepreneurship. The evaluation results showed that the training was effective and provided positive benefits for environmental and social improvements.

Penelitian ini mengkaji pembingkaian yang dilakukan Podcast Senja Bersuara di platform Spotify dalam Episode 104: Self-Compassion. Podcast Senja Bersuara merilis suara dan narasi yang mensugestikan pendengarnya untuk mampu memaafkan diri sendiri usai melakukan kesalahan atau mengalami kegagalan (Self Compassion). Kurangnya membangun Self-Compassion dapat menimbulkan emosi negatif yang berlebihan pada seseorang. Seseorang yang selalu mencari cara untuk keluar dari situasi tidak nyaman tersebut, salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan media baru seperti Podcast di platform Spotify yang memiliki beragam konten pengembangan diri dan psikologi. Menariknya, Podcast Senja Bersuara mencoba membingkai Self Compassion menjadi kompetensi yang penting bagi pendengarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pisau analisis framing Robert N. Entman yang mengelaborasikan define problem, diagnose cause, Make moral judgement dan treatment recommendation. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Podcast Senja Bersuara dapat membingkai permasalahan dan menonjolkan bahwa dengan hadirnya Self compassion pada diri seseorang yang telah melakukan kesalahan atau kelalaian itu penting, karena dengan memaafkan diri sendiri (self-compassion) seseorang dapat menyeimbangkan emosional negatif dan positifnya untuk menyikapi kesalahan itu dan bisa menjadikan kesalahan atau kelalaian itu pembelajaran dan dapat melanjutkan aktivitas tanpa di pengaruhi rasa bersalah lagi.

This article aims to discover and understand the reasoning behind actor noncompliance with international agreements. In this case, the Government of South Sudan is not in compliance with international igreements relating to the involvement of child soldiers in the armed forces. International agreements seek to bind members to rules agreed upon by each party. This article discusses the R-ARCSS Agreement, signed by the two parties who previously clashed in the civil war in South Sudan and mediated by the UN and IGAD. This research examines the regulations that South Sudan does not comply with, especially regarding the involvement of child soldiers in the armed forces. The research question for this article is, "Why does South Sudan continue to recruit child soldiers despite having signed the R-ARCSS agreement?" This research uses qualitative methods with a noncompliance theory approach, where three variables illustrate the reasoning for South Sudan’s noncompliance with international agreements, as seen from the unclear provisions in the agreements. These give rise to multiple interpretations (ambiguity), the existence of limited capacity to comply with rules or regulations (capacity limitations), and changes in domestic conditions (temporal dimensions). Keywords: International Agreement, Child Soldiers, Armed Force, South Sudan, Non-compliance Theory

Masalah gizi pada mahasiswa dapat berdampak pada berbagai masalah kesehatan seperti risiko penyakit degeneratif, masalah psikososial, dan performa akademik. Indonesia dan Malaysia merupakan negara berkembang dengan double burden malnutrition, sehingga dibutuhkan upaya preventif terhadap masalah gizi pada mahasiswa melalui pemberian edukasi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa mengenai masalah gizi dan solusinya sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan psikososial mahasiswa. Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan dengan materi mengenai isu masalah gizi yang sering terjadi pada mahasiswa secara hybrid menggunakan metode ceramah. Pemberian edukasi melibatkan 423 mahasiswa Indonesia dan Malaysia. Hasil evaluasi melalui pre dan post-test menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 45,9% (pre-test 36,6 dan post-test 53,4). Pemberian edukasi ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa mengenai masalah gizi, sehingga diharapkan mahasiswa dapat memperbaiki pola makan dan pola hidup agar dapat terhindar dari masalah gizi tersebut.

Integral calculus is an important course, but it often becomes a problematic phenomenon for students, even in collaborative learning settings. Various types of research have been conducted to examine this phenomenon, one of which is phenomenology. The purpose of this study is to analyze the experiences of students in collaborative integral calculus courses. The study involved two program chairs, two lecturers, and nineteen prospective mathematics teachers from programs in Indramayu and Mataram, Indonesia. The main instrument in this study was the researcher, supported by additional tools such as program observation sheets, lecturer interview guides, and student questionnaires. The research data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed several challenges in the course, such as students' lack of readiness for online learning and visualization, the short duration of discussion videos that were not yet linked to real-world contexts, and unstable internet connections. Although the outcomes of collaborative learning have not surpassed those of conventional methods, there are several advantages, such as students being able to replay discussion videos and gain new peers. This study recommends that collaborative learning should utilize virtual reality based on ethnomathematics, increase the number of discussion videos, and strengthen students' prerequisite knowledge to better meet the needs in integral calculus courses.

The dimension of the audit committee influences effective corporate management and can control risks arising from uncertainty, playing a vital role in enhancing a company's value. This research aims to examine the impact of Corporate Governance and Risk Management on the value of banking companies in two ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia and Malaysia, by collecting data from 41 Indonesian banks and 10 banks in Malaysia using a purposive sampling method, as well as utilizing secondary data from both the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Malaysian Stock Exchange spanning 2019 through 2022. Data processing involved multiple regression analysis and Eviews 9. The research findings indicate that the size of LNBDSIZE and AGE has a positive impact, BDINDEP, BLAU, OWNC, ACS, and LNSIZE have no significant effect, while LVG has a negative impact. This study benefits financial managers in understanding the factors influencing the value of companies in the banking industry, namely Corporate Governance and Risk Management. Investors can gain insights into the factors affecting company valuation and identify potential risks as a basis for selecting investments in companies with sound financial ratios and risk management.

Diabetes According to WHO (2016) is a serious chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The high cost of treating DM patients is reaching USD 1,500 to 9,000 in developing countries. The difference in costs for oral antidiabetics and the high cost analysis method. This study aims to determine the minimum cost between metformin 500 mg and acarbose 100 mg drugs in Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin in adult patients. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional design based on medical records and detail of patient costs in January-December 2022. The number of sample in this study were 39 patients. The statistic analysis used in study is the Mann-Whitney test and the Independent T-Test. The result of the analysis of cost minimization based on the average total cost of therapy are Rp 419,560 for metformin 500ng and Rp 680,922 for acarbose 100 mg with a probability value > 0.05 for the cost of co morbidities which means that there is no significant difference between the two drugs. Probability value < 0.05 for antidiabetic oral drug costs, lab costs and total therapy costs which means the there is a significant difference between the two drugs. Conclusion in this study is aral antidiabetic therapy for minimal diabetes mellitus is metformin compared to acarbose.

Background: Adamantiades–Behçet is a genetically determined disorder with a probable environmental triggering factor and is an inflammatory disease representing vasculitis. Chronic relapsing progressive course, Dapson prevents problems in other organs. Case Report: A 31-year-old woman with chief complaints of a progressive painful ulcer on her genitalia in the last month, covered by pus and with a bad odor, and also recurrent tongue sores that healed spontaneously. Multiple partner sexual intercourse, joint pain, and an eye complaint were denied. Her husband has no history of previous sexually transmitted diseases. The labia majora region showed a solitary ulcer, sharply marginated, and covered with pus. The Haemophilus ducreyi, pathergy, VDRL, TPHA, and rapid test HIV all came back negative. Enterococcus faecalis, found in bacterial culture, is sensitive to Penicillin and glycopeptide. Histopathologically recited vasculitis with thrombus in the blood vessel marks Behcet disease. The patient was given Mefenamic Acid (3x500mg), doxycicline (2x100 mg), and a wet dressing. The ulcer decreased in size after 3 weeks of treatment. Discussion: Adamantiades-Behçett disease is characterized by chronic, recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, skin lesions, ocular lesions, and arthritis or arthropathy. Viral and bacterial infections have been implicated in initiating immunopathologic pathways. The pathergy test is pathognomonic, but it is not specific and often gives a negative result. Histopathological examination is still the best option to establish the diagnosis.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pameran poster digital dapat meningkatkan motivasi anak dalam berkreasi dengan melalui proses pembuatan poster dan kualitas poster hasil kreasi anak pada pameran digital. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri Mega Eltra sebanyak 17 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, angket respon siswa, penilaian karya, dan wawancara. Tahapan pelaksanaan meliputi penjelasan penggunaan Canva dan poster, penentuan tema poster, praktik pembuatan poster, penilaian karya, dan implementasi pameran digital. Kualitas poster hasil kreasi anak pada pameran digital secara umum baik. Poster-poster tersebut memiliki desain yang menarik, isi yang informatif, dan pesan yang disampaikan dengan baik. Tanggapan siswa yang positif ditunjukkan dari hasil angket terhadap pameran poster digital. Siswa merasa bahwa pameran poster digital menarik, menyenangkan, dan dapat membantu mereka belajar. Siswa saat wawancara menyampaikan bahwa mereka merasa lebih percaya diri, bangga dengan karya mereka, dan termotivasi untuk terus berkreasi setelah mengikuti pameran poster digital. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pameran poster digital dapat meningkatkan motivasi anak dalam berkreasi.

Mint (Mentha piperita L.) belongs to the Lamiaceae family, whose essential oil is used as a flavouring agent and to treat diseases. The low productivity of mint plants is because the nutrients in the planting medium do not support growth efforts made through fertilization. Two organic materials that can be used as fertilizer are shallot skin and coconut dregs. This study aimed to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer on shallot skins and coconut dregs compost and the most optimal treatment for the growth of mint plant cuttings (Mentha piperita L.). This type of research was quantitative with an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial consisting of 2 factors, namely red onion skin liquid organic fertilizer and coconut dregs compost, each consisting of 3 levels so that the treatment combination consisted of 9 treatments with as many repetitions as three times. Data analysis in this study used the Kruskal Wallis test with SPSS. The results showed that it had a very significant effect on wet weight and a significant effect on the number of leaves on the growth of mint cuttings (Mentha piperita L.). The best treatment for each observation parameter was wet weight BM1AK2 (13 grams), number of primary branches BM1AK2 (2.67), plant height BM2AK1 (26.5 cm) and number of leaves BM2AK1 (27.33 strands).

This study examines whether intellectual capital mediates the association between board gender diversity and ESG performance. The samples were selected based on criteria that included all non-financial companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The total observations are 257 in the period 2017 to 2022. ESG scores were obtained from the Refinitiv Eikon database as a proxy for ESG performance, intellectual capital proxied by the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model, and directors' gender diversity proxied by the percentage of female directors. The results show intellectual capital mediates the association between board gender diversity and ESG performance. These results suggest that board gender diversity positively affects ESG performance if the company has intellectual capital that adds value to create competitiveness. This study aims to help companies understand the importance of gender diversity in managing and utilising intellectual capital to improve the company's ESG performance.

This research aims to identify the potential of medicinal plants in Pampang Village, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, which can be used as a source of chemistry learning at the junior and senior high school levels. This research used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects, namely 11 residents of Pampang Village, were determined using purposive sampling. Data analysis used interactive model analysis, and data validity is measured using data triangulation techniques. The results of the research show that there are 20 medicinal plants that the people of Pampang Village widely used and eight medicinal plants have the potential to be used as a source of chemistry learning. These medicinal plants were sambung nyawa, meniran, bajakah, betel, seri, turmeric, coconut, and tamarind eggplant. These plants related to materials separating mixtures, reaction rates, functional groups, lipids, acid and base indicators, electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions, acids and bases, chemical changes, and redox. Therefore, this can be used as a reference and consideration for chemistry teachers in the learning process. to help students understand chemistry lessons closely related to everyday life.

Guru merupakan salah satu profesi yang rentan mengalami stres, hal ini berkaitan dengan beban kerja yang tinggi dan tuntutan dalam berhadapan dengan peserta didik dan orang tua. Stres kerja pada guru yang tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat berdampak negatif, seperti memburuknya kesehatan fisik dan psikis pada guru, menurunnya kualitas hasil pembelajaran, kualitas pengalaman pembelajaran, serta prestasi pada peserta didik. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk membantu guru dalam meningkatkan keterampilan pengelolaan stres kerja pada guru dengan membekali pengetahuan mengenai sisi positif stres kerja dan strategi pengelolaannya. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan metode presentasi materi dan diskusi 2 arah dengan peserta kegiatan. Pengukuran efektivitas kegiatan diukur melalui kuesioner daring melalui google form yang diisi oleh 55 peserta kegiatan. Hasil analisis efektivitas kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan setelah kegiatan dilaksanakan (p

This research aims to create an automatic hamster feeder system at night following the nocturnal nature of hamsters. The system will be given a command in the form of a message via the Telegram messaging application to fill the hamster's weight which will be calculated as a calculation of the hamster's daily feed portion. The nature of hamsters which are generally nocturnal, in contrast to humans who usually rest at night, makes it difficult for humans to feed their hamsters at night regularly. The daily portion of hamster food is around 0.11 times the hamster's body weight and this provision must be appropriate not to cause obesity in the hamster. Based on these circumstances, this research is proposed as a solution to this problem. After filling the hamster's weight information, the system will calculate the hamster's daily food weight and when the sensor catches that the hamster approaching the system, the system will immediately open the servo motor to pour the hamster food.

Kegiatan ini mengeksplorasi peran penting penyuluhan dan sosialisasi dalam membina lingkungan sehat pada komunitas Waria Karangploso Kabupaten Malang. Komunitas Waria, yang terdiri dari individu transgender di Indonesia, sering menghadapi diskriminasi dan pengucilan masyarakat, yang mengakibatkan berbagai tantangan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa program konseling dan sosialisasi sangat berdampak pada kesejahteraan mental, emosional, dan fisik anggota komunitas Waria. Melalui inisiatif ini, individu mendapatkan akses terhadap informasi kesehatan penting, jaringan dukungan sosial, dan rasa memiliki. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya kolaborasi antara organisasi masyarakat, penyedia layanan kesehatan, dan lembaga pemerintah dalam melaksanakan program berkelanjutan yang memenuhi kebutuhan spesifik komunitas Waria. Kegiatan ini menekankan pentingnya upaya berkelanjutan untuk mendorong penerimaan, inklusivitas, dan pendidikan untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih sehat dan adil bagi komunitas Waria di Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. This activity explores the important role of counseling and socialization in fostering a healthy environment in the Waria Karangploso community, Malang Regency. The Waria community, which consists of transgender individuals in Indonesia, often faces discrimination and exclusion from society, resulting in various health and well-being challenges. Findings show that counseling and outreach programs greatly impact the mental, emotional, and physical well-being of members of the Transgender community. Through this initiative, individuals gain access to important health information, a social support network, and a sense of belonging. Furthermore, this research underscores the importance of collaboration between community organizations, health service providers, and government agencies in implementing sustainable programs that meet the specific needs of the Transgender community. This activity emphasizes the importance of ongoing efforts to encourage acceptance, inclusivity, and education to create a healthier and more equitable environment for the Waria community in Karangploso, Malang Regency.

The growing Muslim population around the world has led to an increase in demand for Halal products such as cosmetic. Previously, the cosmetics business was dominated by non-halal cosmetic enterprises, as many products contained pig-derived substances, which are forbidden in Islam. In 2012, Charms Skincare Cosmetics, a Malaysian cosmetic brand, was established with a focus on producing Halal-certified products. Thus, the aim of the study is to demonstrate that the seven products from the brand are free from porcine DNA, following halal verification. All the cosmetic products were isolated using the Agilent Porcine Detection Kit, and the amplification was done by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method targeting porcine-specific DNA sequences from the Cytochrome b region. The result showed no amplification of the Cytb gene in gel visualization and was supported by the absence of porcine DNA using RT-PCR from all seven Charms cosmetic products, representing the absence of any pig derivative substances. These findings indicate that the products comply with Islamic requirements, and the PCR method proves to be a sensitive and reliable approach for the detection of porcine DNA in halal authentication processes.

Health-supporting equipment and infrastructure affect how well medical services are delivered in hospitals. Other resources cannot replace human resources in an organization. This shows that the success of a hospital's health services depends on the quality of the health workers owned by the hospital. Research on the topic of service quality with the addition of the independent variables of work-life balance and job satisfaction in health workers with a background in the health sector is still rare in Purwakarta Mother and Child Hospital, where the existing literature has not been explained. This study was to determine the effect of work-life balance, job satisfaction, and work-life balance and job satisfaction on the quality of care for nurses. The sample in this study was 200 female nurses at the Purwakarta Mother and Child Hospital. The hypothesis was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) with Lisrel 88.0 software. The result of the research is that job satisfaction has a significant effect on service quality. Work-life balance and job satisfaction have an important role in determining the improvement of the quality of nurse services at the Mother and Child Hospital in Purwakarta, West Java Province. This research study implies that hospitals can improve the work-life balance and job satisfaction experienced by nurses at the Mother and Child Hospital in Purwakarta, West Java Province, so that the quality of nurse services can continue to improve.

Community empowerment, especially for the lower middle class, needs to be done to reduce unemployment and improve welfare. Weak family financial literacy is one of the fundamental problems. This community service team intends to provide solutions to the above problems, namely in the form of family financial literacy training. The target of this empowerment is housewives whose economic status is lower middle class in Beji Village, Beji District, Depok City, West Java. The training material is presented in the form of material presentations by resource persons, followed by discussion. This community service activity proved to be able to provide an understanding of financial planning for the participants who were members of the Baitussalam Healthy and Fit Community in Beji Village, Depok City.

Perkembangan teknologi di era globalisasi mengharuskan hampir segala kegiatan bersinggungan dengan smartphone. Selain kemudahan yang diberikan smartphone, banyak dampak negatif yang mungkin ditimbulkan terutama pada generasi Z yang lahir saat teknologi sedang berkembang pesat. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan studi yang bertujuan untuk menguji peran fear of missing out (FOMO) dalam memediasi pengaruh kontrol diri terhadap nomophobia pada Generasi Z di Bandung Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel 502 orang Generasi Z yang berusia 18 – 24 tahun di Bandung Raya. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tiga skala yaitu Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) (13 item; α = 0,88), Fear of Missing Out Scale (FOMOs) (7 item; α = 0,79), dan Nomophobia Quistionnaire (NMP-Q) (18 item; α = 0,95). Hasil studi ini menjelaskan bahwa ditemukan (1) pengaruh negatif yang signifikan pada kontrol diri terhadap nomophobia, (2) pengaruh negatif yang signifikan pada kontrol diri terhadap fear of missing out, (FOMO) (3) pengaruh yang signifikan dari fear of missing out (FOMO) terhadap nomophobia, dan (4) fear of missing out dapat memediasi pengaruh kontrol diri terhadap nomophobia secara signifikan pada Generasi Z di Bandung Raya.

Faktor-faktor yang mendorong remaja ke dalam perilaku seksual berisiko muncul dari berbagai domain perkembangan remaja. Kurangnya kemampuan kontrol diri terhadap perasaan seksual merupakan salah satu penyebabnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan “MIKAN: Pahami dan Sebarkan” dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan menyampaikan kontrol perilaku, kontrol pikiran, dan kontrol keputusan pada kader remaja. Metode penelitian menggunakan pra-eksperimen, yakni one-group-pretest-posttest design degan metode purposive sampling, yaitu 6 anggota Sanggar X yang berusia 12-16 tahun. Peneliti menyusun sendiri alat ukur pengetahuan perilaku seksual berisiko dan kontrol diri. Pelatihan ini terdiri dari 4 sesi yang dilaksanakan dalam satu hari. Analisa data menggunakan paired sample t-test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan “MIKAN: Pahami dan Sebarkan” efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan menyampaikan kontrol perilaku, kontrol pikiran, dan kontrol keputusan pada kader remaja.

Health cadres are an extension of the health workers at the Community Health Center who take part in the monitoring program for the growth and development of toddlers. Cadre development is an important means of improving cadre skills in monitoring the growth and development of toddlers. This activity aims to increase the capacity of cadres in optimally monitoring the growth and development of toddlers. The respondents in this activity were 60 posyandu cadres. The training provided includes measuring height or body length, body weight, LiLA of toddlers, and detecting toddler development using KPSP. Respondents were given a pre-post test to measure the increase in cadres' ability to monitor the growth and development of toddlers. As many as 86.7% of posyandu cadres were able to monitor the growth of toddlers correctly after attending the training. As many as 45% of posyandu cadres were able to properly monitor the development of toddlers using KPSP after attending training. Training related to monitoring the growth and development of toddlers needs to be provided periodically so that cadres' abilities continue to increase.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama dalam tindak tutur proses inferensial pada pasien skizofrenia kategori berat di Yayasan Jamrud Biru. Pengidap skizofrenia memiliki gejala waham dan halusinasi yang membuat tuturan mereka terdengar berbeda dari orang normal. Isi tuturan turut didukung oleh gejala flight of ideas yang membuat mereka menyampaikan kata-kata dengan makna yang tidak berhubungan dan topik melompat-lompat. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian studi kasus deskriptif. Teori yang digunakan adalah prinsip kerja sama milik Grice dan tindak tutur proses inferensial milik Bara dan Bucciarelli. Sumber data berasal dari pasien skizofrenia kategori berat dengan data berupa tuturan yang ia ujarkan saat konseling dengan pekerja sosial dan psikiater. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah metode simak dengan teknik catat dan rekam, serta metode analisis data dengan menggunakan metode padan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 39 data pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama pasien ketika konseling dengan pekerja sosial dan 15 data pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama pasien ketika konseling dengan psikiater. Prinsip kerja sama yang dominan dilanggar adalah maksim kuantitas dan maksim relevansi, sedangkan tindak tutur proses inferensial yang dominan digunakan adalah tindak tutur langsung dan tindak tutur ironi. Kata kunci: Leksikon Mental, Pelanggaran, Skizofrenia, Tindak Tutur Proses Inferensial

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) often occurs at the age of puberty, most people with AV feel ashamed of their appearance. It has been believed that green tea contains high level antioxidant, such as Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Purpose: This study is to compare quality of life from the patient of acne vulgaris before and after using 3% Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) cream as adjuvant therapy of 0,025% tretinoin cream with 0,025% tretinoin cream alone in the treatment of AV. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, and a control group design aiming to know the difference in quality of life of 46 samples after administration of EGCG cream combined with tretinoin cream compared to the group that was given tretinoin cream alone in patients with AV for 12 weeks, and then evaluate patients satisfaction and change in quality of life after treatment using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Result: Statistical analysis found that there was a significant difference (p-value

Background: In adolescent girls, sexual development is indicated by menarche. The irregular menstrual cycle is a sign of reproductive organ dysfunction. Negative body image and nutritional status are factors that can cause the menstrual cycle to be disrupted due to interference in estrogen hormone production. One of the nutrition status indicators that can be used is waist-hip ratio. Objectives: To analyzed the association between body image and waist-hip ratio with the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls at X High School Sidoarjo. Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional design. The respondents enrolled in this study were 66 female students in X High School Sidoarjo. Body image data was collected using the Multidimensional Body Self Relation Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS) questionnaire, waist-hip ratio (RLPP) was measured with midline, and menstrual cycle was collected with menstrual cycle questionnaire. Data analysis used the Rank-Spearman correlation test. Results: The analysis showed that the average body image score was 80.4, the waist-hip ratio was 0,75, and the menstrual cycle was 34 days. The analysis also explained a significant association between body image and menstrual cycle (p-value=0.033, r-value=-0.262) and a significant correlation between waist-hip ratio and menstrual cycle (p-value=0.000, r-value=-0.504). Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between body image and waist-hip ratio with the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls at X High School Sidoarjo.

The Solo – Jogja Toll Road Development Project is a large-scale project with a large potential risk, especially at the project implementation stage. This research aims to find risks, obtain the level of risk by conducting a risk assessment, and recommend control measures against possible risks. The research method used in this study is HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control). Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 30 respondents using a questionnaire based on certain criteria. The testing of this research instrument is in the form of validity and reliability tests using SPSS. In this research, 5 risk groups were identified during the implementation stage of the Solo - Jogja Toll Road Construction Project, including project risk, technical risk, natural risk, human risk, and occupational health and safety risk. The results of the analysis explained that the project has a risk range from low to high levels. The risk included in the high-level category is the risk of damage to roads around the project due to heavy equipment, such as dump trucks, project materials carriers, and trucks mixer. The risk can be minimized by creating a safe project access road, so that project activities do not cause further damage to the road.

Using Portland pozzolan cement (PPC) is considered suitable for infrastructure in the sea area because it has a high resistance to salt and sulfate but still produces carbon dioxide gas emissions that can damage the environment. Environmentally friendly materials that can completely replace cement are geopolymer materials. This study compared the mechanical properties of PPC mortar and geopolymer mortar with and without white soil under seawater bath conditions. The test object is a 5x5x5 cm mortar cube with fly ash, white soil, sand, water, alkaline activator NaOH 8M, and PPC cement. Mortar variations include PPC mortar, geopolymer mortar without white soil substitution (TTP), and 15% white soil substitution mortar (TP15%). Tests include compressive strength, tensile strength, porosity, density, and absorption for all three variations. Microstructure testing of the influence of the bath is carried out on the TP15% mortar. The test results showed that PPC mortar has better resistance compared to both variations of geopolymer mortar in terms of its compressive and tensile strength at a bath life of 28 days, namely 32,427 MPa and 2,318 MPa, while the geopolymer mortar produced maximum compressive and tensile strength values of 14,373 MPa and 0.993 MPa. TTP mortar has better resistance than TP15% mortar. Microstructure testing showed mortar with baths had a denser matrix.

Writing, as a fundamental skill in language acquisition, is intrinsically linked with grammar. For English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners, especially those from linguistically diverse backgrounds like Indonesia, mastering grammar is both crucial and challenging. While the significance of grammar in writing is well-documented, there is a noticeable gap in research focusing on the specific needs and challenges of Indonesian EFL students. This study aimed to investigate the impact of explicit grammar instruction on the academic writing skills of Indonesian EFL students. It sought to identify specific grammatical challenges faced by these students, assess the effectiveness of targeted grammar instruction, and understand the strategies employed by learners to navigate these challenges. A qualitative research approach was employed, with purposive sampling selecting seven active grammar class attendees from the 6th semester of ABA UMI. Data collection instruments included observations, open interviews, writing tests, and documentation review. An interactive model of analysis was used for data interpretation. Preliminary results indicate that while all participants had foundational grammar knowledge, challenges persisted, especially with certain verb tenses. Explicit grammar instruction showed positive impacts on their writing skills, with real-world tasks enhancing the applicability of learned grammar. Participants also showcased diverse strategies to overcome grammatical challenges, underscoring the need for flexible instructional approaches. Explicit grammar instruction plays a pivotal role in enhancing the academic writing skills of Indonesian EFL students. Recognizing specific challenges and aligning instruction with real-world tasks can further optimize learning outcomes. This study offers valuable insights for educators, curriculum designers, and EFL learners, emphasizing the need for targeted, context-specific grammar instruction.

The Abhekalaghi tradition in Tempurejo is the social acculturation of the people there as a tradition that has been carried out from generation to generation in matchmaking of their children and marrying them off, but in its current developments, is this tradition still relevant in the perspective of Islamic law and Marriage Law No. 16 The year 2019 has provided a change in the implementation of marriage by giving a new norm in the form of limiting the age of marriage which makes this tradition still following the times and applicable legal provisions. Then the question arises: What is the background of the social acculturation of the Abhekalaghi tradition in carrying out marriages in the Tempurejo community, Jember. And how the implementation of this tradition is the perspective of Islamic law and Law No. 16 of 2019. The method used in this research is empirical juridical, a descriptive qualitative or field study using a sociology of law and legislation approach—data generated through direct interviews with the Tempurejo community for research sites. So, the results of research on the acculturation of the Abhekalaghi tradition in the Tempurejo community can be concluded that the background to this tradition is due to several factors such as economic factors, educational factors, local customs factors, parental factors, and social factors. Based on the view of Islamic law, the Abhekalaghi tradition is not prohibited because the 'Urf in this custom is more directed to 'Urf Hasan, which may be carried out following Islamic law that applies to that society. Then, we review Law No. 16 of 2019 regarding changes to Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage, so we can see that many early marriages are being implemented because they are not following these regulations, which has led to an increase in dispensation for marriage in this society.

Conversion is not only observed as a theological change in someone’s belief and behavior, but socio-cultural change that affects identity formation. This present study is conducted qualitatively involving ten Muslim converts who are associated with the white Western people. It aims at investigating their identity formulation on the process of becoming and being Muslims in the Western context in Australia, Sydney especially. Also, this research is to find the comparison between male and female converts’ identity formation.Results show that social challenge has the biggest part of the Muslim converts’ identity formation. Further, the study pictures different pattern of social challenges between male vs male and male vs female Muslim converts that leads to their identity formation. This study has highlighted that Muslim converts in the Western context have been challenged more by the socio-religious reality than faith-related practices. This study suggests that the Muslim community and the born Muslim family living in Australia are encouraged to set a program to address this tension.

The Green Open Space (RTH) development program for 2021-2025 states that Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) of Banyumas Regency manages city parks in Purwokerto City. Despite the fact that developments and optimisations took place in both 2021 and 2022, landscape conditions still need attention. So, this study aims to evaluate the management of urban parks’ landscapes and to analyse perceptions of community members who visited the city parks across Purwokerto City regarding city park management. Study findings will be used to develop a sustainable landscape management strategy. This research implements a mixed method in data collection, a Chi-Square test, and a SWOT-based analysis. Results show landscape management works well when intensive maintenance is enforced despite labour shortages. Visitors’ perception is central in assessing the management of a city park, especially when analysis is done based on the most significant Chi-Square test results. Male respondents of Taman Satria Berkoh and male-female respondents to Purwokerto Square have a strong perception of the role of temperature comfort and performance of park managers in landscape management. Respondents aged between 26-34 years in Taman Mas Apung Kemambang, as well as respondents with status as residents of Purwokerto City and Banyumas Regency in Ahmad Yani Literacy Park, focused their perceptions on the importance of facilities provision in landscape management. Ultimately, this research proposes a landscape management strategy of "hold and maintain." Keywords: city park; landscape manajement; Purwokerto city; visitor perseption Abstrak Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) Kabupaten Banyumas mengelola taman kota di Kota Purwokerto dalam program pengembangan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) 2021-2025. Meskipun ada pengembangan dan optimalisasi di tahun 2021-2022, kondisi lanskap masih perlu diperhatikan. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi manajemen lanskap taman kota dan menganalisis persepsi pengunjung taman kota di Kota Purwokerto. Hasilnya akan digunakan untuk menyusun strategi manajemen lanskap yang berkelanjutan. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis mix method, uji Chi-Square, dan analisis SWOT. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa manajemen lanskap taman berjalan baik menggunakan pemeliharaan intensif, meskipun ada kekurangan tenaga kerja. Persepsi pengunjung menjadi sorotan utama penilaian taman, terutama berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-Square yang paling signifikan. Dari jenis kelamin, responden laki-laki di Taman Satria Berkoh dan responden laki-laki maupun perempuan di Alun-Alun Purwokerto, mempunyai persepsi yang kuat terhadap kenyamanan suhu, dan kinerja pengelola taman dalam pengelolaan lanskap. Responden yang berusia antara 26-34 tahun di Taman Mas Apung Kemambang, serta responden dengan status sebagai warga Kota Purwokerto dan Kabupaten Banyumas di Taman Literasi Ahmad Yani, memfokuskan persepsinya akan pentingnya penyediaan fasilitas dalam pengelolaan lanskap. Hasil strategi manajemen lanskap yang dikembangkan dan diusulkan adalah "hold and maintain”. Kata kunci: taman kota; manajemen lanskap; Kota Purwokerto; persepsi pengunjung

Credit card fraud refers to the illegal activities carried out by criminals. In this research paper, we delve into the topic by exploring four different approaches to analyze fraud, namely decision trees, logistic regression, support vector machines, and Random Forests. Our proposed technique encompasses four stages: inputting the dataset, balancing the data through sampling, training classifier models, and detecting fraud. To analyze the data, we utilized two methods: forward stepwise logistic regression analysis (LR) and decision tree analysis (DT), in addition to Random Forest and support vector machine. Based on the outcomes of our analysis, the decision tree algorithm produced the highest AUC and accuracy value, achieving a perfect score of 1. On the other hand, logistic regression yielded the lowest values of 0.33 and 0.2933 for AUC and accuracy, respectively. Moreover, the implementation of forest algorithms resulted in an impressive accuracy rate of 99.5%, which signifies a significant advancement in automating the detection of credit card fraud.

This community service activity aims to increase community knowledge and skills in managing organic and inorganic waste through ECOMPOSTER (ecobrick and composter) programs. The method of implementing this service used counseling and demonstration methods, including educational activities on waste sorting, training on making ecobrick and compost using the Takakura method, and forming ecomposter cadres. The partners of this service were the people of Wonorejo Village RT. 5 and 6, Satui District, Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The instrument for evaluating this activity used a knowledge questionnaire which was statistically analyzed with a paired T-test, an attitude questionnaire which was statistically analyzed with the Wilcoxon test, and a final program evaluation questionnaire which was analyzed descriptively. The results of this service showed that there were significant differences in knowledge and attitudes before and after the provision of education, indicated by a p value

Jarak Tintir (Jatropha multifida L.) umumnya terkenal sebagai tanaman hias yang berasal dari suku Euphorbiaceae. Masyarakat secara empiris memanfaatkan bagian getahnya sebagai obat luka. Tanaman ini tersebar luas didaerah tropis seperti Indonesia dan juga di subtropis. Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai suku Euphorbiaceae memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan, terutama spesies Jatropha multifida dilaporkan memiliki nilai IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration 50%) sebagai parameter antioksidan dengan kategori sangat kuat pada ekstrak etil asetat dengan nilai IC50 < 50 ug/mL. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat potensi metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etil asetat yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan untuk dikembangkan sebagai kosmedika penyembuhan luka. Ekstraksi simplisia batang jarak tintir dilakukan menggunakan Refluks dengan pelarut etil asetat. Pemeriksaan kualitatif menggunakan metode penapisan fitokimia dan KLT. Aktivitas antioksidan yang dinyatakan dalam nilai IC50 diuji menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas DPPH. Formulasi sediaan salep menggunakan basis vaselin album dan ekstrak etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 5,5% dan 11%. Potensi aktivitas penyembuhan luka dari ekstrak etil asetat dilakukan dengan metode telaah jurnal. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etil asetat memberikan nilai IC50 110,4 µg/mL. Formulasi sediaan salep ekstrak etil asetat batang Jarak Tintir dengan konsentrasi 5,5% dan 11% memenuhi persyaratan uji evaluasi sediaan salep yang baik . Hasil telaah pustaka, metabolit sekunder yang memiliki potensi aktivitas antioksidan juga memiliki potensi sebagai agen penyembuhan luka dengan berbagai mekanisme penyembuhan dan metabolit sekunder yang bertanggung jawab sebagai agen penyembuhan luka antara lain alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin dan saponin. Kata kunci: antioksidan, jarak tintir, Jatropha multifida L., IC50, penyembuhan luka

Perencanaan keuangan keluarga, menciptakan peluang usaha baru dan menciptakan dokumentasi keuangan yang baik bagi UMKM merupakan salah satu kunci bagaimana ibu rumah tangga dan UMKM dapat memberikan kontribusi yang baik dalam mengatur dan mengembangkan kompetensinya untuk membangun taraf perekonomian di desa dan wilayah tempat tinggalnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan cara diskusi, pelatihan, pemberian modul dan pendampingan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini memberikan implikasi positif bagaimana semangat ibu rumah tangga dan pelaku UMKM di Desa Situ Udik dapat meningkatkan kompetensi dan keterampilannya untuk membangun perekonomian yang lebih baik. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah 1) Ibu rumah tangga dapat membuat perencanaan keuangan yang baik dan sehat untuk kehidupan keluarganya, (2) Memberikan potensi manfaat bagi ibu rumah tangga untuk mendapatkan penghasilan tambahan guna meningkatkan perekonomian keluarganya, (3) Meningkatkan pengetahuan bagi UMKM di wilayah desa agar mampu membuat laporan keuangan sederhana sesuai ketentuan yang benar agar kesehatan keuangan usaha tetap terjaga.

Dalam rangka melakukan kegiatan pengabdian ini kami melakukan pembuatan pupuk Pollen Stimulating Fertilizer dan eco enzim dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan yang tersedia di rumah tangga. Dalam kegiatan ini kami memiliki tujuan agar para ibu rumah tangga dapat memanfaatkan bahan-bahan yang tersedia baik dalam bentuk bahan masakan hingga limbah yang dihasilkan oleh bahan masakan tersebut. Limbah yang dihasilkan oleh bahan masakan tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pupuk organik yang dapat bermanfaat bagi tanaman maupun lingkungan.

Teaching English to Young Learners starts to reach growth as parents want their children to be competent in one of the 21st-century skills, which is being communicative. Having the ability to communicate in one foreign language, particularly English, is considered important for many parents whose children study at Islamic-affiliated schools, other than Arabic skills. However, English teaching at the primary school level is still limited in terms of its teaching duration, they learn only for 90 minutes per week. Therefore, this community service aims to provide more opportunities for primary graders at SD Aisyiyah Kota Malang to learn English through the Content Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) enrichment program which was done in weekend classes that lasted for ten consecutive meetings. The methods implemented were analyzing students’ learning needs, designing science-based topics as teaching material, developing materials, implementing the learning design through 10-week teaching, and evaluating the program. Results show that the content of the subject at the school was taught in English. Some materials designed for this project were about science, thus, in this program students discussed the topic of science in English. Also, the content was designed by integrating Islamic elements, the topics were animals mentioned in the Quran such as camel, whale, bird, donkey, and crow. At the end of the session, this activity gained a positive response from students, the content teacher, the homeroom teacher, and the school principal. This indicates that the community service which was designed in the form of an enrichment program for weekend classes was effectively run.

Kebidanan komunitas adalah pelayanan kebidanan yang menekankan pada aspek-aspek psikososial budaya yang ada di komunitas. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di RW 03 wilayah Batu Busuk, Kelurahan Lambung Bukit Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang. Melalui pendekatan Kebidanan Komunitas dan Family Oriented Midwifery Education (FOME) didapatkan data yang menjadi permasalahan utama yang terjadi di masyarakat wilayah Batu Busuk Masalah kebersihan lingkungan (pengelolaan sampah yang kurang tepat dan pembuangan limbah di selokan/sungai), penyakit kulit yang banyak diderita oleh balita dan anak-anak serta masih kurangnya variasi dalam pemilihan jenis metode Keluarga Berencana (KB) oleh pasangan usia subur (PUS) yang terbatas pada pilihan metode KB Suntik dan Pil. Peran bidan dalam kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pelayanan yang bersifat individual maupun kelompok. Intervensi yang dilakukan yakni kegiatan penyuluhan terkait masalah yang ditemukan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah sebagai upaya preventif dan promotif dalam bentuk pelayanan kebidanan dengan melibatkan peran serta masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode pembobotan, yaitu proses pemberian nilai terhadap masalah yang telah dipilih untuk membandingkan suatu kriteria dengan kriteria lainnya dengan melihat nilai bobotnya. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah terlaksananya penyuluhan yang dapat menambah pengetahuan dan perubahan perilaku masyarakat sehingga lebih peduli pada perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS), mengetahui variasi pemilihan metode keluarga berencana dan pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat secara keseluruhan.

Southeast Asian Games or SEA Games is a Southeast Asian sporting event held every 2 years, where the participants are 11 member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN). Cambodia was chosen as the host for the 2023 SEA Games. The implementation of the SEA Games in Cambodia experienced many controversies ranging from the inverted Indonesian flag to leaking lodging rooms for athletes. Social media Twitter became one of the places for netizens to express their opinions about the implementation of the SEA Games in Cambodia. This study aims to determine the level of tendency of positive, negative and neutral opinions through the sentiment analysis process. The sentiment analysis process is carried out using the Naive Bayes method, through five main stages, namely Data Selection, Preprocessing, Transformation, Data Mining, and Evaluation. The data used comes from Twitter users who use the hashtag "SEA Games Cambodia" then obtained data as many as 1595 tweets. The results of this study describe the results of Naive Bayes implementation and performance testing using confusion matrix obtained accuracy 66%, precision 70%, recall 66%, and f1-score 61%. and also obtained the results of the tendency of public opinion sentiment on Twitter with positive results as much as 49%, then negative results as much as 40% and neutral results as much as 11%.

Jeruk lemon afkir dengan kerusakan ringan sejauh ini hanya dimanfaatkan untuk sari buah lemon, bahkan sebagian besar buahnya dibiarkan menjadi limbah. Padahal pada limbah jeruk lemon sekalipun masih terdapat kandungan esensial yang sangat berlimpah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dan kondisi optimal pada proses penyulingan kulit jeruk lemon afkir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 faktor, yaitu kondisi bahan, metode penyulingan, dan waktu penyulingan. Parameter minyak asiri yang diamati di antaranya adalah rendemen minyak asiri, komponen senyawa volatil, dan karakteristik fisiko-kimia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kulit jeruk lemon afkir menghasilkan rerata kandungan limonene sebesar 63,8—67,7%. Perlakuan optimal terdapat pada kondisi bahan segar, menggunakan metode penyulingan uap dan air selama 6 jam, dengan rerata rendemen yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,25%, bobot jenis 0,856 g/ml, bilangan asam 2,749 mg KOH/g, serta menghasilkan karakteristik aroma paling mendekati kulit lemon segar.

Tujuan dari artikel ini yaitu untuk implementasi konseling behavioral terhadap permasalahan perilaku peserta didik SMA. Kenakalan remaja ini pada umumnya dilakukan oleh peserta didik yang berada di sekolah menengah atas. Yang dimana kenakalan remaja ini seringkali dilakukan oleh peserta didik, yaitu seringnya mereka merokok, minum minuman yang beralkohol, hingga narkoba. Hal menyimpang yang mereka lakukan ini umumnya sering dilakukan karena alasan ingin mencoba-coba atau meniru teman sebayanya. Kebanyakan dari mereka sudah tau dan mengerti jika hal tersebut sangat berdampak buruk untuk kedepannya akan tetapi pengaruh lingkungan sangat mempengaruhi peserta didik tersebut untuk melakukan kenakalan remaja. Penerapan dalam mengatasi konseling ini harus menggunakan teknik maupun strategi yang tepat dalam menangani permasalahan tersebut. Konseling behavioral ini sendiri dinilai cukup efektif dalam menangani permasalahan kenakalan remaja. Pada dasarnya, konseling behavioral ini sendiri dapat membantu untuk merubah perilaku peserta didik yang sedang dalam kondisi kenakalan remaja. Kenakalan remaja ini juga tidak boleh dihiraukan dan dianggap sebelah mata, karena hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi Perilaku serta pemikiran peserta didik kedepannya.

This research aims to investigate learning activities in reading for students with special needs of lower class at MINU Islamiyah Kecamatan Asembagus Kabupaten Situbondo. This study engaged qualitative reserach approach, whreas researcher collected data using observation, interview, and documentation. analysis used was descriptive qualtative research, consisted of data collection, data reduction, and conlusion. The results of the study show that children with spesial needs require different tratment compared to normal students, on of wich requires a companion teacher to provide services for early reading learning activities. teachers must have a extraordinary educational background and must understand the characteristics of students wit spasicial needs. Students with spesial are children who in their development have disoders and obtacies. Thereby, their growt is different to normal children. Physical and psychological disordes, anmely mental, sensory motor, communication disorders, social behavior disorders, and learning difficulties

Highlighting the role of bat guano as an organic fertilizer housing beneficial microbes for soil and plants. The research aimed to assess the effect of bat guano on bacterial diversity and chemical and nutrient properties of peat soil in the vicinity of a bat cave within oil palm plantation in West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Four samples, namely bat guano (BG), peat soil (PS), peat soil mixed with bat guano (PSM), and peat soil inside the cave (PSI) were assessed. Organic carbon, pH, total nitrogen, the C/N ratio, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Base Saturation (BS), macronutrients, and micronutrients were measured across all samples. Bacteria from the samples were also isolated, and their capability in hydrolyzing urea, solubilizing phosphate, solubilizing potassium, and producing the Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) hormone was characterized. The influence of bat guano was found on the enhancement production of IAA hormone, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, CEC, BS, macronutrients, and micronutrients. The results also demonstrated substantial bacterial community resemblance between PSM and BG in contrast to the original PS (3:1). Meanwhile, peat soil inside the cave was indicated unique and has bacterial diversity, which can hydrolyze urea, solubilizing phosphate, and potassium.

The increase in the unemployment rate in Bojong Pandan Village after the Covid-19 pandemic has threatened the stability of family food security. This condition threatens to make families in Bojong Pandan Village experience difficulties in meeting their basic needs through food. Budikdamber innovation is a solution to maintain family food security stability. However, the community still needs to gain knowledge and skills regarding Budikdamber, so there is a need for synergy between the village government and universities through community service activities. This service aims to increase the participant's knowledge and skills regarding Budikdamber. Implementation methods to support the achievement of the goals of this service include surveys, preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The results obtained from this community service activity were an increase in the participants' knowledge of 47.47%, and all participants could practice the tutorial activities for making Budikdamber. Follow-up of this activity will be routine monitoring at least once a month and innovating variations on fish and plant species other than catfish and water spinach.

Background: As a complication of pregnancy, uncontrolled hypertension will continue to be a complication that harms both mother and baby. Pomegranate peel, which contains high antioxidants, is potentially used as an antihypertensive of adjuvant pharmacological therapy. However, there has been no research on the effect of pomegranate extract in lowering blood pressure, so it is necessary to do related research. Purpose: Analyze the effect of pomegranate peel extract on blood pressure and nitric oxide levels in gestational hypertension. Methods: This is a quasi-experiment design pre-post-test with the control group. Through purposive sampling techniques, 32 respondents were divided into two groups. During 14 days, the intervention group received nifedipine 10 mg/day with 500 mg of pomegranate peel extract, while another group was only given nifedipine 10 mg/day. Results: The blood pressure of the intervention group decreased compared to the control group (p

Kabupaten Bandung Barat merupakan bagian dari Kawasan Strategis Nasional Kawasan Perkotaan Cekungan Bandung serta memiliki potensi di bidang pariwisata. Letaknya yang berbatasan langsung dengan perkotaan menjadikan kabupaten ini memiliki angka laju pertumbuhan penduduk tertinggi pada tahun 2010-2020 di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Namun, Kabupaten Bandung Barat dilalui oleh Sesar Lembang yang terpantau mengalami aktivitas sehingga dapat memicu ancaman gempa bumi dan pada saat ini sudah memasuki fase pelepasan energi. Dengan adanya kondisi tersebut, penelitian ini mengkaji risiko bencana gempa bumi yang mungkin terjadi akibat aktivitas Sesar Lembang. Komponen risiko bencana meliputi kerawanan dan kerentanan baik kerentanan fisik, sosial, maupun ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data utama dari studi dokumen dan data pendukung dari wawancara dan observasi, kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik skoring pada unit wilayah kecamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Kabupaten Bandung Barat terbagi dalam empat tingkatan risiko bencana. Risiko bencana tertinggi berada pada ibu kota kabupaten dan daerah wisata potensial pada bagian utara Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Area ini termasuk dalam kecamatan yang dilalui oleh jalur sesar sehingga apabila Sesar Lembang beraktivitas dan memicu gempa bumi, maka daerah ini akan merasakan intensitas guncangan yang paling besar.

The relationship between the blood glucose levels of diabetes mellitus patients and intake of carbohydrates, fiber, and vitamin D Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease with a combination of symptoms that appear in a person due to an increase in blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) above average values. Good intake by following the guidelines for persons with diabetes, a nutritious diet that contains carbs, fiber, and vitamin D can help keep blood glucose levels within acceptable ranges. Objective: This study aims to the relationship between the blood glucose levels of patients at RSI Siti Hajar Sidoarjo and their intake of carbohydrates, fiber, and vitamin D. Methods: The method in this study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach, the population in this study were DM patients who were hospitalized at RSI Siti Hajar Sidoarjo. The number of samples was estimated using the cross-sectional sample size calculation and the purposive sampling technique with 60 respondents. The patient's intake was measured using a 3x24 hour food recall questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: The result showed that there was a relationship between carbohydrate intake and blood glucose levels (p=0.000) and fiber intake and blood glucose levels (p=0.003), but there was no significant relationship between vitamin D intake and blood glucose levels (p=1.00). Conclusion: Carbohydrate and fiber intake significantly correlated with the patient's blood glucose levels but not vitamin D intake.

This paper discusses the activities that are related to parenting, which is interrelated with a culture in order to be described through the point of view based on the indigenous people. The research uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods. Data were collected through an interview process and subsequently were analyzed by using the Nvivo 12.2 Software coding technique. The Malay ethnoparenting based on Tunjuk Ajar Melayu through the "Twenty-Five Principles" of parents in Bukit Payung village indicates a significant influence on children in socializing with people around them and the environment where they live. Parenting that was applied by people of different ethnicities has differences between families. Nevertheless, similarities that were found in the research were the values contained within and became the main values in the parenting process. The research result reveals that Riau Malay ethnoparenting, which was applied in the transmigration area of Bukit Payung village, specifically prioritized religious values as one of the main foundations, tolerance for differences, humility towards others, integrity and courage, and providing space for the social environment in forming a cultural identity for children.

Graph theory is a branch of algebra that is growing rapidly both in concept and application studies. This graph application can be used in chemistry, transportation, cryptographic problems, coding theory, design communication network, etc. There is currently a bridge between graphs and algebra, especially an algebraic structures, namely theory of graph algebra. One of researchs on graph algebra is a graph that formed by prime ring elements or called prime graph over ring R. The prime graph over commutative ring R (PG(R))) is a graph construction with set of vertices V(PG(R))=R and two vertices x and y are adjacent if satisfy xRy={0}, for x≠y. Girth is the shortest cycle length contains in PG(R) or can be written gr(PG(R)). Order in PG(R) denoted by |V(PG(R))| and size in PG(R) denoted by |E(PG(R))|. In this paper, we discussed prime graph over cartesian product over rings Z_m×Z_n and its complement. We focused only for m=p_1, n=p_2 and m=p_1, n=〖p_2〗^2, where p_1 and p_2 are prime numbers. Then, we obtained some properties related to order and size, degree, and girth. We also observe some examples. Moreover, we found that a correction in the statement of (Pawar & Joshi, 2019) about the complement graph over prime graph over a ring and gave a counter example for that.